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ABSTRAK Nama Program Studi Judul : : : Dani Ferdian Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Analisis Motivasi Kesediaan Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran Dalam Berkarier Di Layanan Kesehatan Primer Tersedianya pelayanan kesehatan primer yang berkualitas dan memadai adalah elemen penting dalam menyukseskan program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional untuk mewujudkan keberhasilan pembangunan nasional. Kurangnya minat dari mahasiswa kedokteran dalam memilih karier sebagai dokter yang bekerja di layanan kesehatan primer akan berdampak terhadap kesinambungan pelaksanaan sistem kesehatan nasional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah diperolehnya informasi mendalam tentang motivasi kesediaan Mahasiswa Program Studi Profesi Dokter (PSPD) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran (FK Unpad) dalam berkarier di layanan kesehatan primer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan diskusi kelompok terarah. Informan adalah Mahasiswa PSPD FK Unpad periode Februari 2016 – Juli 2017 yang telah melewati stase/rotasi klinik Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat maupun Ilmu Kedokteran Keluarga. Untuk meningkatkan validitas data dilakukan triangulasi sumber, metode, data, dan analisis. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan thematic analysis. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan melalui 13 wawancara mendalam dan 1 diskusi kelompok terarah menunjukkan bahwa motivasi yang hanya ditemukan pada Mahasiswa PSPD FK Unpad yang tertarik dalam berkarier di layanan kesehatan primer adalah berkaitan dengan beban kerja dan waktu kerja (intrinsic process motivation); nilai orientasi sosial, tanggung jawab, dan kepedulian (goal internalization); konsep diri supel (internal self concept-based motivation); dan penerimaan masyarakat (external self concept-based motivation). Dari hasil ini, FK Unpad diharapkan dapat memberikan motivasi kepada mahasiswa melalui kurikulum dan lingkungan akademis yang mendukung tumbuhnya minat untuk berkarier di layanan kesehatan primer. FK Unpad perlu memperkuat proses pendidikan yang memastikan konsep nilai dapat tumbuh dan berkembang. Proses pendidikan juga wajib memperhatikan role model yang berinteraksi sebagai lingkungan terdekat mahasiswa selama pendidikan berlangsung. FK Unpad bersama Ikatan Alumni dan Organisasi Kemahasiswaan juga perlu menyusun program pengenalan profesi kepada mahasiswa sejak Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran (PSSK) secara berkala, efektif, dan menarik. Kata kunci: FK Unpad, Layanan Kesehatan Primer, Motivasi, Pemilihan Karier, Pendidikan Dokter
ABSTRACT Name Study Program Title : : : Dani Ferdian Public Health Motivation and willingness to work in primary healthcare service among interns in Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University The availability of high quality primary healthcare service is an important factor to improve the National Health Insurance program in Indonesia. Decreasing interest of medical students to work in primary healthcare service would give an impact to the continuity of healthcare system. The aim of this study was to explore the motivation and willingness to work in primary healthcare service among interns in Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University. A qualitative approach with in-depth interview and focused group discussion was used in this study. The participants were interns that already finished their rotation in Public Health and Family Medicine course during February 2016 - July 2017. Data validity is examined by triangulation of informant, method, data, and analysis. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis. Thirteen individual in-depth interview and one focused group discussion sessions were conducted. The results showed that participants’ motivation was related to workload and working time (intrinsic process motivation); social orientation value, responsibility, and concern (goal internalization); sociable self-concept (internal self-concept-based motivation); and community acceptance (external self-concept-based motivation). Based on these results, it is important to promote medical students motivation to work in primary healthcare service through regular curriculum and academic environment. The medical faculty should promote growth and developmental value in learning process with good role model as the closest learning experience for students. Together with association of alumni and students organization, Faculty of Medicine Padjadjaran University also need to introduce the career options early in effective ways and a regular period. Key words: Career preference, FK Unpad, medical education, motivation, primary healthcare service
This thesis discusses the factors that influence the retention of doctors in community health center. The study was conducted by processing secondary data from the results of the Health Research in 2017 (Risnakes), with total sample of 14,091 doctors who served at the community health center. Processing data using path analysis. The results of the study showed that being close to extended families was the main reason for most retention (34%). The effect of total character variables on retention is 0.23, on job satisfaction 0.04, and on motivation 0.08. The effect of the total non-financial benefit variable on retention rate -0.15, and motivation 0.03. The effect of the total variable financial benefits on retention rate 0.04, job satisfaction 0.13 and motivation 0.11. There is no direct effect from the financial benefit variable on the level of retention, and from the non-financial benefit variable to satisfaction. The effect of total satisfaction variables on retention is 0.26 and on motivation 0.58. Effect of total motivational variables on retention of 0.05. It is recommended that the Central Government synchronize the recruitment and distribution policy for doctor, subsidize the budget incentives doctor for regional with low fiscal capacity and or have financial limitations, and continue 2 special assignment programs for the placement of doctor, compile and apply affirmative policies for the distribution of doctor in community health center, including programs official ties and medical education scholarships, datasering. Local Governments can carry out recruitment innovation and distribution of doctor through special assignments, regional scholarship programs for medical education, provide appropriate financial incentives for doctor, and provide sufficient facilitation for capacity building programs.
