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ABSTRAK Nama : Isti Dariah Program Studi : Kesehatan Reproduksi Judul : Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kematian Neonatal di Wilayah Kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kota Cimahi Tahun 2016 Latar Belakang: Kondisi pembangunan kesehatan secara umum dapat dilihat dari status kesehatan dan gizi masyarakat, yaitu salah satunya Angka Kematian Bayi. Penyumbang Angka Kematian bayi di kota Cimahi adalah Angka Kematian neonatal dimana pada tahun 2013 sebesar 83% Kematian bayi terjadi pada periode neonatal dan pada tahun 2014 sebesar 76,9% .Pada Tahun 2016 terjadi kematian neonatal 50 orang dan kematian bayi 66 dan sebagaian besar terjadi pada periode neonatal. Dalam 7 tahun ke belakang ( Tahun 2009 – 2015) program penurunan kematian bayi khususnya kematian neonatal di Kota Cimahi kurang signifikan bahkan cendrung naik pada Tahun 2016 dan belum adanya analisis mendalam terhadap penyebab kematian bayi. Metode: Penelitian bersifat observasional dengan desain kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah bayi meninggal usia 0 sampai dengan 28 hari. Sedangkan kontrol adalah bayi lahir hidup. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 86 yang terdiri dari 43 kasus dan 43 kontrol. Data penelitian data berupa data sekunder dari hasil laporan otopsi verbal kematian neonatal, buku KIA dan data primer yang diperoleh langsung dari responden melalui wawancara tertulis dan formulir. Analisa data secara univariate dan bivariate dengan uji chi square. Hasil Penelitian: Analisi faktor risiko menunjukkan variable pendidikan (Nilai P=0,828), sosial ekonomi (Nilai P=0,008; OR=4,440), Umur Ibu (Nilai P=0,471; OR= 1,5930), paritas (Nilai P = 0,375; OR= 1,640 ), Jarak persalinan (nilai P= 0,009; OR= 7,935), Pekerjaan (Nilai P= 0,000; OR= 15,333), Status Gizi (nilai P = 0,016; OR=7.047), pengetahuan ibu tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan (Nilai P=0,015; OR= 4,032), pengetahuan tentang tanda bahaya bayi baru lahir (Pvalue= 0,001; OR= 10,982), Jenis Kelamin (Nilai P= 0,512), Usia Getasi (Nilai P=0,000; OR= 25,895), Asfiksia (Nilai P=0,000; OR=2,870), BBLR (Nilai P=0,000; OR=12,316), Infeksi (Nilai P= 0,018; OR=2,344),faktor persalinan (Nilai P= 1,000), Komplikasi (P= 0,010; OR=3,496), post natal care (nilai P= 0,023; OR=5,161), Pemeriksaan ANC (nilai P= 0,001 ; OR=5,914), IMD (P= 0,001; OR=12,500). Kesimpulan : Faktor ekonomi keluarga, jarak kehamilan, pekerjaan, status gizi, pengetahuan tentang bahaya kehamilan, pengetahuan tentang bahaya BBL, usia getasi, asfiksia, BBLR, infeksi, komplikasi post natal care, pemeriksaan ANC dan intervensi (IMD) berhubungan dengan kematian neonatal. Kata kunci: Faktor Risiko; Kematian Neonatal; Kasus Control
ABSTRACT Name : Isti Dariah Study Program : Reproductive Health Title : Factors Associated with Neonatal Mortality in the Work Territory of Health Region in Cimah City 2016 Background:Health development conditions in general can be seen from the health status and nutrition of the community, one of which is the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). The contributor of the Infant Mortality Rate in Cimahi city is neonatal mortality rate. In 2013 the incidenceof infant mortality in neonatal period is 83%and 76.9% in 2014. In 2016, there are 50 of infant mortality and 60 of neonatal mortality. In the past 7 years (from 2009 to 2015)program to decreaseinfant mortality, especially neonatal mortality in Cimahi City is not significant,yet tend to increasein 2016 and there has not any deep analysis to what causes the infant mortality. Methods: The study was observational with case control design. Cases are infants dying from 0 to 28 days. While the controls arethe infants-bornalive. Samples in this study were 86 consisting of 43 cases and 43 controls. The data collected were secondary data from verbal autopsy report of neonatal death, KIA book and primary data obtained directly from respondents through written interview and forms. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate data with chi square test. Results: Risk factor analysis showed educational variables (P value = 0.828), socioeconomic (P value = 0.008 OR = 4.440), maternal age (P value = 0.471, OR = 1.5930), parity (P value = 0.375 ; OR = 1,640), Gestational Distance (P value = 0.009; OR = 7,935), Occupation (P = 0,000; OR = 15,333), Nutritional Status (P = 0.016; OR = 7.047), maternal knowledge about pregnancy alert (P = 0.015; OR = 4,032), knowledge of the newborn hazard (Pvalue = 0.001; OR = 10,982), Gender (P value = 0.512), Age Gestation (P = 0,000; OR = 25,895) Asphyxia (P = 0,000; OR = 2,870), BBLR (P = 0,000; OR = 12,316), Infection (P = 0.018; OR = 2,344), labor factor (P = 1,000), Complications (P = 0.010 ; OR = 3,496), post-natal care (P value = 0.023; OR = 5,161), ANC examination (P value = 0.001; OR = 5,914), IMD (P = 0.001; OR = 12,500). Conclusions: Family economic factors, gestational distance, occupation, nutritional status, knowledge of pregnancy hazards, knowledge of BBL dangers, age of gestation, asphyxia, LBW, infections, postnatal care complications, ANC and intervention (IMD) are associated with neonatal mortality. Keywords: Case control; Risk Factors; Neonatal Mortality.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Merdeka Kota Bogor tahun 2017 sebesar 24,1 %. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan adalah umur kehamilan (nilai P: 0,048) dan kekurangan energi kronik (nilai P: 0,013). Sedangkan faktor umur ibu, paritas dan jarak kelahiran tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, perlu peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenaik kebutuhan zat gizi terutama zat besi selama kehamilan dan pembentukan program pengawasan minum tablet tambah darah untuk memantau semua ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet tambah darah sesuai dengan kebutuhan selama kehamilan.
Kata kunci: Anemia, Ibu hamil, Faktor-faktor
Nutrition problems such as anemia in pregnant women are still the focus of attention in health development in Indonesia. 40% of maternal deaths in the world are associated with anemia in pregnancy. The Riskesdas report of 2013 states that the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in Indonesia is 37.1%. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia and factors affecting the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Working Area of Merdeka Healt Centers 2017. This research is a quantitative research using cross sectional design. Sources of data in this study were maternal cohorts and maternal registers. The sampling technique used was total sampling with the number of 195 pregnant women.
The results showed that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in the Work Area of Merdeka Health Center Bogor City in 2017 was 24.1%. Based on the analysis results obtained factors associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is the age of pregnancy (P value: 0.048) and chronic energy deficiency (P value: 0.013). While the maternal age, parity and birth spacing factors were not associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy. Based on this research, it is necessary to increase the knowledge of pregnant mother about requirement of nutrient especially iron during pregnancy and establishment of supervision program of tablet consumption to all pregnant woman consume tablets added blood as needed during pregnancy.
Keywords: Anemia, pregnant women, factors
Kata Kunci: Alat Kontrasepsi dalam Rahim (AKDR); Intra Uterine device (IUD)
Intra uterine Devices (IUD) is one type of birth control that is placed in the uterus through the cervical canal, which is covered by fine wires made of copper and containing the hormone levonorgestrel. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the use of IUDs in Puskesmas Koja in 2015. Data were collected through questionnaires integrated and processed using statistical software. From the results of the statistical test, there are two variables that showed a significant association with the use of IUD that education variables with p = 0.000 knowledge variables with a P value = 0.036. Keep in education and promotion of officers to increase knowledge acceptor.
Keywords: intrauterine device (IUD); Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
