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Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan informasi mengenai kinerja organisasi melalui wawancara mendalam, CDMG dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dalam setiap kriteria juga dijabarkan peluang perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan oleh rumah sakit untuk meningkatkan kinerja mutu organisasi.
Kata kunci : Kinerja Organisasi, Malcolm Baldrige For performance Excellence, Rumah Sakit
Meassurement of hospital performance can provide a strong foundation for solving existing problems and is needed to improve the quality of care service. This thesis assesses the quality performance of hospital organization using Malcolm Baldrige For Performance Excellence based on seven criteria: Leadership, Strategy Planning, Costumers Focus, Meassurement, Analysis and Management Knowledge, Work Focus, Operation Focus and Result.
This research is based on a qualitative research by collecting information about organizational performance through in-depth intervies, CDMG and secondary data. Based on the results of the study, in each criteria also elaborated opportunities for improvement that can be done by the hospital to improve the quality performance of the organization.
Keywords : Organizational Performance, Malcolm Baldrige For Performance Excellence, Hospitaal
Measurement of hospital performance can provide a strong foundation for solving existing problems and is needed to improve the quality of care service. This thesis assesses the quality performance of hospital organization using Malcolm Baldrige for Performance Excellence based on seven criteria: Leadership, Strategy Planning, Costumers Focus, Measurement, Analysis and Management Knowledge, Work Focus, Operation Focus and Result. This research is based on a qualitative research by collecting information about organizational performance through in-depth interviews, observation, document review, and focus group discussion. Based on the results of the study, in each criteria also elaborated opportunities for improvement that can be done by the hospital to improve the quality performance of the organization.
Hasil analisis menjelaskan bahwa 84,8% dari variabel kepuasan karyawan di jelaskan oleh ke 6 kriteria Malcolm Baldrige, dan sisanya sebesar 15,2% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak ada pada penelitian ini.
Kata kunci : Kriteria Malcolm Baldrige, kepuasan Karyawan Performance analysis services Harapan Bunda Batam Hospital on employee satisfaction with Malocolm Baldrige Criteria Approach
Hospital is one of organization produce a health services that required to give quality services. One of the key factor to improve a high qualityt is employee satisfaction. This research use Malcolm Baldrige criteria that overall focus, and continues, contained in leadership, strategic planning, Customer focus, measurement, analysis and knowledge management, workforce focus, process management. Research method is the sequential explanatory mixed method design. Sampling technique is total sampling, the survey by distributing questionnaires to all employees Harapan Bunda Hospital.
The results of this study the relationship strong and positive pattern of the six criteria of the Malcolm Baldrige on employee satisfaction. And results of the analysis explains that 84.8% of the variable employee satisfaction described by Malcolm Baldrige criteria and the remaining 15.2% is explained by other variables that do not exist in this study.
Metode penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang, dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, data primer didapatkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada seluruh tenaga keperawatan di RSIA Assalam. Total sampel 56 sama dengan populasi, dengan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik.
Hasil analisis bivariat variabel terukur, relevan, hasil kerja berhubungan secara signifikan (p<0,05) dengan penilaian kinerja. Perilaku paling dominan terhadap penilaian kinerja dengan hasil analisis multivariat ukuran kinerja perilaku (p=0.0001) dan indikator jelas (p=0.039).
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini indikator kinerja yang digunakan sudah jelas tapi kurang terukur, kurang relevan dan kurang terikat waktu. Instrumen yang digunakan dapat mengukur perilaku dengan baik, tapi belum dapat mengukur hasil kerja dan kompetensi dengan baik. Perbaikan indikator kinerja dan ukuran kinerja pada instrumen penilaian kinerja perlu dilakukan demi meningkatkan kinerja tenaga keparawatan
Metode : Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan tipe penelitian kombinasi Sequential Explenatory Desain (Sugiyono, 2012), dimana pengumpulan dan analisis data terdiri dari 2 tahap yaitu: 1. pengumpulan dan analisis data kuantitatif pada tahap pertama (Pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner dilakukan untuk mengetahui mutu pelayanan Rumah Sakit RK Charitas, melalui penggunaan Kriteria Baldrige) 2. pengumpulan dan analisis data kualitatif pada tahap ke dua (melakukan wawancara untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang lebih utuh terhadap hasil pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner).
Hasil : Dari hasil penelitan, didapatkan seluruh variabel (Kepemimpinan, Perencanaan Strategi, Fokus Pelanggan, Fokus Sumber daya manusia, Fokus Proses, Pengukuran-analisa dan manajemen pengetahuan) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dalam mempengaruhi kinerja rumah sakit. Didapatkan dari tujuh kriteria Malcolm Baldridge, terdapat 3 variabel yang memiliki nilai diatas total rerata, dan 4 kriteria memiliki nilai dibawah total rerata. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan variabel kepemimpinan merupakan variabel yang memiliki nilai rata-rata terendah iii dibandingkan variabel lainnya. Pada variabel kepemimpinan, dinilai peran kepemimpinan dalam transparasi, supevisi, kaderisasi di masa yang akan datang, serta proses perencanaan dan pengelolaan perencanaan strategi dinilai kurang optimal.
Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dibuat oleh peneliti, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa mutu pelayanan Rumah Sakit Charitas dikaji berdasarkan integrasi TQM dan Six Sigma melalui pendekatan Malcolm Baldridge, perlu ditingkatkan. Dimana terdapat 4 (empat) variabel yang memiliki nilai rata-rata lebih rendah dari total nilai rata-rata 7 (tujuh) variabel dalam Kriteria Malcolm Baldridge. Empat kriteria tersebut ialah kepemimpinan, perencanaan strategi, manajemen sumber daya manusia, serta pengukuran, analisis dan manajemen.Variabel yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian besar karena memiliki nilai yang paling rendah ialah variabel kepemimpinan dan perencanaan strategi. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil wawancara mendalam, peran yang paling besar dalam peningkatan kinerja ialah peran kepemimpinan. Dilihat dari hasil pencapaian indikator kinerja RS. Charitas yang mengalami penurunan tiga tahun terakhir, tidak sejalan dengan hasil kuantitatif yang dicapai pada kriteria variabel kinerja rumah sakit, dimana menghasilkan nilai yang baik. Salah satu penyebabnya ialah ketidakselarasan antara program kerja dan target unit dengan rencana strategi yang telah ditetapkan. Hal ini dipertegas melalui wawancara mendalam, rencana strategi yang telah ditetapkan tidak secara menyeluruh disosialisasikan ke unit-unit. Sehingga tujuan dari program kerja seringkali ditemukan tidak sejalan dengan rencana strategi yang telah ditetapkan, yang berpengaruh pada perbedaan persepsi pencapaian kinerja unit dengan kinerja rumah sakit secara keseluruhan. Selain itu ditemukan tidak adanya pedoman penilaian kinerja unit.Maka melalui penelitian ini diharapkan penerapan Integrasi TQM dan Six Sigma untuk mencapai kinerja rumah sakit melalui: meningkatkan peran kepemimpinan di rumah sakit; mengembangkan dan melaksanakan rencana strategis yang optimal; meningkatkan kemampuan untuk fokus terhadap pasien/pelanggan; memberikan perhatian tinggi terhadap pengelolaan dan pemberdayaan karyawan; mengembangkan; meningkatkan sistem dan proses dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan; serta melaksanakan upaya mutu berkelanjutan dengan menekankan pada pengukuran melalui indikator-indikator individu, unit maupun rumah sakit serta mengembangkan sistem informasi yang akurat.
Kata kunci : Mutu Rumah Sakit, TQM, Six SIGMA, Malcolm Baldridge
Background : Hospital as an organization working in the field of public health services increasingly demanded to provide better health services (Muchtar, 2011). Excellent service and quality will have an impact on patient satisfaction and impact on customer loyalty to the improvement of services offered. One measure of the achievement of the quality of a service is the loyalty of consumers. Charitas Hospital, there is a decline in customer loyalty from the year 2013 to 2015 by 80%. It was determined by a decrease in the quality indicators that BOR, LOS, TOI, GDR, NDR which dropped on the last three years (Data RS-Caritas, 2016). It is known that the quality management TQM and Six Sigma have each proven concepts and empirical as continuous quality improvement methods that can help improve the performance of organizations including hospitals. How is the quality of service at the Charitas Hospital observed from the criteria Malcolm Baldrige Criteria with the integration of TQM and Six Sigma approach?
Method : The method used is quantitative and qualitative research methods, combination of the research type Explenatory Sequential Design (Sugiyono, 2012), where the data collection and analysis consists of two phases: 1. The collection and analysis of quantitative data on the first stage (The data was collected through a questionnaire conducted to determine the quality of RK Charitas Hospital services, through the use of Baldrige Criteria) 2. the collection and analysis of qualitative data in the second phase (conducting interviews to get a fuller picture of the data collected through questionnaires). v
Results : From the research results, obtained all the variables (Leadership, Strategic Planning, Customer Focus, Focus Human Resources, Process Focus, Measurementanalysis and knowledge management) had a significant association in influencing the performance of the hospital. Obtained from seven Malcolm Baldridge criteria, there are three variables that have a total value above the average, and four criterias have a value below the total average. From the results, the leadership variable is a variable that have the lowest average value compared to other variables. In the leadership variable, assessed a leadership role in transparency, supervision, regeneration in the future, as well as the planning and management processes were considered less optimal than strategy planning.
Conclusions : Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the quality of service of Charitas Hospital assessed based on the integration of TQM and Six Sigma approach Malcolm Baldridge, needs to be improved. Where there are 4 (four) variables that have an average value is lower than the total average value of 7 (seven) variables in the Malcolm Baldridge Criteria. Four of these criteria are leadership, strategic planning, human resources management, as well as measurement, analysis and mangement.Variable that needs great attention because it has the lowest value are leadership and strategic planning. In addition, based on the results of in-depth interviews, the greatest role in performance enhancement is the role of leadership. Judging from the results of the achievement of performance indicators Charitas Hospital which has decreased for the last three years, is not in line with the quantitative results achieved on hospital performance variable criteria, which produces a good value. One reason is the misalignment between the work program and the target unit with a strategic plan that has been set. This is confirmed through in-depth interviews, plan strategies that have been set are not thoroughly socialized into units. So the purpose of this work program are often found to be not in line with the strategic plan that has been set, which affects the perception of differences in the achievement of the unit's performance with the performance of the hospital as a whole. Also found no performance appraisal guidelines unit. So through this research are expected application of TQM and Six Sigma integration to achieve vi performance of hospitals through: increasing the role of leadership in the hospital; developing and implementing a strategic plan that is optimal; improving the ability to focus on patient/customer; giving high attention to the management and employee empowerment; developing, improving the systems and processes in service delivery; and implementing continuous quality efforts with emphasis on measuring through indicators of individual, unit or hospital and developing accurate information system.
Keywords : Hospital Quality, TQM, Six SIGMA, Malcolm Baldridge
Mutu pelayanan rumah sakit merupakan hal yang mutlak, yang telah menjadi kebutuhan bahkan tuntutan setiap masyarakat. Akreditasi rumah sakit yang menjadi sebuah kewajiban sebagai upaya penjaminan mutu pelayanan rumah sakit belum dapat memberikan kepastian bahwa seluruh layanan yang diberikan oleh rumah sakit bermutu. Peneliti menggunakan 7 (Tujuh) Kriteria yang terdapat dalam Malcolm Baldrige Health Care Criteria for Performance Excellence untuk mengetahui mutu pelayanan Rumah Sakit Bhineka Bakti Husada yang telah lulus akreditasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kombinasi, yaitu penggunaan analisa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil-hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa mutu pelayanan rumah sakit berdasarkan Kriteria Malcolm Baldrige tidak hanya ditentukan melalui pemenuhan terhadap komponen input dan proses saja sebagaimana penilaian dalam akreditasi, tetapi mutu yang baik mengharuskan tercapainya hasil-hasil terbaik bagi pasien, karyawan maupun organisasi rumah sakit itu sendiri. Akreditasi menjadi bagian penting untuk mewujudkan komitmen rumah sakit dalam penjaminan mutu, namun rumah sakit tidak boleh berhenti untuk tetap melakukan upaya manajemen mutu terpadu (Total Quality Management).
Quality of hospital services is an absolute must, which has become a necessity even the public demands. Hospital accreditation that became a liability as an effort to guarantee the quality of hospital services can?t provide assurance that all services provided by the hospital is better than the other. Researchers used 7 (Seven) criteria contained in the Malcolm Baldrige Health Care Criteria for Performance Excellence to recognize quality service at Bhineka Bakti Husada Hospital who have passed the accreditation. The method used in this study is a combination of methods, namely the use of quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The results obtained in this study illustrate that the quality of hospital services is based on Malcolm Baldrige criteria are not only determined through compliance with the component input and process it as assessment in accreditation, the good quality requires the achievement of best outcomes for patients, employees and the hospital organization itself. Accreditation to be an important part of the hospital's commitment in quality assurance, but the hospital shouldn?t stop efforts to keep the total quality management.
