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ABSTRAK Nama : Nurchajatie Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Judul           :Model Prediksi Perubahan  Status  Gizi  Pasien  Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2  Di Ruang Rawat Inap RSUP Fatmawati Tahun 2018. Pembimbing : Ir. Ahmad Syafiq, M.Sc, Ph.d Status gizi kurang akibat  malnutrisi rumah sakit merupakan  penurunan status gizi karena kurangnya asupan  atau  daya terima makanan selama perawatan, dan menjadi masalah gizi pasien di rawat inap dan  sering mendapat sorotan. Status gizi kurang seringkali dijadikan prediksi lama rawat pasien di rumah sakit. Malnutrisi rumah sakit atau penurunan status gizi selain akibat dari kekurangan asupan makanan, peningkatan kebutuhan sehubungan dengan kondisi penyakitnya dan juga  kepuasan terhadap pelayanan gizi, umur, jenis kelamin, selera makan, dan kepatuhan diet. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui model prediksi perubahan status gizi pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian perubahan status gizi berdasarkan IMT rata-rata -0,2 ± 0,3 kg/m 2 . Dari hasil analisis regresi linier multivariate diperoleh model prediksi perubahan status gizi = - 0,764 + 0,004*Asupan Makan - 0,01*Kepatuhan diet – 0,014*Kepuasan terhadap pelayanan gizi + 0,011*Selera makan. Kesimpulan: Apabila asupan makan , nilai skor  kepatuhan diet, nilai skor kepuasan terhadap pelayanan gizi serta nilai skor selera makan menurun, maka perubahan status gizi akan semakin negatif (menurun) dan asupan  makan merupakan variabel yang berpengaruh dalam perubahan status gizi pasien DM tipe 2. Kata kunci: perubahan status gizi, diabetes melitus , malnutrisi rumah sakit.

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ABSTRACT Name : Nurchajatie Study Program : Public Health Title                             : Prediction Model of the Change in Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Diabetes Melitus (type 2)  Patients in Fatmawati General Hospital in  2018. Counsellor : Ir. Ahmad Syafiq, M.Sc, Ph.d Lack of nutrition caused by malnutrition during hospitalization is a decreasing nutritional status which is caused by lack of intake or the decreasing ability to accept food intake during hospitalization and  become a nutrition problem for a patient of which often  becomes focus of attention. Patient's lack of nutrition is often used to predict the length of treatment in the hospital. Malnutrition or decreasing nutrition status caused by lack of food intake, moreover caused by increasing need related to the condition of the sickness and also the satisfaction toward the services in nutrition provision, age, sex, appetite, and diet obedience. The main research objective is to know the model of prediction in the change  of nutritional status of diabetes mellitus type 2. This research is an analytical observational research using cross sectional approach. The research result in the change of nutritional status is based on average IMT -0.2 ± 0.3 kg/m2. From the result of multivariate linear regression, it is obtained the prediction model of the change in nutritional status = -0.764 + 0.004*Food intake - 0.01*Diet obedience - 0.014*Satisfaction towards services in nutrition provision + 0.011*Appetite. Conclusion: if the food intake, the score of satisfaction towards services in nutrition provision, and the score of eating appetite are decreasing, then the change in nutritional status tends to be more negative (decreasing) and the food intake is an influential variable in the change of DM type 2 patient's nutritional status. Key words: change in nutritional status, diabetes mellitus, hospital malnutrition.

Abstrak: Tingkat kepatuhan diet di Indonesia rata-rata masih rendah. Diet dalam menjaga makanan seringkali menjadi kendala karena masih tergoda dengan segala makanan yang dapat memperburuk kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan diet pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross-sectional. Sampel yang diteliti adalah seluruh penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan rentang usia 25-65 tahun yang sedang rawat jalan, sampel diambil dengan metode non-random sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 130 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengukuran antropometri, pengisian kuesioner, form food recall 1x24 jam dan semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 13,8% responden yang patuh diet. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kepatuhan diet diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan jenis kelamin (p=0,008) dan lama menderita (p=0,044). Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan lama menderita merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan diet diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penderita diabetes melitus diharapkan untuk memperhatikan pola makan yang dianjurkan dan melaksanakannya dengan baik, mampu secara aktif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuannya terkait penyakit diabetes melitus dan faktor-faktor terkait lainnya dan tetap mempertahankan pola makan yang sudah dijalankan bagi yang sudah lama menderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.
Kata kunci: Diabetes mellitus tipe 2, kepatuhan diet, karakteristik individu, faktor psikososial

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The level of dietary adherence in Indonesia is still low. Diet in maintaining food is often become an obstacles because the patient is still tempted by all food that can worsen their health. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that associated with dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study was using a cross-sectional design. The samples studied were all type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 with the age range 25-65 years was outpatient, samples were taken with non-random sampling method with purposive sampling of 130 people. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements, filling-out questionnaires, 1x24 hour food recall and dan (semi- quantitative food frequency questionnaire) SFFQ form. The results showed 13.8% of respondents were diet-compliant. There were significant relationship between gender (p=0.008) and length of suffering (p=0.044) with between dietary adherence. The result of logistic regression test showed that the duration of suffering is the dominant factor associated with dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were expected to pay attention to the diet recommended and carry it out well, to actively to improve the knowledge related to the disease diabetes mellitus and related to the other factors and still preserve diet that has been run for who has long been suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dietary adherence, individual characteristics, psychosocial factors

Abstrak: Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa darah akibat kelainan pada sekresi insulin, aksi insulin, atau keduanya. Tingginya kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes berhubungan dengan kerusakan jangka panjang, disfungsi, dan kegagalan pada beberapa organ tubuh terutama mata, ginjal, jantung, saraf, dan pembuluh darah. Kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor seperti asupan, aktivitas fisik, dan lainlain. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan proporsi kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes berdasarkan aktivitas fisik dan faktor lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada penderita diabetes di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu pada bulan April 2018. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan jumlah sampel 110 orang. Kadar glukosa darah diketahui melalui catatan medik responden, aktivitas fisik dan asupan diketahui melalui kuesioner aktivitas fisik (GPAQ) dan Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 57,3% penderita diabetes memiliki kadar glukosa darah terkontrol. Uji chi-square menyatakan bahwa variabel aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan minum obat, asupan serat, durasi penyakit, dan stres memiliki perbedaan bermakna dengan kadar glukosa darah. Untuk meningkatkan angka kadar glukosa darah terkontrol pada penderita diabetes, disarankan untuk diberikan edukasi mengenai aktivitas fisik, kepatuhan minum obat, asupan serat, dan manajemen terhadap stres apabila diperlukan kepada penderita diabetes.
Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus, kadar glukosa darah, aktivitas fisik, asupan serat

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. High blood levels in diabetics are associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of some organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, heart, nerves, and blood vessels. Blood glucose levels of diabetics can be influenced by various factors such as intake, physical activity, and others. This study aims to see the differences proportion of blood glucose levels in diabetics based on physical activity and other factors. The study was conducted on diabetics at Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu on April 2018. The design of this study is cross-sectional with a total sample of 110 people. Blood glucose levels are known through the medical records of respondents, physical activity and intake are known through physical activity questionnaires (GPAQ) and Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). The results showed that 57.3% of diabetics had controlled blood glucose levels. Chisquare test showed that physical activity, medication adherence, fiber intake, duration of disease, and stress have significant differences with blood glucose levels. To increase the rate of controlled blood glucose in diabetics, it is recommended to be educated about physical activity, fiber intake, and management of stress (if necessary) in diabetics.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose level, physical activity, fiber intake

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