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One of the nutritional problems in children under five is the main priority is stunting.Stunting in toddlers is caused by chronic malnutrition from the beginning ofdevelopment where the consequences are permanent. Stunting problems can have long-term effects on individuals and communities, including reduced cognitive, physical,productive and poor health, and an increased risk of degenerative diseases. The purposeof this study was to determine factors related to stunting incidence in toddlers in WestSumatera Province in 2017. This study uses secondary data Monitoring Nutrition Statusof West Sumatera Province with cross sectional study design and 6421 children underfive years old. Processing and data analysis using chi-square test (bivariate) andmultiple logistic regression test prediction model (multivariate). The result of statisticaltest shows that there is a significant relationship between toddler age, sex, mother'sheight, mother education, number of household member and residence area withstunting in children. Toddler age is the most dominant factor with stunting incidence intoddlers. It is recommended to support the improvement of public nutritionimprovement program budget in the effort to overcome the problem of stunting andarrange the program activity according to the need in the field and pay attention to thenutritional requirement of children according to the age stage.Keywords: Stunting, Toddler 0-59 month, West Sumatera.
Population and family planning development makes serious effort to improvethe quality and control the quantity of Indonesians. Data (Susenas, 2015) show thenumber of contraceptive use decreased from 61.75% by 2014 to 59.98% by 2015, inline with the improvement of unmet need for contraception from 10.98% by 2014 to15.8% by 2016 (SRPJMN, 2016). Unmet need for contraception is an inconsistency ofcontraceptive requirement or known in this research as type 1 unmet need. Besides thetype 1 unmet need there is type 2 unmet need that is mismatch of contraception usage.This study aims to know factors related to type 1 unmet need and type 2 unmet need forcontraception of family planning in West Sumatra Province. This was a study using datafrom National Mid-Term Development Plan Survey (SRPJMN) of West Sumatra for theyear 2017. We used the multinomial logistic regression to analyze the data for 1,180couples of reproductive age. The categories of dependent variable were type 1 unmetneed, type 2 unmet need, and met need. Independent variables consists of predisposingfactors and supporting factors. The results show the majority (58.5%) of subjects aged >35 years, number of children ≤ 2 (57.7%), and living in rural area (60.9%). Theproportion of type 2 unmet need (29.7%) is higher than type 1 unmet need (22.2%). Themultivariate analysis shows that variables related to type 1 unmet need were residence(OR = 1.4), counseling (OR = 4.2), education (1.7), and family planning health workervisit (OR = 0.6). While variables related to type 2 unmet need were residence (OR =1.4) and counseling (OR = 3.2). The most dominant variable associated with type 1unmet need and type 2 unmet need was counseling. Recommendations are addressed tofamily planning health workers in order to improve quality in family planning services,collaborate with religious leaders and community leaders to commit effectivecounseling so it can improve the needs of contraception and rational use of familyplanning.Keywords: type 1 unmet need, type 2 unmet need, family planning, RPJMN, WestSumatra.
Tesis ini membahas keterkaitan persiapan orang tua pada keluarga childbearing terhadap kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Solok yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2024 untuk mencari hubungan dan penjelasan mengenai kemungkinan faktor risiko terjadinya kasus stunting. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain kasus kontrol (case control). Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan di komunitas melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 184 orang ibu anak balita usia 24-59 bulan yang terdiri dari 92 orang ibu anak stunting dan 92 orang ibu anak tidak stunting di Kabupaten Solok, menggunakan teknik sampling acak bertingkat (multi-stage sampling) tahap dua. Pengolahan data melalui tahap editing, coding, processing, dan cleaning. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa persiapan orang tua memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian stunting (p=0.05) di Kabupaten Solok. Orang tua dengan persiapan yang kurang baik memiliki peluang 2,92 kali lebih tinggi untuk memiliki anak stunting (OR=2.92 95% 1.38-6.19) dibandingkan orang tua dengan persiapan yang baik. Variabel karakteristik sosial demografi ibu yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting adalah faktor tingkat pendidikan ibu (p=0.008) serta Tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga KS III dan III plus (p=0.049). Ibu yang hanya menempuh pendidikan hingga jenjang SMP atau kurang berpeluang 2,26 kali lebih tinggi untuk memiliki anak stunting (OR=2.26 95% 1.24-4.10). Ibu yang berada di Keluarga Sejahtera III dan III plus berpeluang 0,45 kali lebih tinggi untuk memiliki anak tidak stunting (OR=0.45 95% 0.20-1.00). Sedangkan faktor umur ibu saat melahirkan, riwayat kehamilan, interval persalinan, tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga, status tempat tinggal, dan status sanitasi tempat tinggal tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status sanitasi tempat tinggal merupakan variabel confounding hubungan persiapan orang tua dengan kejadian stunting. Dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status sanitasi tempat tinggal yang serupa, orang tua dengan persiapan kurang baik berpeluang 2,82 kali lebih tinggi memiliki anak stunting (OR=2.82 95% 1.282-6.218).
This thesis discusses the relationship between parental preparation in childbearing families and the incidence of stunting in Solok Regency, West Sumatra Province in 2024 to find relationships and explanations regarding possible risk factors for stunting cases. Quantitative research method with case-control design. Primary data collection was conducted in the community through interviews using questionnaires. The sample of this study was 184 mothers of toddlers aged 24-59 months consisting of 92 mothers of stunted children and 92 mothers of non-stunted children in Solok Regency, using a second-stage multi-stage sampling technique. Data processing through editing, coding, processing, and cleaning stages. Data analysis was carried out univariately, bivariately and multivariately. This study found that parental preparation had a significant relationship with the incidence of stunting (p = 0.05) in Solok Regency. Parents with poor preparation have a 2.92 times higher chance of having stunted children (OR=2.92 95% 1.38-6.19) compared to parents with good preparation. The socio-demographic characteristics of mothers that are related to the incidence of stunting are the mother's education level (p=0.008) and the family welfare level of KS III and III plus (p=0.049). Mothers who only have education up to junior high school level or less have a 2.26 times higher chance of having stunted children (OR=2.26 95% 1.24-4.10). Mothers who are in Family Welfare III and III plus have a 0.45 times higher chance of having non-stunted children (OR=0.45 95% 0.20-1.00). Meanwhile, the factors of mother's age at delivery, pregnancy history, delivery interval, family welfare level, residential status, and residential sanitation status are not related to the incidence of stunting. The level of maternal education and the sanitation status of the residence are confounding variables in the relationship between parental preparation and the incidence of stunting. With similar levels of maternal education and sanitation status of the residence, parents with poor preparation are 2.82 times more likely to have stunted children (OR=2.82 95% 1,282-6,218).
The number of women who is infected by HIV is 16.0 million. Moreover, 3.2million from 36.7 million number who infected by HIV are children (<15 yearsold) (WHO, 2015). Prevention of mother-child transmission is one of HIV-infected. From 2000 until 2015 the decreased number of people who are infectedby HIV down to 35% resulting from HIV prevention. One of the gold standards inprevention programs is HIV examination for pregnant women. West JavaProvince included in three largest provinces of HIV cases, primary health carecenter in Cicalengka and Rancaekek are providing HIV test service. The aims ofthis study are related to HIV test behavior in pregnant women. A cross-sectionaldesign with questionnaire measurement was used in this study. The result ofregretion logistic shows that benefit perception (P = 0.021, OR = 0.299),information (P = 0.021, OR = 0.299), and health care provider support (P =0.021, OR = 0.299) are factors determinant in this study. Information factorresulting as most influencing factors in this study. Recommended to thedepartment of health and public health center is to improve the promotion of HIVusing electronic media to help the community.Keywords: Pregnant women, HIV, PMTCT, and Test.
Kata kunci: Komplikasi persalinan, wanita usia subur
