Ditemukan 25318 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
ABSTRAK Nama : Dinar Ayu Saraswati Program Studi : Epidemiologi Judul : Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Miopia pada Mahasiswa FKM UI Tahun 2018 Pembimbing : Prof. dr. Nuning Maria Kiptiyah, MPH, Dr.PH Latar Belakang : Miopia merupakan kelainan refraksi mata yang paling umum ditemukan dan dapat diperbaiki dengan menggunakan kacamata koreksi. Cut off point yang biasa digunakan untuk menentukan status miopia adalah -0,50 D. Prevalensi miopia diperkirakan mencapai 50% dari total populasi dunia pada tahun 2050. Faktor genetik dari keturunan dan faktor lingkungan diduga menjadi penyebab miopia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan kejadian miopia pada mahasiswa S1 Reguler FKM UI tahun 2018. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan sampel 259 responden mahasiswa S1 Reguler FKM UI tahun 2018. Faktor yang diteliti adalah riwayat miopia orang tua, kebiasaan bekerja jarak dekat dan durasi berada di luar ruangan dan terpapar sinar matahari. Hasil : Proporsi miopia dalam penelitian ini adalah 65,3%. Hasil analisis penelitian dengan uji cox-regression menunjukkan bahwa jarak membaca materi cetak (PR = 1,649; p value = 0,012 ; 95% CI 1,117 – 2,434) dan jarak menggunakan gadget (PR = 2,319 ; p value = 0,007 ; 95% CI 1,258 – 4,273) berhubungan dengan kejadian miopia. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat jarak menggunakan gadget menjadi satu-satunya faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian miopia. Kesimpulan : Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian miopia pada mahasiswa S1 reguler FKM UI tahun 2018 adalah jarak membaca materi cetak dan jarak menggunakan gadget.
Saran : Perlu ada variasi pengukuran dalam mengukur faktor risiko untuk mengetahui faktor penyebab yang paling tepat untuk kejadian miopia.
ABSTRACT Name : Dinar Ayu Saraswati Study Program : Epidemiology Title : Determinant Factors of Miopia in College Students of Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia 2018 Counsellor : Prof. dr. Nuning Maria Kiptiyah, MPH, Dr.PH Background : Myopia is the most common refractive error and can be corrected by using correction lens. Myopia defined by shpherical equivalent lower or equal to -0,50 D. Holden (2013) predicted that 50% of world population will develop myopia. Genetic engaged with hereditary and environmental factors were predicted as determinant factors of myopia. The aim of this study is to investigate potential factors that associated with the presence of myopia in college undergraduate students of Public Health Faculty Universitas Indonesia. Methods : A cross-sectional study of 259 conscripts. All conscripts was screened using autorefractors and trial lens set and filled out online questionnaire. Dependent variables in this study are parents’ myopia, near work habits and outdoor-and-exposed-by-sunlight’s duration. Analysis was performed using cox-regression model method on SPSS 17. Results : The prevalence of myopia in this study was 65,3%. Bivariate analysis showed that distance when reading printed material (PR = 1,649; p value = 0,012 ; 95% CI 1,117 – 2,434) and distance when using gadget (PR = 2,319 ; p value = 0,007 ; 95% CI 1,258 – 4,273) were associated with myopia. Multivariate analysis using cox-regression method showed that distance when using gadget was the only factors that associated with myopia. Conclussions : Distance when reading printed material and using gadget were associated with myopia in college undergraduate students of Public Health Faculty Universitas Indonesia.
Suggestions : Need a various measurements of risk factors of myopia to discover the most accurate risk factors of myopia.
Currently, Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria have infected about a quarter of the world's population that spreads through the air and Indonesia is one of the countries with a high burden of tuberculosis. 4 out of 6 provinces in Java are included in the 10 provinces with the highest prevalence of pulmonary TB, namely Banten, West Java, DKI Jakarta, and Central Java with the prevalence of pulmonary TB above 0.4 which is the Indonesian average. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and environmental conditions with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the population aged 15 years in Java Island in 2018. The study design used was cross-sectional using Riskesdas 2018 data. used are 216,098 respondents. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate with chi-square test. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the variables that had a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis were gender, nutritional status, education level, smoking, number of family members, main room lighting, kitchen lighting, living room lighting, presence of main bedroom window, presence of kitchen windows, main bedroom ventilation, and kitchen. It is important to increase public knowledge related to the transmission and prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis, including providing education about the criteria for healthy homes, as well as increasing case finding surveillance by increasing the empowerment of health cadres.
Kata Kunci: Pre hipertensi, Hipertensi, Faktor Risiko
According to Riskesdas 2013 and 2018, the highest prevalence of pneumonia in childrenunder five are the children aged 12-23 months. This study aims to identify the prevalenceand factors associated with pneumonia among children aged 12-23 months in Jawa Island.The study design used for this study is cross sectional with total sample of 2.695 children.Bivariate analysis is performed to identify factors associated with pneumonia. The resultsshow the prevalence of pneumonia among children aged 12-23 months is 5,5%. Measlesimmunization is significantly associated with pneumonia (POR= 1,743; 95% CI= 1,077-2,822). This study supports the importance of measles vaccination to prevent pneumonia.Intervention that can be implemented by the government is increasing measlesimmunization coverage through measles vaccination campaigns.Key words:Children Aged 12-23 Months, Pneumonia, Jawa Island.
