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Kata Kunci : Evaluasi, Eliminasi malaria
Malaria Elimination is an effort to stop local malaria transmission in a certain geographical area. The effort of malaria elimination can be monitored by using Annual Parasite Incidence (API) indicator. The usefulness of API is to recognize the malaria incidence in a certain area within one year. The decrease of API is more valuable if it is followed by the increase of Annual Blood Examination Rate (ABER). Thus the decrease of ABER does not mean the decrease of malaria incidence. Besides ABER, Slide Positivity Rate (SPR) is also used to see the magnitude of infection level on a certain population. The SPR digit is more valuable if ABER is high. The Department of Health has made stages in eliminating malaria. They are pre elimination, elimination, and alimination and maintenance. In pre elimination stage, one of the conditions which has to be fullfiled is all health service units have been able to examine a case microscopically and all clinical patients of malaria in a health service unit have sufficient blood and the SPR is 5%. The SPR target has to be accoplished due to the function to see the magnitude of infection level in a certain population. In Musi Rawas Regency from years API has a decrase (0.15%) in 2016, but if it is investigated per districts. SPR has a change fluctuativelly and ABER remains low. This shows there is a problem which is not solved yet in order to eliminate malaria in Musi Rawas Regency. In the implementation program of malaria elimination, evaluation is a must to implement the malaria elimination in Musi Rawas Regency in 2020 so that the obstacles of human resource of the implementation of malaria elimination in Musi Rawas Regency reviews can be detected in 2018.
Keyword: evaluation,malaria elimination
Latar Belakang: Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) merupakan inisiatif strategis untuk mengatasi masalah gizi dan kemiskinan. Pelaksanaan awal program di Satuan Pelayanan Pemenuhan Gizi (SPPG) Muara Beliti ditandai dengan perubahan krusial dalam mekanisme pendanaan, dari sistem reimburse menjadi pembayaran di muka (upfront funding) yang diterapkan mulai April 2025, bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah keterlambatan pencairan dana dan mengurangi beban finansial mitra.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tantangan sistem pendanaan pada pelaksanaan awal Program MBG di SPPG Muara Beliti, meliputi perbandingan dua sistem pendanaan, kesiapan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), mekanisme pengajuan dan pengelolaan dana, dampak terhadap pelaksanaan program, serta persepsi pelaksana, guna menilai efektivitasnya.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di SPPG Muara Beliti, Kabupaten Musi Rawas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen.
Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan fundamental pada kedua sistem: sistem reimburse mewajibkan mitra menalangi biaya operasional di awal, sementara sistem pembayaran di muka menyalurkan dana sebelum kegiatan melalui virtual account. Namun, ditemukan kesenjangan kompetensi teknis SDM SPPG dalam penyusunan Laporan Pertanggungjawaban (LPJ) dan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) karena ketiadaan pelatihan formal dari Badan Gizi Nasional (BGN). Meskipun demikian, kelancaran operasional program (pengadaan bahan pangan, operasional, sewa) tidak terganggu oleh kedua sistem pendanaan, yang disebabkan oleh kapasitas finansial mitra pelaksana yang mampu menalangi dana talangan saat terjadi keterlambatan. Pelaksana program menilai sistem pembayaran di muka lebih efektif dan responsif, tetapi menyuarakan kekhawatiran mengenai risiko terhentinya program jika pencairan dana dari pusat terlambat dan mitra tidak lagi bersedia menalangi.
Kesimpulan dan Saran: Sistem pembayaran di muka dinilai lebih efektif, namun keberhasilan awal program sangat ditopang oleh peran dana talangan mitra. Disarankan agar BGN memastikan ketepatan waktu pencairan dana sesuai skema pembayaran di muka dan segera melaksanakan pelatihan teknis yang terstruktur untuk staf SPPG guna meningkatkan kapasitas SDM dan akuntabilitas program.
Background: The Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG) is a strategic initiative to address malnutrition and poverty. The initial implementation of the program at the Nutritional Fulfillment Service Unit (SPPG) Muara Beliti was marked by a crucial change in the funding mechanism, shifting from a reimbursement system to upfront funding starting in April 2025, aimed at overcoming issues of delayed disbursement and reducing the financial burden on partners. Objective: This research aims to analyze the challenges of the funding system during the initial implementation of the MBG Program at SPPG Muara Beliti, covering a comparison of the two funding systems, the readiness of Human Resources (HR), the mechanism for fund submission and management, the impact on program execution, and the perceptions of implementers, in order to assess its effectiveness. Method: This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach at SPPG Muara Beliti, Musi Rawas Regency. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, observation, and document review. Results: There are fundamental differences between the two systems: the reimbursement system required partners to front the operational costs initially, while the upfront funding system channeled funds before activities through a virtual account. However, a gap was found in the technical competence of SPPG HR in preparing the Accountability Report (LPJ) and Budget Plan (RAB) due to the absence of formal training from the National Nutrition Agency (BGN). Nevertheless, the smooth operation of the program (procurement of food ingredients, distribution, rent) was not disrupted by either funding system, which was attributed to the financial capacity of the implementing partners who were able to cover the bridging funds when delays occurred. Program implementers considered the upfront funding system to be more effective and responsive but voiced concerns about the risk of the program stalling if fund disbursement from the central government was delayed and partners were no longer willing to cover the shortfall. Conclusion and Suggestion: The upfront funding system is considered more effective, but the program's initial success was heavily supported by the role of bridging funds from partners. It is recommended that the BGN ensure timely fund disbursement according to the upfront payment scheme and immediately conduct structured technical training for SPPG staff to enhance HR capacity and program accountability.
Accreditation of public health centers is an effort and performance enhancement publichealth centers services as listed in the Permenkes 46/2015. From 38 public healthcenters in Brebes District, just 10 public health centers are accredited. The basis of thefiling of a roadmap of accreditation of public health centers in Brebes District only uponappointment directly, without measuring the readiness of public health centers both interms of completeness, valuation assessment documents, as well as the availability ofresources includes human resources, funds and facilities infrastructure standardinstrument of accreditation of public health centers. The purpose of this research is toknow accreditation readiness of public health centers in Brebes District reviewed theinput, process and output based on variable phase and readiness resources pre-accreditation survey. Qualitative research is the process of collecting data using in-depthinterviews conducted with the review document. The results showed that the availabilityof funds and infrastructure are rated quite ready to support, but the public health centersaccreditation assessment skoring assessment results on the fulfillment of humanresource competency and the completeness of the documents is still low. A proposedrecommendation is a qualified human resource competencies, and complete paperworkand do a self assessment regularly and scheduled.
The function of the Puskesmas is to organize Individual Health Efforts (UKP) and Community Health Efforts (UKM). This study aims to analyze the implementation of UKP and UKM at puskesmas in Semarang City. The method used is a qualitative approach with primary data sources through in-depth interviews. As a triangulation, a document review was carried out in the form of regulations from the ministry of health, regulations from the health department, as well as supporting documents from the health centers where the research was located. This study uses a sistems theory approach with input variables (HR, costs, methods, and infrastructure), process (planning, mobilization, and implementation, as well as supervision, control, and assessment), and output (health center performance). The conclusion obtained is that the puskesmas has carried out the management of the puskesmas based on Permenkes no. 44 of 2016 concerning Guidelines for Management of Community Health Centers. The Puskesmas has been good in implementing UKP and UKM with available human resources, costs, and facilities. However, there are still some obstacles encountered. HR that doesn't according to standards can be an obstacle to the implementation of UKP and SMEs. Based on the results of existing research, the recommendation for the implementation of UKP and UKM in the Puskesmas is the need for an integrated evaluation for activities carried out by UKP and UKM. Fulfillment of HR to meet standards can be done by appointing non-ASN HR using BOK or BLUD funds
Tuberculosis is a contagious disease that causes high morbidity and mortality rates and have becoming 10 deadly diseases in the world in 2015. WHO have been estimating the total of 10,4 million new TB cases at the global level in 2017. There are 425.089 new TB cases have been found in Indonesia. The largest number of TB cases has been reported in Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, and Jawa Tengah which has precentage 43% of all Province. The TB cases in Kabupaten Bogor is about 8.099 cases. In one year, the number of patients with pulmonary TB BTA (+) in the year of 2017 is 3861 people. At the same time, the number of recovery patients with pulmonary TB has decreased from 97% (2015) to 82% (the second quarter in 2018). This Research is intended to ascertain how to implement pulmonary Tuberculosis Disease Countermeasures Program in Puskesmas on Kabupaten Bogor during 2020. The research encompass in many aspect from input component until output component. It’s use qualitative study with data collection through indepth interview, observation and review of documentation. The research data is acquired from 6 puskesmas and Public Health Office in Kabupaten Bogor in range March – July 2020. The informant consist of 6 Heads of Puskesmas, 6 tuberculosis focal persons, 6 laboratory technicians, 6 promkes officer and 1 wasor TB in Public Health Office. The result form this research show that Puskesmas Sukarja and Cibaruyut have met the target at above 70% Suspected Case numbers. Puskesmas Ciawi, Puskesmas Cinagara and Puskesmas Karya Mekar have not reached the target for case founding. The target of successful rate has been fulfilled in Puskesmas Cimandala, Puskesmas Sukaraja and Puskesmas Karyamekar, but not yet in Puskesmas Ciburayut, Puskesmas Ciawi and Puskesmas Cinagara. Puskesmas Cimandala and Puskesmas Sukaraja are quite successful in the TB Programme due to the fulfillment of adequately trained human resources, adequate infrastructure, sufficient funding, integrated of system information, collaboration on sectoral program – cross sectoral and good management in Puskesmas. Puskesmas Karya Mekar and Puskesmas Cinagara have not reached the target due to insufficient of trained human resource, inadequate infrastructures, collaboration of cross sector are not optimally implemented and leak education about health information to the public. The recommendation from this research is that the success achieved through supporting factors can be applied to the other Puskesmas in Kabupaten Bogor.
