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ABSTRAK Nama : Hasanah Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Judul : Uji Kontaminasi Salmonella sp. Pada Makanan di Tempat Pengelolaan Makanan (TPM) Wilayah Kerja Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan di Jakarta Tahun 2018 Pembimbing : Dr. Dra. Dewi Susanna, M.Kes Xviii + 139 halaman, 35 tabel, 12 gambar, 8 lampiran Pelabuhan laut merupakan pintu gerbang masuknya mobilitas barang dan manusia sehingga berpotensi terjadinya transmisi penyebaran penyakit terutama melalui makanan. Salmonella merupakan bakteri patogen yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit akibat bawaan makanan (foodborne diseases). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kontaminasi bakteri Salmonella sp. pada makanan dan mendapatkan informasi mendalam higiene sanitasi pengolahan makanan oleh penjamah makanan serta gambaran titiktitik kritis proses pengolahan makanan di Tempat Pengelolaan Makanan (TPM) wilayah kerja Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan di Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional dan Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) serta pendekatan sistem Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) yang dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Mei 2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 72 TPM, penjamah makanan serta satu jenis makanan pada tiap TPM. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan berbentuk teks narasi serta diagram alir untuk HACCP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 72 sampel makanan yang diperiksa tidak teridentifikasi keberadaan bakteri Salmonella sp. Proses pengolahan makanan oleh penjamah makanan mulai pemilihan bahan baku, penyimpanan, pemasakan yang matang dan penyajian yang singkat menyebabkan bakteri tidak berkembang dan tumbuh. Titik kritis yang paling penting pada pemasakan, penyimpanan dan pemasakan ulang. Dibutuhkan pelatihan untuk penjamah makanan dalam menangani proses pengolahan makanan sesuai standar permenkes selama penanganan dan penyajian di TPM wilayah kerja KKP untuk mencegah kontaminasi mikroba pada makanan. Kata kunci: Foodborne diseases, Salmonella sp., penjamah makanan, kontaminasi, HACCP
ABSTRACT Name : Hasanah Study Program : Public Health Science Title : Salmonella sp. contamination test on food at the food manufacturing factory in the working area of The Port Health Office in Jakarta, 2018 Counsellor : Dr. Dra. Dewi Susanna, M.Kes Xviii + 139 pages, 35 tables, 12 pictures, 8 attachments Seaport is the gateway for mobility of goods and people so that there is a high potential for transmission and spread of disease especially through food. Salmonella is a pathogenic bacteria that can cause foodborne diseases. This study aims to describe the contamination of Salmonella sp. bacteria on food and get in-depth information on hygiene sanitation of food processing by food handlers and description of critical points of food processing in small scale of food manufacturing factory (TPM) working area of a Port Health Office. This research uses quantitative and qualitative method with cross sectional approach and Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system approach conducted in April - May 2018. The total samples are 72 food places, food handlers and one food type in each TPM. The data is analyzed using univariat analysist and narrative text form as well as flowchart for HACCP. Salmonella bacteria laboratory test results are negative on all types of food samples tested. Food processing by food handlers; the selection of raw materials, storage, ripening and short serving; causes the bacteria does not develop and grow. The most critical point is in the cooking, storage and reheating process. It needs training for food handlers at TPM working area of KKP in food processing (handling and serving the food) according to the standard of Minister of Health Regulation to prevent microbial contamination on food. Key words: Foodborne diseases, Salmonella sp., food handlers, contamination, HACCP
Makanan jajanan pada Kantin Sekolah Dasar memiliki potensi yang sangat besar dalam pemenuhan gizi anak sekolah, disamping itu juga memiliki tingkat kerawanan yang dapat menimbulkan kasus keracunan makanan apabila tidak dilakukan pembinaan yang maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kontaminasi E.coli pada makanan jajanan di Kantin Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional pada 65 Kantin Sekolah Dasar Negeri dan Swasta di Wilayah Jakarta Pusat pada bulan April-Mei Tahun 2009. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi square. Kontaminasi E.coli positif pada makanan sebesar 37 (56,92%), pada minuman sebesar 40 (61,54%), pada makanan dan minuman sebesar 49 (75,4%), kualitas E.coli air bersih yang tidak memenuhi syarat sebesar 27 (41,5%). Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kontaminasi E.coli dengan penyimpanan makanan matang dengan OR=6,783, penyajian makanan dengan OR=6,188, fasilitas sanitasi dengan OR=9,214 dan tenaga penjamah makanan dengan OR=7,407 dengan risiko sebesar 37,08 Disarankan untuk dilakukan peningkatan program usaha kesehatan sekolah (UKS), perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat kepada para pedagang dan anak sekolah, serta menyediakan fasilitas sanitasi dan penyajian makanan yang memenuhi syarat di Kantin Sekolah Dasar.
Nibbles food at the primary school's canteen has two differences side, in one hand, it has known as a potential role in fulfilling the nutrition of the school age children, but in another hand, it has also a potential role for the entry point to a food poisoning cases if a proper food management has not been maximally applied. The purpose of the study is to find out the factors related to E. coli contamination on nibbles food at the primary school's canteen. The study is using a cross-sectional design of 65 Public and Private Primary Schools at the area of Central Jakarta. Data are taken from April to May 2009. Chi-square is used as the statistic's test. The study results are that a positive E. coli contamination found 37 (56.92%) on nibble's food, 40 (61.54%) on drinks, and on both food and drinks are 49 (75.4%). The quality of E. coli in the water that fails to meet a good requirement is 27 (41.5%). There is significant relationship between E. coli contamination and cooked food storage with an OR at 6.783, food presentation with OR at 6.188, sanitation provision with an OR at 9.214, and food service attendant with an OR at 7.407 with risk at 37,08. It is suggested an increasing on the programs of Health School Program (UKS) and the Healthy and Clean Life Behavior Program (PHBS) intended for the canteen's vendors and the students itself, as well as to provide the sanitation facility and food performance management which meet the requirements for Primary School's canteen.
Kata Kunci: E. Coli, Penjamah makanan, Restoran, Bandara Soekarno Hatta
The purpose of this study was to analyze the contamination of E.coli inrestaurant in the area of Soekarno Hatta International Airport. Variables thatexamined in this study are including the hygiene of food handlers, locationand building, and the presence of vector. This study used a cross-sectionaldesign, using 44 restaurants in the area of Soekarno Hatta InternationalAirport in 2015, as samples. The result based on multivariate analysis showedthat the hygiene of food handlers (p=0.007, OR=10.340) and the location andbuilding (p=0.040, OR=16.237) shows the influence of E.coli contaminationon food. The results of the study also showed that all restaurants requiredadditional operational posters for food handlers showing the caution to alwayswash hands and to keep the workplace clean. The poster should also containreminder for food handlers to always use gloves, food tonges, and aprons toavoid direct contact between food handlers with the food to be served.
Keywords: E. Coli, Food Handler, Restaurant, Soekarno Hatta Airport.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa prilaku penjamah memenuhi syarat sebesar92,86, tpm yang memenuhi syarat sebesar 57,14% , cara pengolahan makanan yang memenuhi syarat sebesar 92,86%, peralatan makanan yang memenuhi syarat sebesar 100%. Hasil uji laboratorium didapatkan hasil usap tangan positif dan makanan yang positif e. coli sebesar 16,7%.
Hasil penelitian menyarankan kepada pengelola kantin melakukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut terhadap makanan dan air besih, melakukan pelatihan terhadap penjamah, dan menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung praktik higiene sanitasi makanan. Kata kunci: makanan, kontaminasi, higiene, sanitasi, e. coli
Human need for food is one of the key issues initiated by the un in the indicators of achievement of sutainable development goals (SDGS). Food is a source of life for humans and can also be a source of health problems. This research uses descriptive research method. Data collection using interview method, observation, and laboratory testing.
The result of the research showed that the behavior of eligible handlers was 92,86%, eligible fulfillment requirement was 92,86%, eligible food appliance was 100%. Laboratory test results obtained positive hand swabs and e. coli positive foods oF 16.7%.
The results suggested further examination of food and water, training of handlers, and creating environments that support hygiene practices food sanitation. Key words: food, hygiene, sanitation, contamination, e. coli
Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, kontaminasi makanan, kantin, sekolah dasar
School canteen food have an important role in completing the energy needs of primary school students, but if the food safety is not protected, the foods is potentially harmful to health. The objective of this research is to analyze factors affecting Escherichia coli bacteria contamination on the school canteen food at primary schools located in Beji Subdistrict. The design of this study is cross sectional. All the data collected in this research are primary data, which include the laboratory test results of 37 food samples and direct interview results with 37 food handlers using questionnaire. The research shown that 29,7% of food samples is contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. Bivariate analysis using chi-square shows that there are significant correlation between raw food materials selection (p=0,042) and food procession (p=0,003) with Escherichia coli bacteria contamination. However, other factors such as training, knowledge, behavior, hygiene and sanitation of cooking utensils, hygiene and sanitation of food serving place, raw food materials storage, and food serving have no significant correlation towards Escherichia coli bacteria contamination. Based on multivariate analysis using logistic regression, the most affecting factor of Escherichia coli bacteria contamination on the street food is food procession (p=0,005). Therefore, personal hygiene and food hygiene and sanitation training need to be conducted to the food handlers at Beji Subdistrict primary schools in order to minimize the Escherichia coli food contamination.
Key words: Escherichia coli, food contamination, canteen, primary school
