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Fauzan Karim; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Hendra, Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Lena Kurniawati, Syahrul Efendi PPanjaitan
Abstrak:
Sektor Usaha Unit Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Alas kaki merupakan salah satu sektor penting di dalam perekonomian masyarakat Indonesia. Namun sangat disayangkan, Aspek Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja belum dirasakan oleh pekerja UMKM alas kaki. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui gambaran aspek K3 apa saja yang telah diimplementasikan di UMKM alas kaki berserta faktor pendorong dan faktor penghambat di implementasikanya K3 di sector UMKM alas kaki. Penelitian ini adalah studi Kualitatif dengan mengambil data dan informasi melalui wawancara dan observasi di 7 UMKM alas kaki ciomas dan 6 UMKM alas kaki Cikupa dengan total 39 responden yang berasal dari pemilik dan pekerja. Hasil penelitian ini adalah beberapa responden pengrajin sepatu telah mengetahui bahaya dan risiko pekerjaan, belum tersedia Komitmen K3, pelaksanaan Housekeeping masih dibawah standard, APD tidak disediakan, Tidak ada SOP, minimnya Fasilitas , belum ada upaya pencegahan kebakaran, Tidak tersedia training dan orientasi, tidak tersedia kesiapan tanggap darurat, postur Kerja dan workstation tidak ergonomis. Pelatihan K3, Pemberian bantuan Pihak K3 / konsultan untuk Menjalankan K3, Pemberian Pedoman K3 dari Pemerintah menjadi faktor pendorong Dimplementasikannya K3 dan Pengetahuan dan Pemahaman yang minim terkait K3, Biaya untuk Implementasi K3, Informasi dan pemahaman Tidak adanya kewajiban dari Pemerintah menjadi faktor penghambat diimplementasikanya K3 di 7 UMKM alas kaki Ciomas dan 6 UMKM alas kaki Cikupa. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Implementasi K3 masih minim hampir disemua aspek K3 sehingga diperlukan penguatan aturan dan regulasi untuk mendukung implementasi K3 di sector UMKM alas kaki.
Kata kunci: K3 UMKM alas kaki, K3 alas Kaki Ciomas, K3 alas kaki Cikupa, Pendorong K3 UMKM, Penghambat K3 UMM
Footwear micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is one of important sectors in the Indonesian economy. However, various types of safety and health hazards are identified in their activities. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of safety & health aspects in footwear MSMEs, as well as investigating the driving factors and inhibiting factors in their implementation. This study was qualitative in nature through interviews and observations conducted at ciomas and Cikupa District, each 7 and 6 footwear workshops consecutively. Total respondent was 39 people, acting as owners and workers. It was found that there were no written safety & health commitments, even though the implementationof OSH at limited extend were observed. For instance, some MSMEs have improved ventilation systems, used cutting machines, manual handling aids, and isolation of dusty and noisy processes. Other aspects such as housekeeping, PPE, SOP, fire prevention facilities, training and orientation, ergonomic workstations need to be improved. Leadership directives, safety & health training, assistance from third party or OSH consultant, guidelines from the Government are driving factors for safety & health implementation in observed MSMEs; while the lack of knowledge on OSH and owner support as well as costs implication are found as inhibiting factors in OSH implementation.
Kata kunci: Safety SMe Footwear, Ciomas SMe Footwear, Cikupa SMe Footwear, Boosting SMe, Inhibiting SMe
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Kata kunci: K3 UMKM alas kaki, K3 alas Kaki Ciomas, K3 alas kaki Cikupa, Pendorong K3 UMKM, Penghambat K3 UMM
Footwear micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) is one of important sectors in the Indonesian economy. However, various types of safety and health hazards are identified in their activities. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of safety & health aspects in footwear MSMEs, as well as investigating the driving factors and inhibiting factors in their implementation. This study was qualitative in nature through interviews and observations conducted at ciomas and Cikupa District, each 7 and 6 footwear workshops consecutively. Total respondent was 39 people, acting as owners and workers. It was found that there were no written safety & health commitments, even though the implementationof OSH at limited extend were observed. For instance, some MSMEs have improved ventilation systems, used cutting machines, manual handling aids, and isolation of dusty and noisy processes. Other aspects such as housekeeping, PPE, SOP, fire prevention facilities, training and orientation, ergonomic workstations need to be improved. Leadership directives, safety & health training, assistance from third party or OSH consultant, guidelines from the Government are driving factors for safety & health implementation in observed MSMEs; while the lack of knowledge on OSH and owner support as well as costs implication are found as inhibiting factors in OSH implementation.
Kata kunci: Safety SMe Footwear, Ciomas SMe Footwear, Cikupa SMe Footwear, Boosting SMe, Inhibiting SMe
T-5487
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Mindalena; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Fatma Lestari, Hendra, Inne Nutfiliana, Harumiti Ramli
Abstrak:
Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan semakin meningkatnya jumlah pekerjainformal yang bekerja di sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM),akan tetapi minimnya kegiatan penilaian risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan kerjayang dilakukan di sektor tersebut padahal pekerja infomal jarang yangdiikutsertakan progam asuransi kesehatan/kecelakaan kerja.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko keselamatan dankesehatan kerja pada proses produksi pembuatan alas kaki di UMKM X, UMKMY, UMKM Z dan menentukan risiko tertingginya serta memberikan rekomendasitindakan pengendalian terhadap risiko yang teridentifikasi.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah semi kuantitatif dandeskriptif berdasarkan standar AS/NZS 4360:2004 dengan menggunakan metodeJob Safety Analysis untuk mengidentifikasi bahaya dan risiko dan metode Fineuntuk mengukur tingkat risiko dengan mengalikan antara kemungkinan, paparandan konsekuensi dari setiap risiko yang ada. Studi deskriptif dilakukan untukmenjelaskan tindakan pengendalian yang sudah dilakukan oleh masing-masingUMKM. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan metode PurposiveSampling, yakni semua pekerja yang berada di proses produksi pembuatan alaskaki di UMKM X, UMKM Y, UMKM Z.Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pada tahap proses produksi di UMKMX, UMKM Y, UMKM Z terdapat risiko yang termasuk ke dalam semua kategorimetode Fine, yaitu: Very High, Priority 1, Substansial, Priority 3, Acceptable.Risiko tertinggi (Very High) didapatkan dari penggunaan bahan kimia dan kabellistik yang tidak sesuai standar.
Kata kunci: UMKM, JSA, Metode Fine, kemungkinan, paparan, konsekuensi,risiko, AS/NZS 4360:2004
Research carried out because the increment number of informal workerswho work in the sector of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), butthere is lack of activity for health and safety risk assessment done in that sectorand workers rarely covered by health or accident insurance program.The research aims to determine the level of occupational safety and health risks inthe production process of making footwear in SMEs X, SMEs Y, SMEs Z anddetermine the highest risk and provide recommendations control measures againstthe identified risks.The method used in this research is semi-quantitative and descriptive basedon the standard AS/NZS 4360:2004 using the Job Safety Analysis method toidentify hazards and risks and Fine method for measuring the level of risk bymultiplying the probability, exposure and consequences of any risks. Descriptivestudy was conducted to elucidate the control measures already carried out by eachSME. Sample was conducted by purposive sampling method, ie all workers whoare in the process of production of the footwear in SMEs X, Y SMEs, SMEs Z.The results showed that at this stage of the production process in SMEs X, YSMEs, SME Z risks are included in all categories at Fine methods, namely: VeryHigh, Priority 1, Substantial, Priority 3, Acceptable. The highest risk (Very High)obtained from the use of chemicals and electric cables that do not meet standards.
Keywords: SMEs, JSA, Fine Method, probability, exposure, consequences, risk,AS/NZS 4360:2004.
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Kata kunci: UMKM, JSA, Metode Fine, kemungkinan, paparan, konsekuensi,risiko, AS/NZS 4360:2004
Research carried out because the increment number of informal workerswho work in the sector of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), butthere is lack of activity for health and safety risk assessment done in that sectorand workers rarely covered by health or accident insurance program.The research aims to determine the level of occupational safety and health risks inthe production process of making footwear in SMEs X, SMEs Y, SMEs Z anddetermine the highest risk and provide recommendations control measures againstthe identified risks.The method used in this research is semi-quantitative and descriptive basedon the standard AS/NZS 4360:2004 using the Job Safety Analysis method toidentify hazards and risks and Fine method for measuring the level of risk bymultiplying the probability, exposure and consequences of any risks. Descriptivestudy was conducted to elucidate the control measures already carried out by eachSME. Sample was conducted by purposive sampling method, ie all workers whoare in the process of production of the footwear in SMEs X, Y SMEs, SMEs Z.The results showed that at this stage of the production process in SMEs X, YSMEs, SME Z risks are included in all categories at Fine methods, namely: VeryHigh, Priority 1, Substantial, Priority 3, Acceptable. The highest risk (Very High)obtained from the use of chemicals and electric cables that do not meet standards.
Keywords: SMEs, JSA, Fine Method, probability, exposure, consequences, risk,AS/NZS 4360:2004.
T-4631
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Yenni Miranda Savira; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Hendra, Syahrul Efendi Panjaitan
S-10129
Depok : FKM UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Aditya Tetra Firdaussyah; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Hendra. Dadan Erwandi. Lena Kurniawati, Syahrul Efendi P.
Abstrak:
ABSTRAK UMKM adalah tempat kerja yang memiliki risiko terhadap keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja, namun seringkali dikesampingkan karena lebih berfokus pada keberlanjutan industri itu sendiri. Pengolahan kedelai beberapa proses yang memunculkan bahaya kesehatan dan keselamatan seperti permukaan panas, pengangkatan secara manual, posisi janggal, kontak dengan iritan, lingkungan kerja yang panas dan berbau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran implementasi K3 pada proses pengolahan kedelai. Aspek yang diobservasi adalah identitas UMKM, komitmen K3, kesehatan kerja, keselamatan fasilitas, alat pelindung diri, keselamatan operasional, tata graha, safety behaviour, higiene industri, ergonomi, pencegahan kebakaran, kegawat daruratan dan penanangan cemaran. Penelitian dilakukan pada 16 UMKM di Kota Depok, Kabupaten Serang, Kabupaten Bogor, Kota Jakarta Selatan dengan 24 pekerja sebagai responden. Penelitian didesain secara kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, dan wawancara terstrukur. Diperoleh bahwa tidak terdapat UMKM yang memiliki komitmen K3 secara tertulis, meskipun itikad perlindungan K3 kepada pekerja sudah terlihat. Beberapa UMKM pernah mengalami kecelakan kerja namun tidak tercatat atau dilaporkan secara formal. Dari beberapa aspek yang diamati, yang sudah diterapkan pada sebagian besar UMKM adalah keselamatan fasilitas, keselamatan operasional, pencegahan kebakaran dan penanganan limbah. Aspek yang belum diterapkan sama sekali adalah asuransi ketenagakerjaan, safety behaviour dan higiene industri. Sedang aspek K3 lainnya seperti ergonomi, tata graha, kegawatdaruratan diterapkan secara parsial. Faktor penghambat utama implementasi adalah kurangnya pengetahuan pada K3, faktor pendorong utama implementasi adalah pelatihan K3. Kedepanya, perlu untuk dilakukan pelatihan, pendampingan K3 dan evaluasi kinerja K3 di UMKM pengolahan kedelai. Kata kunci: K3 UMKM Pengolahan Kedelai, K3 UMKM, Faktor pendorong K3, Faktor Penghambat K3, UMKM Indonesia ABSTRACT There are potensial occupational health and safety risks at SMEs, however this risk are often overrided by bussiness sustainability issues. Soy beans processing involves number of activities such as soybeans stripping, washing, soaking, grinding, main process of soybeans and product packaging that creates health and safety hazards such as smoke, hot surfaces, manual handling, awkward position, irritant contact, hot temperature workplace, and smells. This study is aimed to obtain overview of OHS implementation. The study was conducted in Depok City, Serang Regency, Bogor Regency, South Jakarta City on 16 SME owners with 24 workers. The study was designed as qualitative research, data was collected through observation, and structured interviews. There are no SMEs have written OHS commitments, altough OHS protection intention been observed. Some of SME ever experienced in accidents, yet had not been formally recorded or reported. Several aspects observation shown that, facility safety, operational safety, fire prevention and waste handling has been well implemented. Several aspect such as worker insurance, safety behaviour, and industrial hygiene had not been well implemented. While other aspect such as ergonomi, houskeeping, and emergency response were implemented partially. The main obstacle factor implementing OHS in SME from this research was OHS knowledge deficient, while the main stimulant was OHS training. In the future, its required to implement training, coaching and OHS performance monitoring in soy processing SME. Key words: Soybean processing SME, OHS SME, OHS Obstacle Factor, OHS Stimulant Factor, Indonesia SME
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T-5490
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Dita Mayasari; Pembimbing: Indri Hapsari Susilowati; Penguji: Hendra, Irma Setiawaty Wulandari
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko individu, faktor risiko pekerjaan, faktor risiko lingkungan kerja, dan faktor risiko peralatan kerja terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja UMKM pengrajin alas kaki di Kecamatan Ciomas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional. Keluhan gangguan musculoskeletal dinilai dengan lembar penilaian Nordic Muskuloskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ).
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S-10731
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Yuansyah Arief; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Chandra Satrya, Yuliani Chafsah
Abstrak:
UMKM merupakan salah satu industri dengan risiko yang signifikan karenalemahnya implementasi penglolaan risiko. Penelitian ini menilai tingkat risikoyang ada di UMKM pembuatan busana muslim CV. A dan UMKM pembuatanboneka CV. AT tahun 2016. Penilaian risiko dilakukan dengan menganalisis nilaikemungkinan, pemajanan dan konsekuensi dari setiap bahaya yang teridentifikasirisiko menggunakan metode semi kuantiatif yang dikembangkan oleh W.T Fine.Diperoleh bahwa bahaya kelistrikan (instalasi) ; bahaya ergonomi (handling) ;bahaya kimia (pajanan fume) memiliki tingkat risiko very high. Bahaya mekanik(gerakan jarum) ; bahaya fisik (suhu ruangan) memiliki tingkat risiko priority 1.Bahaya kimia (pajanan debu ; pajanan solvent) ; bahaya gravitasi (tertimpa benda); bahaya fisik (pencahayaan) memiliki tingkat risiko substantial. Bahaya safety(penataan ruang) ; bahaya organisasi kerja (stress kerja) memiliki tingkat risikopriority 3. Bahaya mekanik (gerakan menggunting ; gerakan menyetrika) ; bahayafisik (tabung gas) memiliki tingkat risiko acceptable.
Kata kunci :ISO 31000, penilaian risiko, kemungkinan, pemajanan, konsekuensi, tingkatrisiko
SMEs workers are exposed to significant risk due to improper implementation atrisk management. This study aimed to evaluate the risk level at two tekstile SMEsby using risk assessment method developed by W.T Fine. It was found that veryhigh risk was associated with safety hazard (electricity) ; ergonomic hazard(handling) ; chemical hazard (fume exposure). Priority 1 risk was associated withmechanical hazard (seewing) ; physical hazard (temperature). Substantial risk wasassociated with chemical hazard (dust ; solvent) ; gravity hazard (struck down)physical hazard (lightning exposure). Priority 3 was associated with safety hazard(work area) ; work organization hazard (work stress). Acceptable risk wasassociated with mechanical hazard (scissoring ; ironing) ; physical hazard (gastube).
Key word :ISO 31000, risk assessment, probability, exposure, consequences, risk level.
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Kata kunci :ISO 31000, penilaian risiko, kemungkinan, pemajanan, konsekuensi, tingkatrisiko
SMEs workers are exposed to significant risk due to improper implementation atrisk management. This study aimed to evaluate the risk level at two tekstile SMEsby using risk assessment method developed by W.T Fine. It was found that veryhigh risk was associated with safety hazard (electricity) ; ergonomic hazard(handling) ; chemical hazard (fume exposure). Priority 1 risk was associated withmechanical hazard (seewing) ; physical hazard (temperature). Substantial risk wasassociated with chemical hazard (dust ; solvent) ; gravity hazard (struck down)physical hazard (lightning exposure). Priority 3 was associated with safety hazard(work area) ; work organization hazard (work stress). Acceptable risk wasassociated with mechanical hazard (scissoring ; ironing) ; physical hazard (gastube).
Key word :ISO 31000, risk assessment, probability, exposure, consequences, risk level.
S-9232
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nur Azizah Sofia; Pembimbing: Hendra; Penguji: L. Meily Kurniawidjaja, Eko Pudjadi
S-6538
Depok : FKM UI, 2011
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Widya Motivasi Manurung; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Hendra, Harumiti Ramli
Abstrak:
Masalah kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja di bengkel pembuatan alas kakidiakibatkan oleh lemahnya manajemen risiko, sehingga dibutuhkan pengkajianrisiko dalam rangka pengelolaan risiko. Penelitian ini berisi analisis risikokesehatan dan keselamatan kerja di Bengkel Pembuatan Alas Kaki Tahun 2016.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai tingkat risiko kesehatan dankeselamatan kerja pada setiap tahapan proses produksi alas kaki. Penilaian risikomenggunakan metode W.T. Fine yaitu dengan menganalisis nilai konsekuensi,pajanan dan kemungkinan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa level risiko yangdimiliki pada setiap langkah kerja meliputi level very high yaitu bahaya kimia,level priority 1 yaitu bahaya ergonomi dan bahaya mekanik, level substantialyaitu desain kerja (housekeeping), level priority 3 yaitu bahaya kinetik danacceptable yaitu bahaya psikososial.Kata kunci:Penilaian risiko, konsekuensi, panjanan, kemungkinan, tingkat risiko, metodeW.T. Fine
Occupational health and safety problems in small and medium enterprises arecaused by lack of risk management. This research aimed to assess the OHS risklevel at five small shoes industries. Risk assessment was done by implementingW.T Fine method to analyze risk level by scoring the level of probability,exposure and consequence. This study found that the risk of chemical hazard(solvent vapor from glue) was very high; the risk of ergonomic and mechanicalhazard were categorized as priority 1, the risk of poor housekeeping wassubstantial; the risk of kinetic hazard was priority 3; and the risk of psychosocialhazards was acceptable.Keywords:Risk assessment, consequence, exposure, probability, level of risk. W.T. Finemethod.
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Occupational health and safety problems in small and medium enterprises arecaused by lack of risk management. This research aimed to assess the OHS risklevel at five small shoes industries. Risk assessment was done by implementingW.T Fine method to analyze risk level by scoring the level of probability,exposure and consequence. This study found that the risk of chemical hazard(solvent vapor from glue) was very high; the risk of ergonomic and mechanicalhazard were categorized as priority 1, the risk of poor housekeeping wassubstantial; the risk of kinetic hazard was priority 3; and the risk of psychosocialhazards was acceptable.Keywords:Risk assessment, consequence, exposure, probability, level of risk. W.T. Finemethod.
S-9215
Depok : FKM-UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Sefina Nurhayati; Pembimbing: Dadan Erwandi; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Iptu Nurasih Romadloni
Abstrak:
Skripsi ini membahas tentang gambaran risiko kecelakaan lalu lintas pada pejalan kaki di wilayah Jakarta Timur. Penilaian risiko tersebut berdasarkan atas tindakan aman atau tidak aman dan kondisi aman atau tidak aman. Yang bertujuan untuk melihat besarnya risiko kecelakaan dari pejalan kaki di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penilitian ini menyatakan bahwa tindakan tidak aman dan kondisi tidak aman mendominasi timbulnya risiko kecelakaan di wilayah tersebut. Oleh karena itu perlu diadakan perbaikan fasilitas penyeberangan, rekayasa fasilitas penyeberangan, relokasi area perdagangan, penegakan peraturan lalu lintas dan pengawasan dari aparat hukum.
Focus of this study is risk description of traffic accident in pedestrian at east Jakarta region. Risk assessment is based on safe or unsafe acts and safe or unsafe conditions. Which aims to see the huge risk of pedestrian accidents in the region. This research is a qualitative descriptive design. The studies suggested that the result of unsafe acts and unsafe conditions dominate the onset of the risk of accident in the region. It is repairs pedestrian facilities, engineering of pedestrian facilities, relocation of trade area, traffic law enforcement and supervision of law enforcement agencies.
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Focus of this study is risk description of traffic accident in pedestrian at east Jakarta region. Risk assessment is based on safe or unsafe acts and safe or unsafe conditions. Which aims to see the huge risk of pedestrian accidents in the region. This research is a qualitative descriptive design.
S-7711
Depok : FKM-UI, 2013
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Kania Viatina; Pembimbing: Mila Tejamaya; Penguji: Baiduri Widanarko, Syahrul Efendi Panjaitan
Abstrak:
Pembuatan tahu di Indonesia masih menggunakan cara tradisioal yang melibatkan banyak aktivitas manual handling yang meningkatkan risiko gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai tingkat risiko dari faktor fisik menggunakan metode quick exposure check dan juga untuk mengetahui prevalensi keluhan muskuloskeletal pada sembilan bagian tubuh menggunakan Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Penilaian dilakukan terhadap 52 pekerja dari tiga UMKM yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja UMKM Tahu tradisional lebih tinggi dibanding UMKM Tahu Sutra. Dalam 12 bulan terakhir, keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja UMKM Tahu tradisional paling banyak dirasakan pada bagian punggung bawah (94%), bahu kanan (78%) dan leher (61%) pada pekerja UMKM Tahu tradisional dan punggung bawah (81%), bahu kanan (63%) dan punggung atas (56%) pada pekerja UMKM Tahu sutra. Tingkat risiko gangguan muskuloskeletal pada aktivitas penggilingan, perebusan dan penyaringan lebih rendah ditemui pada UMKM tahu sutra (tinggi; sedang dan rendah) dibanding UMKM Tahu tradisional (sangat tinggi; tinggi dan sangat tinggi) dikarenakan beberapa penanganan beban secara manual sudah digantikan oleh mesin
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S-10206
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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