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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease which has been a pandemic for almost three years (2020-2023). One of the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality is a history of comorbid hypertension. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between comorbid hypertension and mortality among COVID-19 confirmed cases in Indonesia for the period January-June 2022 by comprehensively controlling potential confounder variables, more complete data sources and a larger sample size. The study design was a case control study. Data sourced from the Ministry of Health's Online Hospital Information System (SIRS Online) report for the period January-June 2022. Confirmed cases of COVID-19 with comorbid hypertension have a significantly higher risk of death by 1,57 times compared to confirmed cases COVID-19 without comorbid hypertension after controlling for age, vaccination status, viral variants, and diabetes mellitus (OR=1,57; 95%CI:1,20-2,05; p=0,001). There was a difference risk of death in the non-Omicron infection group (OR=7,68; 95%CI:1,15-51,38; p=0,036) and Omicron group (OR=1,52; 95%CI:1,16-1,99; p=0,002) after controlling for age, vaccination status, and diabetes mellitus. There was a difference risk of death in the unvaccinated group (OR=1,52; 95%CI:1,02-2,26; p=0,037), 1-dose vaccine group (OR=1,85; 95%CI:0,84-4,08; p=0,125), 2-dose vaccine group (OR=1,66; 95%CI:1,08-2,54; p=0,020) and booster vaccine group (OR=0,21; 95%CI:0,03-1,48; p=0,118) after controlling for age, viral variants, and diabetes mellitus. Joint efforts from the government and community are needed in the prevention and control of comorbid hypertension to prevent mortality from COVID-19 infection.
Neonatal Asphyxia is one the main causes of neonatal mortality in Indonesia with a percentage of 27%. Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the factors that cause of nenonatal asphyxia. PROM causes oligohydramnios which causes pressure on the umbilical cord so that it inhibits blood flow that carries oxygen to the fetus and causes continuous hypoxia, causing asphyxia. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between PROM and neonatal asphyxia. The study design used was a retrospective cohort. The population in this study were all mothers who gave birth at the HAMBA Batang Hari Hospital, Jambi with the sample being mothers who gave birth at the HAMBA Batan Hari Hospital, Jambi in 2020 which were selected using a simple random sample method. The samples size in this study was 70 samples consisting of 35 people exposed and 35 controls. The statistical test used was the multiple cox regression test with the risk factor model. There is association between PROM and neonatal asphyxia after controlled b history of abortion, gestational age, preeclampsia, and birth weight. Pregnant women are recomended to consume vitamin C, do antenatal care regularly, maintain blood pressure by paying attention to the food consumed, control stress, and consult a doctor before planning a pregnancy
Latar Belakang Menurut WHO diseluruh dunia ada sekitar 10 jula kasus bam kanker dengan lebih dan 6 juta kematian setiap tahunnya. Angka tersebut meningkat bila dibandingkan dengan dua dekade yang sebeiumnya, dimana dilaporkan 6 juta kasus kanker baru dengan jumlah kematian 4 juta orang (WHO, 2002). Di Indonesia kecenderungan peningkatan jumlah kasus dan kematian karena kanker juga meningkat, dari hasil Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT) 1992 kanker merupakan penyebab kematian dengan urutan ke 9 dari 10 penyebab kematian utama yang ada dan pada hasil SKRT 2002 dilaporkan kanker menempati urutan ke 5 sebagai penyebab kematian (Depkes. 2002). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bermjuan untuk mengetahui faktor~faktor yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya kematian pasien ravwxt inap kanker payudara di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta yang meninggal pada tahun 1999 sampai dengan 2005 Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah studi kasus kontrol dengan jmnlah sampel keselumhan 201, jumlah sampel kasus 67 dan kontroi 134 (perbandingan I:2). Kasus adalah pasien rawat inap kanker payudara RSPN-CM yang meninggal dari tahun 1999- 2005 dan kontrol adalah pasien rawat inap kanker payudara RSPN-CM yang tidak meninggal dari tahun 1999-2004. Variabel penelitian adalah faktor prognosis tumor yang terdiri dari stadium, ukuran tumor, residiIQ metastase, faktor kelengkapan terapi, faktor prognosis penderita yang terdiri dari usia, jenis pembayaran dan jenis pekerjaan. Hasil: Pekerjaan pasien kanker payudara berhubungan bermakna secara statistisk OR 3,52 (95%CI 1,66-7,42). Faktor tumor stadium (OR=ll,98 95%CI:4,64-30,91) dan metastase (OR:8,44 95% CI3,l8-22,4) berhubungan dengan kematian pasien kanker payudara Kelengkapan pengobatan (OR:3,82 95%CI 1,57-9,25) berhubungan dengan kematian pasien kanker payudara. Kesimpulan: Dari penelitian ini dapat disarankan bagi wanita yang mempunyai resiko untuk mengalami kanker payudara agar melakukan perneriksaan dini dan bagi penderita kanker payudara untuk melakukan pengobatan selengkap mungkin. Penyuluhan tentang faktor resiko kanker payudara, pengobatan yang akan dilakukan, waktu yang diperlukan untuk pengobatan kanker payudara merupakan salah satu cara mengurangi resiko untuk terjadinya kematian pasien kanker payudara.
Background: WHO (2002) state that in the world there are I0 million cancer new cases and more than 6 million death every years. This incidence was increased than two decade before where was reported 6 million cancer new cases and death 4 million people. ln Indonesia cancer cases and death caused cancer increase. Based of health household survey (SKRT) 1992, cancer is caused death at 9"' from 10 primary caused death and at health household survey (SKRT) 2002 reported that cancer is at 5°? caused death (Dcpkes. 2002). The objective: The objective of this research to know the related factors to breast cancer patient death at Dr Cipto Mangunkustuno Hospital Jakarta years] 999-2005 Method: The design of this research is case control design with 20| total samples that consist of 67 cases and 134 controls (l:2). Cases is breast cancer patient at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta yearsl999~2005 that were death. And control is breast cancer patient at Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta yearsl999-2005 that were life. The variable of this research are patient factors consist of age, kind of payment, and job. Tumor factors are stage, the size, residual, metastasis and completing therapy factor. Result: The job of breast cancer patient related to death significant statistically, OR 3,52 (95%Cl 1,66-7,-42). Tumor factors are stage (OR=l 1,98 95%Cl:4,64»30,9l) and metastasis (OR:8,44 95% CI3,l8-22,4) related to death of breast cancer patient The completely therapy (OR:3,82 95%CI 1,57-9,25) related to death of breast cancer patient. Conclusion: In this research the job status, tumor stage, metastasis and completly therapy related to breast cancer patient death. Women with risk factors to breast cancer that is suggested to early examination and to breast cancer patient suggested to completely therapy. The campaign of risk factors breast cancer, the therapy procedure and time for therapy are some ways to decrease breast cancer patient death.
