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ABSTRAK
Pemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan salah satu bentuk perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS). ASI eksklusif adalah pemberian ASI saja pada bayi usia 0-6 bulan, tidak diberi makanan atau minuman tambahan apapun sejak lahir sampai usia 6 bulan. Capaian ASI eksklusif di Propinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2009 mencapai 58,7%. Sedangkan capaian cakupan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi di Kepulauan Seribu pada tahun 2009 sebesar 46%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kelurahan Pulau Untung Jawa tahun 2011. Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan respondennya seluruh populasi ibu-ibu yang memiliki bayi umur 6-18 bulan sebanyak 35 responden.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisa menggunakan chi-square dan multivariat (regresi logistik ganda). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada variabel yang dominan dan berhubungan dengan perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif 0-6 bulan. Adanya faktor lain yang mempengaruhi ibu khususnya peran aktif dari kader-kader PKK dan seluruh jajaran Pemerintahan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu serta tingginya kepedulian masyarakatnya. Dengan penelitian ini maka disarankan bagi Kementerian Kesehatan untuk membuat kebijakan serta pelatihan pemberdayaan masyarakat terus menerus khususnya bagi kader-kader kesehatan dan petugas kesehatan agar perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif 0-6 bulan semakin meningkat.
Abstract
The exclusive breastfeeding is the one of the clean living and healthy behaviors (PHBS). It is defined as to give breastfeeding only to the babies, without giving any additional foods or beverages from birth until age 6 months. The achievement of the exclusive breastfeeding in the DKI Jakarta and Kepulauan Seribu had reached 58.7% and 46% in 2009. The objective of this study is to determine the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding and factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding behavior in the Kepulauan Untung Jawa Village in 2011. The methods of this study is used a quantitative data research by using questionnaires. It collects 35 respondents which are the entire population of mothers who had babies aged 6-18 months. Then the data will be analysed by chi-square and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The findings showed that there is no significant variable related with exclusive breastfeeding behaviors of 0-6 month?s babies. But there are other factors that related to breastfeeding in particular such as the active role of PKK cadres, the community, and all levels of government in The Kepulauan Seribu Districts. The suggestion from this study is that the Ministry of Health should develop policies and training for community empowerment, especially to strengthen the health cadres and health workers to improve the number of exclusive breastfeeding.
Kata kunci:baduta ; perilaku ibu ; pemberian makan ; stunting
The level of community participation in visiting posyandu in the working area of the Puskesmas Air Putih is 18.2%. This coverage is below the coverage of Samarinda City 24.38% and East Kalimantan Province 39.81%. This condition makes many children under five whose nutritional status is not monitored. This study aims to determine the behavioral determinants of Posyandu visits to Toddler mothers. This study used a cross-sectional design, data collection was carried out through home visits by filling out the questionnaires independently by the respondents. The research sample was 139 Toddler mothers who were randomly selected at 13 Posyandu. Multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 74.8% of Toddler mothers had regular visits to Posyandu. Factors that were significantly related to the behavior of visiting Posyandu on Toddler mothers were work (p=0.08), knowledge (p=0.001), and attitude (p=0.005). Knowledge is the most dominant factor in this study. Mothers with high knowledge have a 4.5 times greater chance of making routine visits to Posyandu after controlling for work and attitude variables. Suggestions for the Samarinda City Posyandu Pokjanal Team to evaluate D/S achievements and propose a Probebaya budget for socializing the importance of routine visits to Posyandu every month.
Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. To reach a health improvement, an individual or group must be able to change or cope with the environment and start this improvement from early, like giving baby an exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to describe the implementation of health promotion efforts to increase coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Cisalak Pasar Public Health Center in 2022 based on Ottawa Charter 5 health promotion strategies which are public health policy, supportive environment, community action, personal skill, and reorient health service. This study is a qualitative analytical research. Data collection was done by using document review, observation, and in-depth interview with 1 leader of Public Health Center, 3 health workers, 1 cadre, and 5 mothers of baby aged 0-6 months. This study found that there is no written regulation about exclusive breastfeeding, lactation room has not been functioning, several medias are used to promote exclusive breastfeeding but have not been seen by many patients/visitor. Also there are efforts to make community development as well as developing individual skills through workshop KP ASI, promotion through cadre, and counselling. Suggestion for Cisalak Pasar Public Health Center based on the results of this study is to make an internal regulation based on Government Regulation Number 33 of 2012, to improve lactation room based on standard on Republic of Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation Number 15 of 2013 and utilize media as a way to promote exclusive breastfeeding.
