Abstrak: This thesis discusses the risk of SO2 exposure to the respiratory tract. SO2 exposurethrough inhalation can irritate the respiratory tract which triggers respiratory symptoms. SO2 is one of the gases emitted by the steel industry. People who live in industrial areas can be exposed to SO2 more often and experience health impacts.
This study aims to determine the level of risk and influence of SO2 exposure to respiratory tract symptomsin housewives living around the steel industry. This study uses the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) approach to estimate the health risk in the area around the steel industry and uses the design of a cross-sectional study to illustrate the effect of intake SO2 on respiratory symptoms carried out in November - December 2019.
Samples in this research numbered 109 housewives obtained by proportional stratified random sampling. SO2 concentrations were measured at 9 points in 3 zones around the steel industry by the pararosanilin method and analyzed by spectrophotometer.
The results showed that Sukadanau Village has an RQ (Risk Quotient) ≤ 1. As many as 39,4% of housewives experience symptoms of respiratory tract disorders and obtained no influence of intake SO2 on respiratory symptoms. Recommendations that can be developed to carry out risk management in areas around the steel industry are monitoring SO2 concentrations on a regular basis so that SO2 remains at safe concentrations <0,201 mg/m3

Abstrak: Manufaktur merupakan salah satu sector industri yang memiliki risiko gangguan otot rangka. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko dari gejala gangguan otot rangka. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2018 dengan melibatkan 51 orang operator pada area mixing rubber dan 40 orang pekerja kantor di PT X yang merupakan perusahaan manufaktur komponen kendaraan bermotor. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan instrument pengambilan data berupa kuesioner QEC dan kombinasi kuesioner psikososial. Variabel independent pada penelitian ini yaitu karakteristik individu pekerja (usia, jenis kelamin, IMT, status merokok dan lama kerja), faktor fisik di tempat kerja (force, postur janggal, gerakan berulang, dan coupling) dan faktor psikososial (tuntutan kerja, kendali terhadap pekerjaan, dukungan social, skill discretion, kepuasan kerja, dan stress kerja). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT dengan gejala pada punggung atas, lama kerja dengan gejala pada pergelangan tangan, faktor risiko fifik yang tinggi dengan gejala pada leher, skill discretion dengan gejala pada pergelangan tangan, stress kerja dengan gejala pada bahu dan punggung bawah. Oleh karena itu perlu diadakan pengendalian lebih lanjut mengenai masalah ergonomic pada PT X.
Kata kunci: gejala gangguan otot rangka, manufaktur, ergonomi,faktor fisik, faktor psikososial

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Manufacture is one of the industry that has the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this research is to analysize the risk factors from the symptoms of disorders of musculoskeletal. This research conducted on March until April 2018 by involving 51 workers on Mixing area and 40 workers on Office Area of X Corporation which is a manufacturing company who made the component of the motor vehicle. This research used Cross Sectional method by using QEC questionnaire and combination of psychosocial questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The independent variable of this research are the characteristic of workers (age, gender, body mass index, smokimg status, and working time), physical factors on the work place (force, awkward postures, repetitive motion, and coupling) and psychosocial factors (job demands, control of the job, social support, skill discretion, job satisfaction, and work stress). The result of this research shows there is a significant correlation of body mass index with a symptoms on the top of the back, working time and skill direstion with a symptoms of the wrist, high risk of physical factor with a symptom of the neck, and work stress with a symptom of shoulders and the low part of the back. Therefore it needs to be a further control about ergonomic factor at X Corporation.
Keyword: symptoms of musculoskeletal disorder, manufacturing, ergonomic, physical factor, psychosocial factor.

Abstrak: Gangguan otot rangka merupakan suatu cedera atau gangguan pada otot, saraf, tendon, sendi, tulang rawan, dan cakram tulang belakang yang dapat mempengaruhi gerakan tubuh manusia atau sistem muskuloskeletal. Pekerja pada industri konstruksi memiliki risiko tinggi untuk mengalami keluhan gangguan otot rangka karena aktivitas pekerjaanya banyak melibatkan postur yang tidak alamiah, manual handling, dan pekerjaan berulang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fisik, individu, dan psikososial yang berkaitan dengan keluhan gejala gangguan otot rangka. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari ? Juli 2022 yang melibatkan 55 pekerja struktur dan finishing Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Perkantoran X di Bekasi Tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengambilan data diantaranya adalah Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), kombinasi kuesioner psikososial, dan Nordic Musculockeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara; faktor risiko fisik dengan keluhan pada bahu, leher dan punggung bawah dalam 12 bulan dan 7 hari terakhir, tuntutan kerja dengan keluhan pada punggung bawah dalam 7 hari terakhir, dan kendali terhadap kerja dengan keluhan pada leher dalam 12 bulan terakhir. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengendalian dan intervensi lebih lanjut untuk mengurangi risiko keluhan gejala gangguan otot rangka pada pekerja struktur dan finishing.

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Musculosceletal Disorders (MSDs) are injuries of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, and spinal discs that can affect the movement of the human body or the musculoskeletal system. Workers in the construction industry have a high risk of MSDs because their work activities involve many unnatural postures, manual handling, and repetitive work. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical, individual, and psychosocial risk factors associated with complaints of musculoskeletal symptoms. This research was conducted in February ? July 2022 involving 55 structural and finishing workers in the X Office Building Construction Project in Bekasi in 2022. This study used a cross sectional study design. The instruments for collected data are Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), a combination of psychosocial questionnaires, and the Nordic Musculockeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between; physical risk factors with complaints on the shoulders, neck and lower back in the last 12 months and 7 days, work demands with complaints on the lower back in the last 7 days, and control of work with complaints on the neck in the last 12 months. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further control and intervention to reduce the risk of complaints of s musculoskeletal symptoms in structural and finishing workers.

Abstrak: Pekerja konstruksi berisiko untuk mengalami gangguan otot rangka. Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko dari gejala gangguan otot rangka padapekerja konstruksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2018 denganmelibatkan156 pekerja. Desain dari peneltian inia dalah cross sectional. Pengambilandata dilakukan dengan menggunakan QEC, kombinasi kuesioner psikososial, NMQ, luxmeter, dan WBGT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikanantara faktor individu (jenis pekerjaan dan status merokok) dengan gejala gangguan ototrangka. Tingkat risiko yang berhubungan dangan gejala gangguan otot rangka adalahpada tingkat risiko tinggi dan sangat tinggi.. Sedangkan pada faktor psikososial yangberhubungan dengan gejala gangguan otot rangka adalah tuntutan kerja dan dukunganrekan. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan perubahan dan intervensi untuk mengurangirisiko pada gangguan otot rangka melalui beberapa pengendalian terutama faktor fisikdan psikososial.
Kata kunci: Gejala gangguan otot rangka, ergonomi, pekerja konstruksi, faktor fisik,faktor psikososial

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Construction workers are at risk to develop musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose ofthis research is to analyze risk factors of musculoskeletal symptomps in constructionworkers. The research was conducted in March-April 2018 involving 156 workers. Thedesign of this research is cross-sectional. Data was collected with QEC, combination ofpsychosocial questionnaire, NMQ, lux meter, and WBGT. The results show that thereare significant association between the individual factors (type of work and smoking)with the musculoskeletal symptomps. The level of risk associated with muskeletalsymptoms are high and very high risk level. While the the psychosocial factorsassociated with musculoskeletal symptoms are high job demands and low co-workerssupport. Therefore it is necessary to make changes and interventions to reduce the riskmusculoskeletal disorder through some control, especially physical and psychosocialfactors.
Keywords: Musculoskeletal symptoms, ergonomic, construction workers, physical riskfactors, psychosocial risk factor.