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This thesis was looking for compliance for the implementation of oil spill response in PT. Z, especially for the oil spill response procedure (OSCP) element, conformity with standard of the Indonesian government regulation, Ministry of Sea Transportation No.58, 2013 related oil spill response at waters and port, SKKMigas PTK-005, 2018 related management of health, safety and environmental protection in upstream oil and gas activities and international standard, IPIECA-IOGP, 2019 related oil spill preparedness and response: an introduction, IPIECA-IOGP 2015 related contingency planning for oil spills on water and research used assessment tool from Naational Fire Protection Association ( NFPA) 1600 edition 2013. The research was qualitative descriptive method. Based on reseach, PT. Z oil spill response procude (OSCP) was comply with Indonesian government regulation and international standar. In addition, PT. Z has emergency response team, oil spill response personnel, oil spill response equipment, and oil spill response exercise program.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi existing kesiagan PTMP, mengetahui gap implementasi antara existing kesiagaan PTMP dengan pedoman yang ada, dan memberikan usulan perbaikan temadap kesiagaan PTMP maupun terhadap pedoman itu sendiri.
Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengevaluasi kasus tumpahan, sebagai alat ukur evaluasi ini mengacu kepada Pedoman Tata Kerja (PTK) BPMIGAS No. Kpts : 112 tahun 2003 tentang Pedoman Umum Penanggulangan Tumpahan Minyak di Perairan, Oil Spill Response Guide yang disusun o/eh Robert J Meyer, Research Pianning /nsritut Inc dan sumber lain yang relevan.
Hasil evaluasi menunjukan bahwa kesiagaan PTMP yang ada sudah memenuhi kebutuhan minimum, kecuali untuk panjang oil boom apabila penentuan panjang minimumnya menggunakan metoda tiga kali panjang kapal. Implementasi dilapangan memperlihatkan bahwa metoda analisa resiko (risk assesment) lebih di rekomendasikan untuk penentuan kebutuhan minimum kesiagaan PTMP.
Kata Kunci : Organisasi emergency response dan prosedur tetap (PROTAP) Peralatan Tumpahan Minyak skala tier 1 yang terkini serta peralatan yang handal dan siap pakai skala tier 1.
Kata kunci:Tumpahan minyak, Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan No.58 tahun 2013, NFPA1600, penilaian resiko, trajectory modelling, penaggulangan, strategi respon.
The thesis was looking for compliance for emergency response system for oil spillpolicy and implementastion in company PT.X, conformity with standard ofIndonesia regulation, Manistry of Sea Transportation No. 58, 2013 and research used assessment tool from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 1600edition 2013. Element prevention in Manistry of Sea Transportation No. 58, 2013and research used assessment tool from National Fire Protection Association(NFPA) 1600 edition 2013 for oil spill incident can be implemented by performing risk assessment. The purpose of risk assessment to determine the levelof likelihood, severity and relative risk of oil spills in the PT.X. Oil spill contigency plan can be prepared after conducted a risk assessment, which part ofof the implemented of mitigation, consider of strategy of response, combat team, oil spill equipments, response time before spill hit the shoreline. The simulation form software trajectory modelling result information time of oil spills to theshoreline. The ability of the oil spill response can be determined based on oil psill volume, oil spill equipments, oil spill team combat and strategy of response.
Key words:Oil spill, Manistry of Sea Transportation No. 58, 2013, NFPA 1600, riskassessment, trajectory modelling, Contigency plan, strategy of response.
Kata kunci : Tumpahan Minyak, NFPA, penilaian risiko, penanggulangan, trajectory modeling
ABSTRAK
Spherical tank yang berisi Butana merupakan subjek berpotensi hazard (kebocoran, kebakaran dan ledakan) yang dapat memberikan konsekuensi terhadap fasilitas dan manusia sebagai obyek penerima yang berada pada radius pajanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pemodelan dengan input data primer dan sekunder yang diaplikasikan dalam perangkat lunak ALOHA, Area Locations of Hazardous Atmosphere. Hasil penelitian terhadap skenario kejadian kebocoran, kebakaran dan ledakan di fasilitas pengolahan minyak dan Gas PT Z mendapatkan nilai konsukeuensi zona bahaya sampai radius satu kilometer. Zona aman setelah radius satu kilometer.
ABSTRACT
Spherical tanks containing Butane is subject of potentially hazard (leak, fire and explosion) which can bring facility and human consequences as the recipient objects which are in the radius of exposure. This research uses input modeling with primary and secondary data which applied in the Area Locations of Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA) software. The study of the leak, fire and explosion incidence scenario at oil and gas processing facilities of PT Z scores shows threat zone to a radius of one kilometer. Safety zone distance after radius kilometer.
PT Z adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang perkapalan dan jasa maritim. Kegiatan bisnis utama dari PT Z adalah jasa pengangkutan pasokan bahan baku bagi kegiatan lepas pantai dan pengangkutan bbm ke wilayah di Indonesia melalui jalur perairan yang tidak dapat dilalui oleh kapal - kapal besar. Dalam menjalankan kegiatan bisnisnya PT Z tidak lepas dari risiko bahaya baik bagi pekerjanya, lingkungan di sekitar area kerja dan aset properti perusahaan. PT Z menetapkan strategi dan penerapan aspek keselamatan kerja secara konsisten untuk mencegah terjadinya insiden keselamatan kerja agar aspek tersebut dapat menjadi daya saing bagi perusahaan dan nilai tambah bagi bisnis perusahaan.
Sesuai dengan peraturan pemerintah No 45 Tahun 2012 tetang manajemen keselamatan kapal bahwa setiap perusahaan pelayaran harus memenuhi persyaratan manajemen keselamatan dan pencegahan pencemaran dari kapal. Sedangkan sistem manajemen keselamatan yang yang sesuai persyaratan adalah International Safety Management (ISM) Code yaitu koda internasional tentang manajemen keselamatan pengoperasian kapal dan pencegahan pencemaran sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Bab IX Konvensi SOLAS 1974 yang telah diamandemen.
Hasil yang paling signifikan dari penelitian ini adalah tingkat penerapan sistem manajemen keselamatan kelautan di kapal masih belum maksimal dan berpengaruh terhadap keselamatan kerja. Hal ini tergambar pada variable penelitian kepatuhan crew terhadap porsedur SMK Kelautan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa crew tidak sepenuhnya patuh pada prosedur yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan belum maksimalnya penerapan sistem manejemen keselamatan kelautan di darat. Hal ini tergambar pada variable kebijakan dan prosedur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa prosedur yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan tidak mudah dimengerti.
PT Z is a company engaged in the field of shipping and maritime services. The main business activity of PT Z is a transportation service for the supply of raw materials and transportation of offshore activities in the area of fuel into Indonesia through the waterway impassable by boat - big boat. In the course of business of PT Z is not free from the risk of danger is good for workers, the environment around the work area and property assets of the company. PT Z set the strategy and implementation of consistent safety aspects to prevent the occurrence of safety incidents so that these aspects can be a competitive edge for the company and add value to the business enterprise.
In accordance with government regulation No 45 of 2012 neighbors vessel safety management that any shipping company must meet the requirements of safety management and the prevention of pollution from ships. While the safety management system that suits the requirements of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code is an international code of safety management operation of the ship and the prevention of pollution as provided for in Chapter IX of the SOLAS Convention 1974 as amended. The most significant result of this study is the level of implementation of the safety management system on board marine still not up and affect safety. This is reflected in the research variable adherence to porsedur SMK Marine crew.
The results showed that the crew did not fully comply with established procedures. The results also show the application of the system not maximal manejemen marine safety on land. This is reflected in the variable policies and procedures. The results showed that the procedures established by the company are not easy to understand.
The oil industry has a high risk, cases of emergencies such as oil spills and fires in oil storage tanks occur frequently and are classified as a major hazard. This emergency event can occur due to failure of the safety protection layers (SPL) installed in the oil storage tank. Tanks T-04, T-09, T-18 are oil storage tanks of PT. X which has the potential to experience this emergency event, for this reason, a study is carried out on the impact of hazardous chemical exposure and heat radiation from the T-04, T-09, T-18 tank fires on humans and surrounding facilities. The study method used was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach to analyze the impact of exposure to hazardous chemicals in the form of mercaptans and benzene and heat radiation caused by oil spills and tank fires T-04, T-09, T-18 on humans and surrounding facilities. This research was conducted through secondary data collection both at PT. X and literature studies without intervening in the research object. The data obtained is used to quantitatively determine the impact of exposure to hazardous chemicals and heat radiation using ALOHA (Areal Location of Hazardous Atmosphere) software. The results of the ALOHA simulation from the emergency incident of the oil spill showed that the exposure to mercaptans and benzene in the PPP North Highway area was 1.33 ppm and 379.68 ppm, causing discomfort, irritation and temporary effects for humans exposed to the area. Exposures in the South Highway PPP area of 0.142 ppm and 40.72 ppm did not have a health impact on humans exposed to the area. Exposure in the PPP Operator Room Area of 2.9 ppm mercaptan resulted in exposed humans experiencing discomfort, irritation and was temporary, exposure to benzene of 829.79 ppm resulted in adverse or serious health problems or impaired ability to escape for humans exposed in the area. Exposure in the PPP Office Area of 1.18 ppm and 338.45 ppm had an uncomfortable, irritating and temporary effect on humans in the area. ALOHA simulation results of tank fire incidents resulting in exposure to heat radiation in areas inhabited by humans, namely in the PPP North Highway Area, PPP Operator Room Area, PPP Office Area with an impact that can result in death if exposed to up to 60 seconds, as well as in the Highway Area South PPP has the impact of experiencing second degree burns if exposed to 60 seconds. Heat radiation from a burning tank also has the potential to cause a domino effect in the form of a tank fire around the burning tank due to receiving heat radiation of 15 kW/m2. Safety Protection Layers installed in PT. X is not sufficient so that oil spill and fire emergencies are still at a high risk level according to the risk matrix of PT. X is categorized as an unacceptable risk (Not Acceptable Risk). This study provides recommendations for adding Safety Protection Layers to the PT. X to reduce fire risk to an acceptable risk.
