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This thesis discusses the analysis of BPJS K inpatient claim late claims in traffic accident cases at the Karima Utama Surakarta hospital in 2020. The purpose of this study is to determine the input factors and process factors that influence the delay in the BPJS claim submission process Health in the case of a traffic accident at the special hospital operating in Karima Utama Surakarta. This research is an analytic study with a qualitative approach and observation. From the research it was found that there were still delays in the BPJS K inpatient claims for traffic accident cases with a duration of 2- 29 days. Delays occur at the data input stage in the traffic accident guarantee application by officers both hospital staff, police and jasa raharja. Delay also occurs in the phase of coding that is the completeness of the patient's medical history and resume. The results of the study suggest improvement in the human factor, namely improving the quality of human resources, method factors by making hospital regulations as a reference for officers in carrying out their duties and responsibilities, increasing supervision from the leadership as well as providing guidance to staff and increasing coordination between the hospital and the police, jasa raharja and BPJS Kesehatan. It is expected that the DPJP is also orderly in filling out medical records and proposals to increase medical records quality with electronic medical records.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain literature review tipe integrative review dengan menganalisis hasil dari penelitian yang sudah ada sebelumnya.
Hasil: Digunakan 16 artikel mengenai keterlambatan proses pemulangan pasien rawat inap rumah sakit di Indonesia yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2010-2020. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hanya ditemukan satu rumah sakit yang sudah memenuhi standar waktu yang telah ditentukan, sedangkan masih ditemukan banyak rumah sakit yang belum memenuhi standar.
Kesimpulan: Penyebab keterlambatan proses pemulangan pasien saling berkaitan satu sama lain. Pada faktor sumber daya rumah sakit, sumber daya manusia (SDM) merupakan faktor yang paling sering ditemukan karena peran petugas sangat penting dalam keseluruhan proses pelayanan. Pada faktor proses pelayanan rumah sakit, proses pelayanan administrasi rawat inap merupakan faktor yang memakan waktu paling lama untuk keseluruhan hasil dari penelitian sebelumnya. Berdasarkan metode pembayarannya, pasien asuransi atau jaminan perusahaan membutuhkan waktu paling lama dibandingkan pasien umum dan BPJS karena terdapat proses konfirmasi pihak asuransi yang merupakan kegiatan diluar kontrol rumah sakit.
Kata Kunci: Faktor penyebab; proses pemulangan pasien; rawat inap; waktu tunggu; indonesia
Background: Inpatient discharge process always becomes problem in Indonesian hospital because the time taken for completion never met the standard established by Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 129 of 2008 which states that the process of returning patients from patients is allowed to go home by DPJP until patients get bills from the hospital administration no more than 2 hours. Discharge process is a complex process because it consists of many procedures and engages various departments. The purpose of this study is to describe the cause factors of inpatient discharge process delay in Indonesian hospital.
Method: This study analyzes every results from previous studies using literature review type integrative review.
Results: This study includes 16 literatures about the delay in inpatient discharge process published from 2010-2020. The result shows that only one hospital met the standard, but most of them never met the standard.
Conclusions: The caused of delay in inpatient discharge process are related to each other. From hospital resource factors, human resource is the most commonly found factor because the role of staffs are important in the overall process. In hospital service process factors, administration process is the one which takes the longest time. Based on the payment method, private insurance patients and company guarantees need the longest time rather than general patients (out of pocket) or BPJS because there is an insurance confirmation process and it is out of hospital control.
Key words: Factor; discharge process; inpatient; waiting time; indonesia
Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, masyarakat pengguna BPJS merasa puas dengan inovasi pelayanan kesehatan melalui program BPJS. Namun, masalah justru terjadi pada pihak instansi kesehatan yang merupakan pihak pendukung program BPJS Kesehatan yang mengalami masalah pending claim. Permasalahan pending claim ini harus segera diatasi karena pending claim menyebabkan kerugian akibat pembiayaan pelayanan lebih besar daripada jumlah klaim yang dibayarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor input, faktor proses, faktor hasil (output) dalam prosedur pengajuan klaim rawat inap pasien BPJS di RS Hermina Ciputat, dan mendapatkan gambaran yang menyebabkan pending claims (output) di RS Hermina Ciputat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan pendekatan observasional deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitan menunjukkan bahwa faktor input yang mengakibatkan banyaknya pending claims di RS Hermina Ciputat antara lain: faktor Man (kompetensi ataupun pengetahuan dokter spesialis, dokter umum, dan tenaga koder yang kurang terkait klaim BPJS); Money (belum dilaksanakannya secara berkelanjutan evaluasi kinerja kepada dokter spesialis); Methods (belum semua ada dan maksimal untuk panduan praktik klinis/clinical pathways); Materials (aplikasi SIMRS tidak praktis dan lambat, jaringan internet lama); dan Machine (kurangnya sarana dan prasarana). Hasil lain dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mengakibatkan pending claims di RS Hermina Ciputat antara lain: kesulitan dalam melengkapi bukti administrasi klaim dan kesalahan pengisian administrasi dengan tepat; pengisian berkas rekam medis yang tidak lengkap; kualitas pengisian resume medis dan pengisian resume medis yang tidak sesuai; kurang lengkapnya bukti-bukti penunjang klaim; pemberian kode untuk diagnosa primer dan sekunder yang tidak tepat; dan kesalahan pengentrian jenis perawatan.
BPJS users are satisfied with the innovation of health services through the BPJS program. However, the problem occurred on the health agencies which are supporter institutions of the BPJS Health program which experienced pending claims problem. This problem of pending claims must be addressed immediately because pending claims cause losses due to service costs are greater than the number of claims paid. This study aims to identify input factors, process factors, output factors in the procedure for submitting claims for BPJS inpatient claims at Hermina Ciputat Hospital and to obtain an overview of the causes of pending claims (output) at Hermina Ciputat Hospital. This study uses descriptive observational approach with qualitative methods through in-depth interviews and document review. The results of the study show that the input factors that result in the number of pending claims at Hermina Ciputat Hospital include: Man factor (competence or knowledge of specialist doctors, general practitioners, and coding staff who are not competent handling BPJS claims); Man factor (competence or knowledge of specialist doctors, general practitioners, and coding staff who are lacking in relation to BPJS claims); Money (no continuous performance evaluation or specialist doctors); Methods (not maximal impelementation of practice guidelines/clinical pathways); Materials (the SIMRS application is not user-friendly and slow, slow internet connection); and Machine (lack of facilities and infrastructure).Other results of the study show that the factors resulting in pending claims at Hermina Ciputat Hospital include: difficulties in completing proof of claim administration and administrative filling errors; incomplete filling of medical record files; the quality of filling out medical resumes and filling out medical resumes that are not appropriate; incomplete evidence supporting the claim; inappropriate coding for primary and secondary diagnoses; and errors in determining treatment type.
Kata Kunci: Lean Thinking, BPJS, klaim, value added activity, non value addedactivity, waste
Delay in the submission of BPJS claims resulted in decreasing hospital cash flow. The currentclaim process is not efficient and effective.The objective of this reseach is to analize and proposeimprovement in the claim process by applying Lean Hospital concept. This research usedquantitative and qualitative approaches to observed the time required to complete the claimprocess before submitted to the BPJS verificator and also have an in-depth interview, observe theprocess, and document review. The result showed most waste happened in mobilisasi dana unitfor 32.5 days 18.8 minutes in the settlement BPJS document claims. Based on Value StreamMapping, Lead Time of the claim process at this time is 33.9 day. Most types of waste arewaiting and transportation. Proposed improvement provided from the study is to optimizing thecasemix team which newly formed. By optimizing the casemix team, Lead Time required tocomplete the claims process is 6.44 minutes. Standardize work and performance appraisal (KPI,IKI, and IKU) consider to apply to reach employee best performance.
Keywords: Lean Thinking, BPJS, claim, value added activity, non value added activity, waste
ABSTRAK
Nama
: Muhamad Rezaldi
Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit
Judul
: Analisis Faktor Penentu Keterlambatan Klaim INA CBG’s Pasien
Rawat Inap di RSIA Murni Asih Kabupaten Tangerang pada Januari
2018
Pembimbing : DR. dr. Sandi Iljanto, MPH.
Latar Belakang: Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) melalui Badan Penyelenggara
Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan sebagai pemberi perlindungan sosial menuntut rumah
sakit untuk memberikan pelayanan bermutu dan berkualitas kepada peserta BPJS
Kesehatan. Dalam menjalankan fungsi rumah sakit untuk memberikan pelayanan kepada
peserta BPJS Kesehatan, maka rumah sakit perlu melakukan klaim dana kepada pihak
BJPS Kesehatan sesuai diagnosa yang sudah ditetapkan Indonesian Case-Based Groups
(INA CBG’s). Klaim biaya tersebut digunakan sebagai pengganti dari biaya yang sudah
dikeluarkan rumah sakit dalam menjalankan pelayanan kesehatannya kepada peserta
BPJS Kesehatan. Namun pada kenyataannya masih banyak berkas-berkas yang ditunda
ataupun ditolak BPJS sehingga rumah sakit tidak mendapatkan klaim tersebut. Penundaan
dan atau penolakan klaim disebabkan karenan tidak lolosnya berkas-berkas melalui
verifikator BPJS Kesehatan. Dengan diberlalukannya system Vedika (Verifikasi di
Kantor) ada beberapa perubahan kebijakan pada proses klaim berkas INA CBG’s yang
membuat rumah sakit dituntu untuk bisa beradaptasi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor penentu keterlambatan klaim INA CBG’s BPJS
Kesehatan berdasarkan beberapa variabel yang sudah ditentukan sebelumnya dan
dimodifikasi oleh peneliti.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan kepada berkas-berkas klaim INA CBG’s yang akan
diajukan ke BPJS Kesehatan dari pasien rawat inap. Data yang dikumpulkan dimasukkan
ke dalam checklist kuesioner yang kemudian akan diolah hasilnya.
Hasil: Dari 8 variabel independent yang diuji, variabel Ketepatan Pengisian Resume
Medis Koding Diagnosa Sekunder memiliki peran paling penting menyebabkan berkas
klaim tertunda. Koding Diagnosa Sekunder juga berhubungan dengan Variabel
Independent Severity Level atau tingkat keparahan penyakit yang bisa mempengaruhi
kelayakan berkas klaim.
Kesimpulan: Saat ini, aspek dan kaidah koding berperan penting dalam kelayakan berkas
klaim INA CBG’s, sehingga rumah sakit harus terus belajar dan mencari tahu apa saja
yang baik untuk diinputasi dalam nenentukan koding yang tepat, sehingga berkas klaim
dapat terbayarkan tepat waktu tanpa ditunda.
(kata kunci: INA CBG’s, klaim BPJS, verifikator BPJS, Vedika)
ABSTRACT Name : Muhamad Rezaldi Study Program : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Title : Analisis Faktor Penentu Keterlambatan Klaim INA CBG’s Pasien Rawat Inap di RSIA Murni Asih Kabupaten Tangerang pada Januari 2018 Counsellor : DR. dr. Sandi Iljanto, MPH. Background: National Health Insurance (JKN) through the provider of Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS) Health as a social protection provider requires the hospital to provide quality and quality services to BPJS Kesehatan participants. In performing the function of the hospital to provide services to participants BPJS, eating hospital needs to make claims of funds to the BJPS Kesehatan according to the diagnosis set by Indonesian Case-Based Groups (INA CBG’s). Claim fees are used in lieu of the costs already incurred hospital in running health services to participants BPJS Kesehatan. But infact there are still many files that are postponed or rejected by BPJS Kesehatan so that the hospital does not get the claim. Delays and or rejection of claims are caused due to not passing the files through BPJS Kesehatan verifier. With the implementation of The Vedika (Verification in the Office) there were several policy changes to the claim process of INA CBG's file which made the hospital to be able to adapt. Purpose: Find out the determinants of the delay in INA CBG's BPJS Kesehatan claims based on some predefined variables which has been predetermined and modified by the researcher. Method: This research is analytical descriptive with quantitative approach. The data collection is done to the claims file of INA CBG’s that will be submitted to BPJS Kesehatan of inpatients. The data collected is included in the checklist of questionnaires which will then be processed. Result: Of the 8 independent variables tested, the Adjustment Resume Filling variable Medical Coding Secondary Diagnosis has an important role causing the tertunda claim. Secondary Diagnostic coding is also associated with the Severity Level variable that may affect the eligibility of the claim. Conclusion: Currently, coding aspects and rules play an important role in the feasibility of INA CBG's claim, so hospitals must continue to learn and find out what is good to input in determining proper coding so that claims files can be paid on time without delay. (key words: INA CBG’s, Claim BPJS, Verifikator BPJS, Vedika).
This research was motivated by the occurrence of pending claims of BPJS Kesehatan inpatients at Hasanah Graha Afiah General Hospital (RSU HGA) in the service month of January to December 2022 as many as 493 files from a total of 5,603 files (8.8%). The total bills that experienced delays in claim payment amounted to Rp3,924,719,300 from the total submitted Rp27,912,112,900 (14.06%). The occurrence of pending claims at HGA Hospital should not occur or can be minimized if claims management can be managed properly. Therefore, this study aims to identify the causes of pending claims of BPJS Kesehatan inpatients at HGA General Hospital, as well as provide alternative solutions for managing BPJS Kesehatan inpatient claims at HGA General Hospital. This research is a case study research with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out at the Casemix Unit, Inpatient Installation, and Medical Record Installation of HGA Hospital, from April to May 2023. Data sources include primary data and secondary data. Primary data are taken by means of in-depth interviews and observations, while secondary data through document review and literature review. The results showed a picture of pending claims for BPJS Kesehatan inpatients at HGA Hospital in 2022, including those related to filling out medical resumes (33.1%), BPJS Kesehatan confirmation requests related to medical problems and coding (33.1%), incomplete claim support files (17.6%), inaccuracy in providing medical action codes (3.6%), primary (2.8%) and secondary (2.1%) diagnoses, claims administration discrepancies (3.5%), and outbreak cases claimed to BPJS Kesehatan (4.2%). There was a delay in submitting BPJS Kesehatan claims by HGA Hospital to BPJS Kesehatan with an average delay of 5.7 days. Pending claims and delays in submitting HGA hospital claims are caused by input and process factors. Input factors include man factors, namely related to the number and competence of human resources, money, namely the availability of staff training funds, methods, namely the availability of internal hospital regulations, and machines, namely hospital information systems. Meanwhile, process factors include the completeness and timeliness of filling out medical resumes, the lack of attaching supporting evidence for claim files, the accuracy of providing disease codes and procedures, requests for confirmation by BPJS Kesehatan verifiers related to medical problems and coding, and claim administration. The researcher suggested to the management of HGA Hospital to conduct a review of the Workload Analysis (ABK) of the Casemix Unit and the placement of coder staff positions, improve the competence of officers through training both internal and external, develop information systems owned by the hospital for socialization, monitoring and evaluation purposes related to BPJS Kesehatan claim management, develop reward and punishment policies to specialists, as well as implementing SIMRS risk management. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the development of BPJS Kesehatan claim management policies at HGA General Hospital.