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Public Health Center (PHC) is a health service facility that organizes public healthand individual health efforts. Health service activities in PHC produce hazardous andtoxic solid waste that will have an impact on environmental and health problems. SouthJakarta City has a fairly large population growth rate and second largest number of PHCin DKI Jakarta Province so that the amount of waste generated will increase, thereforeintegrated sustainable waste management is needed. This study aims to determine thedescription of the management of toxic and solid waste in South Jakarta City PHC byassessing the waste management aspects and determining the priority problems in theix Universitas Indonesiaaspects of hazardous and toxic solid waste management. This research is a quantitativestudy with a descriptive research design with a sample size of 35 Village Public HealthCenters. The results of this study indicate that the score of waste management aspects inSouth Jakarta City PHC is classified as good, with a score of 79,18 out of 100. Priorityproblems are arranged based on the lowest value, starting from the institutional aspects(score 60), socio-cultural aspects (score 66,29), technical aspects (score 75,36),environmental aspects (score 94,29), and legal aspects (score 100).Key words: Hazardous and toxic solid waste, Public Health Center, Waste Managament, SouthJakarta.
Latar Belakang: Pengelolaan limbah medis di Indonesia menghadapi banyak tantangan. Tantangan tersebut berupa regulasi, daya tampung pengolahan, sinkronisasi antar lembaga, peran pemerintah daerah, sarana prasarana yang belum mencukupi, sumber daya manusia yang belum mumpuni, masalah perizinan, serta pembiayaan. Provinsi Banten mengalami kenaikan timbulan limbah medis. Data menunjukkan limbah medis di Provinsi Banten sebanyak 228,06 ton pada Maret 2021, dan kenaikan tersebut meningkat mencapai 591,78 ton pada 27 Juli 2021. Pandemi yang terjadi di akhir tahun 2019 hingga sekarang, menimbulkan peningkatan timbulan limbah medis secara signifikan. Hal ini menciptakan tantangan tambahan pada manajemen pengelolaan limbah medis di negara berkembang. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengelolaan limbah medis B3 Covid-19 pada rumah sakit di Kota Tangerang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian kualitatif untuk mencari tahu gambaran pengelolaan limbah B3 Rumah Sakit di Kota Tangerang dan penelitian kuantitatif untuk menghitung jumlah timbulan limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari rumah sakit Hasil: Limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas pasien Covid-19 dan pasien biasa pada pandemi Covid-19 diperlakukan seperti limbah Covid-19. Timbulan limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari RS A dan B sebanyak 3,19 kg/tempat tidur/hari dan 3,16 kg/tempat tidur/hari. Alur pengelolaan limbah medis B3 Covid-19 yang dilakukan oleh RS A dan RS B dimulai dari pemisahan yang dilakukan pada sumbernya, pewadahan, pengangkutan, penyimpanan, dan pengangkutan menuju pihak ke 3. Sarana prasarana pengelolaan limbah rumah sakit sudah tersedia cukup baik sesuai dengan syarat Permenkes No.18 Tahun 2020. Sejauh ini, belum adanya rencana terkait antisipasi pengelolaan limbah medis apabila timbulan limbah medis membludak yang disiapkan oleh pemerintah. Dalam hal pengangkutan limbah oleh pihak ke 3, terdapat beberapa kali keterlambatan untuk waktu kedatangan ke rumah sakit untuk mengangkut limbah medis. Kesimpulan: Pengelolaan limbah medis B3 Covid-19 rumah sakit di Kota Tangerang saat ini terkontrol dengan baik.
Background: Medical waste management in Indonesia faces many challenges. These challenges are in the form of regulation, processing capacity, synchronization between institutions, the role of local governments, inadequate infrastructure, inadequate human resources, licensing problems, and financing. Banten Province experienced an increase in the generation of medical waste. Data shows that medical waste in Banten Province was 228.06 tons in March 2021, and the increase increased to 591.78 tons on July 27, 2021. The pandemic that occurred at the end of 2019 until now has resulted in a significant increase in the generation of medical waste. This creates additional challenges for medical waste management in developing countries. Objective: This study aims to describe the management of Covid-19 Hazardous medical waste in hospitals in Tangerang City. Methods: This research is quantitative and qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Qualitative research to find out the description of hospital Hazardous waste management in Tangerang City and quantitative research to calculate the amount of medical waste generated from hospitals Result: Medical waste generated from the activities of Covid-19 patients and ordinary patients during the Covid-19 pandemic is treated like Covid-19 waste. The medical waste generated from Hospitals A and B was 3.19 kg/bed/day and 3.16 kg/bed/day. The flow of hazardous Covid-19 medical waste management carried out by Hospital A and Hospital B starts from the separation carried out at the source, storage, transportation, storage, and transportation to third parties. Hospital waste management infrastructure facilities are already quite good in accordance with the requirements of Minister of Health Regulation No. 18 of 2020. So far, there is no plan related to anticipating medical waste management in the event of an overabundance of medical waste that has been prepared by the government. In the case of transporting waste by third parties, there are several delays in arrival time to the hospital for transporting medical waste. Conclusion: The management of hospital hazardous Covid-19 medical waste in Tangerang City is currently well controlled.
A centralized self-isolation place is a facility provided for COVID-19 patients who require self-isolation. In their activities, a centralized self-isolation place produces waste, one of which is medical B3 waste. This study discusses the management of medical B3 waste in a centralized self-isolation area during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the number of positive COVID-19 patients, determine preparedness and response from stakeholders, identify aspects of medical B3 waste management, and analyze differences in waste management before and after becoming a centralized self-isolation place. This research method is mixed, quantitative, and qualitative with descriptive analysis. Interviews and observations of secondary data, guidelines, and regulations, as well as documents from a centralized self-isolation place, obtain data and information. This study's results indicate differences in the management of medical B3 waste at the Guest House PSJ UI before and after becoming a centralized self-isolation place. The types and sources of waste generated are mostly infectious, such as PPE and used rapid test equipment. The regulations refer to PP RI Number 22 of 2021 and the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number HK.01.07/MENKES/537/2020. The difference in waste management at the Guest House PSJ UI before and after becoming a centralized self-isolation place is mainly in the characteristics of the waste produced.
Kata Kunci : Limbah Medis Padat, Rumah Sakit Haji
Hospital services produce solid medical waste that must be managed properly and comprehensively since the waste is produced until it is managed in a landfill. Based on the observation, there is still a janitor at Haji Hospital Jakarta who punctured needle while doing medical waste treatment which mean waste management still not optimal done and have potential to cause health impact for officer and environment. This research discusses solid waste medical management system based on regulation of Ministry of Health No. 1204 2004. The research method used qualitative approach with case study design. A qualitative approach was undertaken to analyze the medical waste management system at Haji Jakarta Hospital consisting of inputs, processes, outputs and recommendations.The results showed that in the input factor of medical waste production is large amounted to 128 kg/day. In process factors starting from containers, mixed between medical and non-medical waste and sharp objects (syringes), transportation has not been using special trolly and medical waste storage has not been eligible according to regulation of Ministry of Health No. 1204 2004. Therefore, the sorting of medical waste starting from the source, the behavior of the officer and the provision of medical waste becomes the determining factor in the management of medical waste, so that it is expected that the impact of occupational accident risk and the surrounding environment can be reduced and avoided (zero accident).
Keywords : Solid Medical Waste, Haji Hospital
