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High dust exposure in the workplace, particularly PM2.5 dust, can increase the risk of respiratory disorders among workers. PT X, as a fertilizer manufacturer, has a high potential for dust exposure, especially during several stages of the production process. This study aims to analyze the relationship between PM2.5 dust concentration and respiratory symptoms among workers at the NPK Granulation fertilizer plant. This research employed a cross-sectional design involving 96 respondents from three factories: NPK II, III, and IV. The independent variables included PM2.5 5 concentration, duration of exposure, age, length of employment, history of respiratory illness, smoking habits, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The dependent variable was the presence of respiratory symptoms. Data collection was carried out using two methods: PM2.5 concentration was measured with a DustTrak device, while information on other variables including exposure duration, age, work history, respiratory illness history, smoking habits, PPE use, and respiratory symptoms was gathered through a questionnaire completed by the respondents. The results showed that PM2.5 concentrations in all three plants exceeded the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 70 of 2016. Furthermore, 59.4% of the respondents reported experiencing respiratory symptoms, indicating a potential health hazard for workers. However, among all the variables analyzed, only smoking habits showed a statistically significant association with respiratory symptoms (p = 0.003). Other variables, such as PM2.5 concentration, exposure duration, age, length of employment, history of respiratory illness, and use of PPE, did not demonstrate a significant statistical relationship. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that smoking habits are the primary risk factor associated with respiratory disorders among workers. Nevertheless, the fact that PM2.5 levels exceeded the TLV highlights that the work environment still poses a serious health risk. Therefore, PT X should strengthen its efforts in smoking control and education within the workplace. In addition, regular monitoring of PM2.5 dust exposure and strict supervision of PPE compliance must be consistently enforced to prevent other potential health risks.
Industri kayu terutama yang memproduksi mebel menjadi salah satu primadona penghasil devisa negara selain minyak dan gas bumi. Namun dalam proses produksinya industri mebel seringkali menimbulkan masalah terhadap kesehatan kerja karena lingkungan kerja yang tercemar debu, terutama debu respirabel. Debu respirabel dapat memberikan resiko terjadinya gangguan fungsi paru berupa kelainan paru restriktif, obstruktif dan campuran keduanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi debu respirabel dengan gangguan fungsi paru pekerja yang terpajan debu di industri mebel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan disain cross sectional yang dilakukan terhadap 235 pekerja yang tersebar di 36 industri mebel yang ada di Kelurahan Jatinegara Kecamatan Cakung Jakarta Timur. Pengukuran konsentrasi debu respirabel menggunakan alat Personal Dust sampler using Cyclone yang dimasukkan ke dalam kaset filter holder untuk debu dengan diameter 3,7 micrometer. Alat ini diletakkan pada area pernafasan pekerja selama 8 jam kerja dengan teknik pengukuran menggunakan metode gravimetri. Dari hasil analisis diketahui rata-rata konsentrasi debu respirabel sebesar 2,95 mg/m3, dengan konsentrasi terendah 0,53 mg/m3 dan tertinggi 8,8 mg/m3, 25% industri mebel konsentrasi debu respirabel telah melebihi NAB. Prevalensi gangguan fungsi paru pekerja industri mebel 36,6% dengan katagori restriktif 48,8%, obstruktif 10,5% dan rest-obstruktif 40,7%. Ada perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata konsentrasi debu respirabel antara responden yang mengalami gangguan fungsi paru dengan respoden yang tidak mengalami gangguan fungsi paru. Bila variabel lain dianggap konstan maka pekerja yang bekerja di ruang kerja dengan konsentrasi debu tinggi akan memiliki resiko terjadinya gangguan fungsi paru 1,4 kali dibandingkan dengan pekerja yang bekerja di ruang kerja dengan konsentrasi debu rendah. Faktor lain yang mempengaruhi hubungan debu respirabel dengan gangguan fungsi paru adalah lama kerja dan penggunaan APD. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menganalisis komposisi debu respirabel dari industri mebel dengan bahan dasar kayu yang diawetkan, sehingga dapat diketahui berapa besar pengaruh debu respirabel di lingkungan kerja terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pekerja.
Wood industry especially producing furniture become one of most important producer of state's stock exchange besides gas and oil. But in their production process of furniture industry oftentimes generate problem with health work because of the working environment impure of dust, especially respirable dust. Respirable dust can be risk the happening of lung function disorder in the form disparity of paru restriktif, obstruktif and mixture of both. This research aim to know relation between concentration of dust respirabel with lung function disorder of worker which exposure of dust in furniture industry. This research was an observasional study with cross sectional design conducted to 235 worker which is spreadly at 36 furniture industry in Village of Jatinegara by Subdistrict of Cakung East Jakarta. Measurement of Concentration respirable dust use appliance of Personal Dust sampler using Cyclone entered into cassette of filter holder for dust with diameter 3,7 micrometer. This appliance is placed at area of exhalation of worker during 8 of working hours with technique of measurement use gravimetric method. From analysis known mean concentration of respirable dust is 2,95 mg/m3, with minimum concentration 0,53 mg/m3 and maximum concentration 8,8 mg/m3, 25% industry concentration of respirable dust have exceeded NAB. Prevalence of lung function disorder of industrial worker [of] furniture 36,6% by katagori restriktif 48,8%, obstruktif 10,5% and rest-obstruktif 40,7%. There is difference which significan of mean concentration of respirabel dust between responden having lung function disorder by respoden which is not having lung function disorder. If other variabel are constantly assumed so the worker who work in workroom with high concentration of dust will own risk the happening of lung function disorder 1,4 times compared by the worker who work in workroom with low concentration of dust. Other factor influencing of respirabel dust with lung function disorder is long time of work and use of work self protector. Need furthermore research to analyse composition of respirabel dust from furniture industry with elementary substance of conserved wood, so we know how big influence of respirabel dust in working environment to lung function disorder of worker.