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Background: Indonesia faces population problems such as a high number and rate of population growth with a total fertility rate (TFR) which is bigger than ASEAN average and ideal standard of TFR. The utilization of contraception, especially LAPMs, is one of program to ensure the implementation of family planning program. However, based on the results of the 2017 IDHS, there was only 13.4% of women used LAPMs. And from year to year, the utilization of contraception in Indonesia is still dominated by female users compared to men, especially in MKJP, namely 13.2% of them are female users and only 0.2% are male users. This study aims to examine the association between women's empowerment and the utilization of long-acting and permanent contraceptive (LAPMs) among married women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia based on analysis of IDHS data 2017. Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design and uses secondary data (2017 IDHS data). The dependent variables of this study is the utilization of LACPMs with the main independent variables were women's empowerment. Descriptive, bivariate and stratified analysis were used to see the description of each variable and to examine the association between the dependent and independent variables and to examine the confounding variables between them. Result: Empowered women had 1.15 [95% CI=1.03-1.27] times higher risk of using MKJP than powerless women. The result of this study also found that women's education and household wealth index are confounding variables in the association between women's empowerment and the utilization of LACPMs. Conclusion: The utilization of LACPMs which is low is one of the public health challenges in Indonesia. The association between women's empowerment and the utilication of LACPMs can be taken into considerations for government agencies to develop health by focusing on the role of women.
Kehamilan tidak diinginkan di Indonesia belum menunjukkan perubahan yang konsisten dari 2002 hingga 2019 (BKKBN, 2019). Dominasi kehamilan tidak diinginkan terjadi pada kelompok usia berisiko tinggi (56% kasus) (BKKBN, 2012, 2017) dan cenderung lebih banyak ditemukan di perkotaan Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kehamilan tidak diinginkan yaitu penggunaan kontrasepsi modern. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat besar hubungan yang terjadi antara penggunaan kontrasepsi modern dengan kejadian kehamilan tidak diinginkan pada wanita kelompok usia berisiko tinggi di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan Indonesia. Desain studi pada penelitian ini merupakan cross sectional dengan analisis menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Data yang digunakan merupakan data SDKI 2017. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa wanita usia risiko tinggi di wilayah perkotaan Indonesia yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi memiliki risiko yang lebih rendah untuk mengalami kehamilan tidak diinginkan (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.588-0.977). Sedangkan wanita usia risiko tinggi di wilayah pedesaan Indonesia yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk mengalami kehamilan tidak diinginkan (OR: 1.66 95% CI: 1.035-2.648).
Unintended pregnancies in Indonesia have not shown consistent changes from 2002 to 2019 (BKKBN, 2019). In addition, unintended pregnancies mostly occur in the high-risk age group (56% of cases) (BKKBN, 2012, 2017). One of the factor that can influence incident of unintended pregnancy is the use of modern contraception. In Indonesia unintended pregnancies tend to be more common in urban areas. This research was conducted to see the relationship between modern contraception use and the incidence of unintended pregnancies in women in high-risk age groups in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The study design in this research is cross sectional and data will be conducted with chi square and logistic regression. The data used in this research is the 2017 IDHS. The results show that women of high risk age in urban areas of Indonesia who do not use contraception have a lower risk of experiencing unwanted pregnancy (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.588-0.977). Meanwhile, women of high risk age in rural areas of Indonesia who do not use contraception have a higher risk of experiencing unwanted pregnancy (OR: 1.66 95% CI: 1.035-2.648).
Premarital sexual behavior in female adolescent is a problematic behavior that can affect negative impact on health. Female adolescent is a risk group if they get pregnant at young age. The percentage of premarital sexual behavior among female adolescents in both rural and urban areas has increased. This study aims to determine the factors associated with premarital sexual behavior among female adolescent adolescent in rural and urban areas. This research used secondary data from Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 with cross-sectional design. The population in this study were unmarried female adolescent aged 15-24 years. Based on the results of multiple logistic regression, age, alcohol consumption, drug consumption, attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, knowledge of reproductive health, and peer influence are related to premarital sexual behavior of adolescent girls in urban areas. Meanwhile, factors related to premarital sexual behavior of teenage girls in rural areas are age, education, economic status, attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, exposure to mass media, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, dating experience, and reproductive health communication with health workers. The attitude variable towards premarital sexual behavior is the most dominant factor associated with the premarital sexual behavior of female adolescents in urban and rural areas
In Indonesia, the number of HIV cases tends to increase every year. The highest percentage of HIV occurs in the age group of 20-49 years, which includes the childbearing age and the age of marriage for women in Indonesia. In addition, the number of AIDS cases among housewives is second. Housewives can be at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS because of risky sexual behavior with their partners, such as when a husband infected with HIV/AIDS transmits it to his wife through unsafe sex or transmission from a husband who has sex outside and then has sex with a partner. However, there are still married women who cannot negotiate safer sex with their partners. This is of particular concern because when a housewife infected with HIV/AIDS becomes pregnant, she can potentially transmit HIV to her baby. Meanwhile, housewives have not become a key target of the HIV/AIDS program. The purpose of this study was to determine of women?s ability to negotiate safer sex to prevent HIV/AIDS in Indonesia based on the 2017 IDHS data analysis. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample of women aged 15-49 years old who are married/live together with their spouses. The results of this study indicate that the factors that influence the ability of married women to negotiate safer sex are work, asset ownership, household decision making, communication with partners related to HIV, age differences, differences in education, place of residence, and knowledge related to HIV/AIDS. Thus, the intervention to improve the ability of married women to negotiate safer sex can take these factors into account.
