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Cesarean sectio is an action to help give birth to pregnant women by performingsurgery on the abdominal wall (laparatomy) and uterine wall (hysterotomy).(Cunningham et, 2017). Childbirth with cesarean sectio in the world has exceededthe limit set by the WHO which is 15% of all births in each country. In Indonesiathe number of births with cesarean sections based on Riskesdas in 2018 is 17%,and based on the BPJS Kesehatan sample data report for 2015-2016 mildcesarean sectio measures are the 10 most actions taken on BPJS Kesehatanparticipants. Cesarean Sectio is done with medical indications and withoutmedical indication the conditions that cause a person to give birth with cesareansectio without medical indications can be caused by several things such aspsychological, excessive fear and so forth. This study aims to determine therelationship between BPJS Health participant characteristics and cesarean sectiodelivery without medical indication. With Cross Sectional research design andusing BPJS Kesehatan sample data for 2015-2016. The sample in this study wasthe inclusion criteria for mothers who gave birth to cesarean sections with theBPJS Kesehatan sample data and the exclusion criteria were mothers who gavebirth without cesarean sections. The results of this study that the proportion ofBPJS Kesehatan participants who gave birth to cesarean sectio without medicalindications was 61.18%. There is a significant relationship between regions,segmentation of participants and ownership of health care facilities and deliveryof cesarean sectio without medical indication. Whereas the age variable is notrelated to cesarean sectio birth without medical indication. Therefore, it isnecessary to increase supervision of cesarean sectio measures performed inhospitals in collaboration with BPJS Kesehatan, and it is necessary to increasepromotion of the community about the dangers of cesarean sectio without medicalindication.Keywords:Childbirth, Sectio Cesarean, BPJS Kesehatan.
Breastfeeding is an easy way to reduce morbidity and mortality in infants and childrens. The delay in giving the first breast milk can be caused by the chosen method of birth such as vaginal or cesarean delivery. This study was conducted in a cross sectional and quantitative approach using the 2017 IDHS data to determine the relationship between cesarean delivery and Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBFI) in DKI Jakarta Province. The sample used was women of childbearing age 15-49 years during the survey in DKI Jakarta Province who had their last child born in the last 2 years as many as 236 respondents. Univariate, bivariate statistical analysis was performed using chi-square (95% CI) and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression tests. The results of the analysis showed that mothers who gave birth by cesarean had 0.52 times [95% CI 0.27-1.01] times lower risk of having an EBFI than mothers who gave birth vaginally. Multivariate analysis in this study showed that mothers who delivered by cesarean had 0.54 times lower risk [95% CI 0.18-1.61] of having an EBFI compared to mothers who gave birth vaginally after controlled by variables such as education level, age, and economic status. It is concluded that policy making and providing interventions on how to implement and the importance of early breastfeeding initiation need to be carried out on mothers who have low levels of education, age under 35 years, low economic status, and who plan to give birth by cesarean delivery method.
Tingkat pemakaian kontrasepsi pil di kalangan wanita PUS cukup tinggi, hal itu terlihat dari data pemakaian kontrasepsi pil hasil SDKI 2002103 sebesar 13,2 % . Tingginya prevalensi pemakaian kontrasepsi pil tersebut tidak dibarengi dengan tingginya tingkat kelangsungan pemakaian, hasil SDKI 1997 tercatat 34 % pemakai pit tidak menggunakan lagi setelah sate tahun_ Angka putus pakai (drop out) pil ini merupakan yang kedua tertinggi setelah kondom. Tingkat kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi pil arnat dipengaruhi oleh kedisiplinan dan kepatuhan akseptor dalam memakainya. Hal tersebut dimungkinkan bila akseptor memiliki pengetahuan dan informasi yang cukup yang dapat diperoleh melalui konseling yang dilakukan oleh petugas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konseling kontrasepsi dengan tingkat kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi pil. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder SDKI 2002103. Disain penelitian adalah crossectional dengan kajian statistik analisis survival. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata tingkat kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi pil adalah 31 bulan dengan median survivalnya 37 bulan. Probabilitas kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi pil setelah bulan ke-12 adalah 62 % dan probabilitas kelangsungan setelah bulan ke-60 adalah 31 %. Probabilitas kelangsungan pernakaian kontrasepsi pil setelah bulan ke-12 pads kelompok yang mendapat konseling kontrasepsi adalah 66%, sedangkan pada kelompok yang tidak mendapatkan konseling kontrasepsi 56 %. Risiko untuk putus pada akseptor pil yang tidak mendapatkan konseling adalah 1.6 kali bila bertempat tinggal dikota dan 1.5 kali bila tinggal didesa. Risiko untuk putus pada akseptor pil yang tidak konseling adalah 1.6 kali bila tidak ada efek camping dan menjadi 2 kali bila ada efek samping. Tingginya risiko putus pemakaian kontrasepsi pil di wilayah perkotaan perlu mendapatkan perhatian dari pengelola program Keluarga Berencana. Dugaan sementara hal ini dijumpai didaerah kota pinggiran atau daerah kumuh, untuk itu kegiatan konseling kontrasepsi yang lebih intensif terkait dengan akseptor di daerah tersebut hares ditingkatkan misalnya melalui kunjungan petugas yang lebih sering ke rumah diharapkan dapat menurunkan risiko putus pakai. Kegiatan konseling pada prinsipnya dilakukan untuk mengurangi kekhawatiran akseptor akan efek sarnping yang ditimbulkan kontrasepsi selama pemakaiannya.
Prevalence of pill contraception used among reproductive woman are high, it can seen at SDKI 2002/03 which is about 13,2 %. This height prevalence is not followed with the-continuity rate, only 34 % of women still used pill contraception within 12th month recorded in SDKI 1997. This rate as highest secondly after condom. The pill contraception continuity rate is influenced by discipline and compliance of acceptor in using it.That things is possible when acceptor have enough knowledge and information about contraception usage which they can get it from councelling by family planning officer. This study is aimed to gain information on relationship of contraception counselling with the period of time pills uses. This study uses secondary data SDKI 2002/03. Study design used is crossectional with statistical survival analysis. The result study shows that mean of pill contraception continuity rate are 31 month with median survival are 37 month. The Probabilities of pills continuity rate after 12th month are 62 percent and probabilities of pills continuity rate after 60th month are 31 percents. Probabilities of pills continuity rate after 12'h month in whom that receive counsellings are 66 percents, men while the group whom that not receive counselling only 56 percent. The risk of drop out among the pills acceptbr whom that not receive counsellings are 1,6 times if they lives at the city and 1,5 times if they lives at the village. The risk of drop out pills among acceptor whom that not receive counsellings are 1,6 times if they not have side effect and it can be 2 times if they have side effects. The height risk of drop out pills among acceptors in urban region need to get more attentions from the organizer of family planning program. Momentary, assumption whereas this matter is met in marginal town area or slum region, for that more intensive program of counselling contraception related to acceptor in the are, for example more regular follow up to the acceptors whom lives at this area and had side effect. The principle of counseling is to lessen the worried feeling of the acceptor with the side effects generated by contraception during its usage.
The problem that is feared will have a major impact on the success of the family planning program in controlling the population in Indonesia is the incidence of discontinuation of contraceptive use. The 2017 IDHS data reported that around 29% of women with various contraceptive methods decided to stop using contraceptives after 12 months of use. This study aim to describe the comparison of determinants of contraceptive discontinuation between the Western Region of Indonesia (Sumatera) and the Eastern Region of Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua). This study uses Indonesia Demography Health Survey (IDHS) 2017. The population for this study is a women of childbearing age 15-49 years old. The dependent variable in this study is the contraceptive discontinuation, while the independent variable of this study are age, parity, fertility preferences, level of education, occupation, area of residence, wealth index, discontinued contraceptive method, internet use, and mobile phone ownership. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of contraceptive discontinuation. The proportion of respondent who discontinue using contraceptive was 45,7% (Sumatera) and 41,2% (Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and Papua). The most common reason for discontinuation in Sumatra and Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua is because of side effects/health problems. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the variable level of education (OR 2,63) was the largest determinant of contraceptive discontinuation in Sumatra, followed by area of residence (OR 1,13). Meanwhile, the biggest determinant of discontinuation of contraceptive use in Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Papua is the area of residence (OR 1,42). Counseling and education related to contraceptive methods and side effects/health problems that may arise need to be intensified, especially in the group with higher education levels and living in urban areas.
