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Data and information have an important role in the decision-making process. In the health sector, data utilization is used to estimate the burden of a disease including its determinants. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem that infects 10.6 million people worldwide in 2021, where Indonesia is the second highest contributor to caseload after India. The province with the highest number of TB case findings in Indonesia in the last 5 years is West Java Province. To find out the spatial model of risk factors that have an effect on each district/city, an analysis was carried out using a spatial approach using secondary data. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive spatial autocorrelation that has a significant effect on the number of TB cases in West Java Province, which means that the distribution of cases forms a clustered pattern and adjacent areas tend to affect the surrounding area. The districts/cities that have become hotspot areas and are priority areas for intervention in handling TB cases in West Java Province are Bekasi Regency, Bogor Regency, Karawang Regency, Purwakarta Regency, Sukabumi Regency, Bekasi City, Bogor City and Depok City. Spatial analysis found risk factors that had different effects in each district/city area, namely the poor population, temperature and altitude, so that the forms of health interventions carried out were also different. Utilization of data with this spatial approach is expected to be able to support decision-making support related to health intervention programs and policies that are specific to the area so that they are right on target and able to reduce the number of TB cases in West Java Province.
Kematian ibu merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan yang masih terjadi. AKI Indonesia pada tahun 2020 mencapai 189 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup yang masih di atas target SDGs 2030. Dan Jawa Timur merupakan provinsi yang memiliki kasus kematian ibu cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Berbagai faktor dapat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian kematian ibu, baik dari faktor kesehatan maupun non kesehatan. Pendekatan spasial pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh faktor secara lokal di antarwilayah dan antarwaktu. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan data sekunder berupa agregat dari publikasi profil kesehatan Jawa Timur dan BPS Jawa Timur, dengan variabel dependen kematian ibu, serta independen Rata-Rata Lama Sekolah (RLS), usia kawin, penduduk miskin, rasio tenaga kesehatan, rasio puskesmas, persalinan di fasyankes, dan ANC dari tahun 2021 – 2023. Juga terdapat atribut spasial berupa ketinggian wilayah dan kerapatan jalan serta peta digital. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemetaan faktor risiko dengan overlay serta statistik spasial dengan Geographically Weighted Regression. Didapatkan faktor risiko determinan kematian ibu cenderung sedang dan tinggi di tahun 2021, 2022, dan 2023. Juga didapatkan kejadian kematian ibu terjadi autokorelasi global dengan pola berkelompok. Dan secara autokorelasi lokal, terdapat beberapa wilayah signifikan di setiap tahun. Sedangkan untuk hasil GWR, didapatkan variabel signifikan lokal di tahun 2021 adalah ANC di seluruh wilayah, dan 2022 tidak ada variabel signifikan, sedangkan 2023 beberapa wilayah signifikan dengan rasio tenaga kesehatan dan persalinan di fasyankes, dan beberapa tidak signifikan. Dan untuk model dari nilai R2 bervariasi, meskipun cenderung meningkat dari tahun 2021 ke 2023. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan perencanaan bagi program kesehatan ibu dan anak di Jawa Timur, agar dapat fokus ke wilayah prioritas intervensi. Kata kunci: kematian ibu, spasial, sosial-ekonomi, layanan kesehatan
Maternal mortality remains a significant health issue. Indonesia’s maternal mortality rate (MMR) in 2020 reached 189 per 100,00 0 live births, still above the 2030 SDGs target. East Java is one of the provinces with the highest maternal mortality rates in Indonesia. Various factors can influence maternal mortality rates, both health-related and non- health-related. The spatial approach in study aims to examine the local influences of these factors across regions and over time. In this study, secondary data in the form of aggregates from East Java health profile publications and the East Java Central Statistics Agency (BPS) were used, with the dependent variable being maternal mortality and the independent variables being Average Years of Schooling (RLS), age at marriage, poor population, health worker ration, health center ratio, deliveries in health facilities, and ANC from 2021 – 2023. Spatial attributes include elevation, road density, and digital maps. The methods used include risk factors mapping with overlay and spatial statistics using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). The results indicate that risk factors for maternal mortality tend to be moderate to high ini 2021, 2022, and 2023. Additionally, maternal mortality events exhibit global autocorrelation with a clustered pattern. In terms of local autocorrelation, there were several significant regions in each year. For the GWR results, the significant local variable in 2021 was ANC across all regions, while in 2022 there were no significant variables, and in 2023, some regions were significant with the ratio of healthcare workers and births in healthcare facilities, while others were not significant. The R2 values of the models varied, though they tended to increase from 2021 to 2023. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for planning maternal and child health programs in East Java, enabling a focus on priority intervention areas. Key words: maternal mortality, spatial, social-economic, health services
