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Natasya Oktifia Yostyadiananda; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Tris Eryando, Hafizah Jusril
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Indonesia saat ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan kesehatan dan perlu memastikan kesehatan rakyat terpenuhi melalui penyediaan pelayanan kesehatan dan sosial yang memadai, yaitu melalui Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Tren penyebab kematian yang berbasis data terkini di tingkat nasional sangat penting untuk mencerminkan efek kebijakan kesehatan masyarakat dan pemberian perawatan medis terhadap pembangunan kesehatan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tren penyebab kematian di Indonesia menurut ICD-10 pada tahun 2016 dan 2021. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain studi potong lintang dengan menggunakan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan, dan kemudian dilakukan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien JKN di Indonesia dan sampel yang digunakan adalah 1% dari pasien JKN dengan status kepulangan 'meninggal'. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyakit pada sistem peredaran darah tetap menjadi penyebab kematian tertinggi, peningkatan penyakit pernapasan, penurunan penyakit infeksi dan parasitik, serta peningkatan penyakit neoplasma sebagai penyebab kematian. Tren penyebab kematian mengalami perbedaan berdasarkan tahun, kelompok usia, jenis kelamin, wilayah, dan jenis kepesertaan.
Indonesia is currently facing various health challenges and needs to ensure that people's health is met through the provision of adequate health and social services, namely through the National Health Insurance. Trends in causes of death based on the latest data at the national level are very important to reflect the effects of public health policies and the provision of medical care on national health development. This study aims to analyse trends in causes of death in Indonesia according to ICD-10 in 2016 and 2021. The research methodology used was a cross-sectional study design using sample data from BPJS Kesehatan, and then performed univariate and bivariate analysis. The study population was all JKN patients in Indonesia and the sample used was 1% of JKN patients with 'deceased' discharge status. The results showed that diseases of the circulatory system remained the highest cause of death, increased respiratory diseases, decreased infectious and parasitic diseases, and increased neoplastic diseases as a cause of death. Trends in causes of death differ by year, age group, sex, region, and type of membership.
S-11378
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Riko Setiawan; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Hafizah Jusril
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Pergeseran global dalam pola penyakit menyoroti pentingnya data yang akurat untuk perencanaan pembangunan kesehatan yang efektif, terutama di Indonesia yang saat ini mengalami triple burden disease. Studi ini menggunakan Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan untuk mengamati perubahan pola penyakit lewat prevalensi yang didapat dari diagnosis ICD-10 pelayanan peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) pada tahun 2017 dan 2022. Metode studi potong lintang berulang digunakan untuk menganalisis perubahan ini secara univariat. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa meskipun infeksi pernapasan tetap menjadi penyakit dengan prevalensi tertinggi, Indonesia menghadapi tantangan dari meningkatnya prevalensi penyakit tidak menular seperti diabetes mellitus, gangguan mental, dan kondisi neurologis. Sebaliknya, terjadi penurunan untuk penyakit pernapasan kronis dan kondisi neonatal. Analisis juga menunjukkan adanya variasi dalam perubahan pola penyakit berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, wilayah geografis, dan jenis kepesertaan. Temuan dapat digunakan untuk dasar penelitian lanjutan atau landasan program pembangunan kesehatan.
Global shifts in disease patterns highlighted the critical importance of accurate data for effective health development planning, particularly in Indonesia, which faced a triple burden of disease. This study used data from Indonesia's national health insurance program, BPJS Kesehatan, to investigate changes in disease patterns based on the prevalence derived from ICD-10 diagnoses among participants in 2017 and 2022. The study applied a repeated cross-sectional approach to conduct a thorough univariate analysis of these changes. The findings revealed that while respiratory infections remained most prevalent, Indonesia witnessed increasing rates of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus, mental disorders, and neurological conditions. Conversely, cases of chronic respiratory diseases and neonatal conditions decreased. The analysis also identified variations in disease patterns based on gender, age, geographical region, and type of insurance participations. Findings can be used for further research or as groundwork for health development programs.
S-11641
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Anindya Nuzhmi Zharifa; Pembimbing: Tris Eryando; Penguji: Wahyu Septiono, Novi Indriastuti
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Merokok masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan bagi remaja hingga saat ini. Studi menemukan bahwa tren perokok anak usia 10 – 18 tahun di Indonesia dari waktu ke waktu terus meningkat. Merokok yang dimulai pada usia remaja akan lebih sulit untuk berhenti merokok saat dewasa. Kian langgengnya perilaku merokok yang dilakukan oleh penduduk usia belia di Indonesia menandakan belum tercapainya kemajuan program-program pengendalian tembakau yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tren dan prevalensi pengalaman merokok remaja di Indonesia dari tahun 2009, 2014, hingga 2019. Analisis data memanfaatkan hasil Global Youth Tobacco Survey pada sampel remaja usia 11 – 17 tahun di tingkat menengah pertama dengan regresi logistik multivariabel untuk mengetahui determinan utama pengalaman merokok. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa prevalensi merokok remaja di Indonesia meningkat secara signifikan dari waktu-waktu (p-value <0.001). Faktor-faktor yang mendorong perilaku mencoba merokok pada remaja ditemukan pada remaja laki-laki (AOR: 13,2; 95% CI: 11,055 – 15,788), remaja dengan persepsi social benefit positif (AOR: 1,2; 95% CI: 1,095 – 1,406), menerima tawaran rokok teman (AOR: 24; 95% CI: 19,450 – 29,788), terpapar asap rokok di tempat umum (AOR: 2; 95% CI: 1,774 – 2,228), terpapar asap rokok di rumah (AOR: 2,4; 95% CI: 2,103 – 2,706). Implikasi penelitian ini menyorot evaluasi program pengendalian tembakau di Indonesia yang perlu dikembangkan dari berbagai aspek guna menekan laju konsumsi rokok yang dilakukan remaja melalui penguatan regulasi dan kolaborasi lintas sektor.
Smoking is still a health threat to adolescents today. Studies have found that the trend in smokers among children aged 10 - 18 years in Indonesia has been increasing over time. Smoking that starts in adolescence will be more difficult to quit smoking as an adult. The persistence of smoking behavior by the young population in Indonesia indicates that effective tobacco control programs have not yet made progress. This study aims to determine the trends and prevalence of adolescent smoking experience in Indonesia from 2009, 2014, to 2019. Data analysis utilized the Global Youth Tobacco Survey on a sample of adolescents aged 11 - 17 years at junior secondary level with multivariable logistic regression to determine the main determinants of smoking experience. The study revealed that the prevalence of adolescent smoking in Indonesia increased significantly over time (p-value <0.001). Factors that encourage adolescent smoking trying behavior were found in male adolescents (AOR: 13.2; 95% CI: 11.055 - 15.788), adolescents with positive social benefit perceptions (AOR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.095 - 1.406), accepting a friend's cigarette offer (AOR: 24; 95% CI: 19.450 - 29.788), exposure to cigarette smoke in public places (AOR: 2; 95% CI: 1.774 - 2.228), exposure to cigarette smoke at home (AOR: 2.4; 95% CI: 2.103 - 2.706). The implications of this study highlight the evaluation of tobacco control programs in Indonesia that need to be developed from various aspects to reduce the rate of cigarette consumption by adolescents through strengthening regulations and cross-sector collaboration
S-11728
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Alvian Sanjaya; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Atmiroseva
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Periode neonatal (0-28 hari) merupakan waktu yang rentan bagi kelangsungan hidup seorang anak setelah dilahirkan. AKN menurut SDKI 2017 masih berada pada angka 15 kematian per 1000 kelahiran hidup, pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 73,1% kematian balita terjadi pada periode ini serta Indonesia menjadi penyumbang terbesar kematian neonatal di wilayah Asia Timur dan Pasifik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kematian neonatal di Indonesia pada tahun 2021. Menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan memanfaatkan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2015-2021 dengan sampel bayi lahir hidup usia 0-28 hari yang melakukan kunjungan ke FKRTL di tahun 2021 sebanyak 8.672 anak. Hasil penelitian ini adalah faktor sosioekonomi (status ekonomi dan tempat tinggal) tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kematian neonatal. Dari tiga faktor neonatus (jenis kelamin, usia, dan berat badan lahir) hanya berat badan lahir saja yang memiliki hubungan secara statistik dengan kematian neonatal. Neonatus dengan berat badan lahir rendah lebih berisiko hampir 6 kali lebih besar (OR: 5,868 95% CI: 1,36-25,32) untuk mengalami kematian neonatal dibandingkan dengan neonatus dengan berat badan lahir normal. Komplikasi karena BBLR juga menjadi faktor penyebab utama kematian neonatal dalam penelitian ini. Sehingga, berat badan lahir rendah menjadi faktor utama dalam kematian neonatal pada peserta BPJS Kesehatan di Indonesia tahun 2021.
The neonatal period (0-28 days) is a vulnerable time for the survival of a child after birth. The NMR according to the 2017 IDHS is still at 15 deaths per 1000 live births, in 2021 as many as 73.1% of under-five deaths occur in this period and Indonesia is the largest contributor to neonatal deaths in the East Asia and Pacific region. The purpose of this study was to determine what factors influence neonatal mortality in Indonesia in 2021. Using a cross sectional study design utilizing BPJS Kesehatan sample data for 2015-2021 with a sample of live born babies aged 0-28 days who made visits to FKRTL in 2021 totaling 8,672 children. The results of this study were socioeconomic factors (economic status and place of residence) had no association with neonatal mortality. Of the three neonate factors (gender, age, and birth weight) only birth weight had a statistical association with neonatal mortality. Neonates with low birth weight were almost 6 times more at risk (OR: 5.868 95% CI: 1.36-25.32) to experience neonatal death compared to neonates with normal birth weight. Complications due to LBW was also a major contributing factor to neonatal mortality in this study. Thus, low birth weight is a major factor in neonatal mortality among BPJS Kesehatan participants in Indonesia in 2021.
S-11359
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Uswatun Khasanah; Pembimbing: Artha Prabawa; Penguji: Popy Yuniar, Julie Rostina
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Masa neonatal yakni 28 hari pertama kehidupan merupakan periode paling kritis bagi kelangsungan hidup bayi karena tingginya risiko untuk mengalami kematian pada fase ini. Berdasarkan laporan SKI 2023, Indonesia berada di posisi ketiga untuk AKN tertinggi di Asia Tenggara yakni 9,3 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup. Data terkini mengungkapkan peningkatan yang cukup signifikan, dimana kasus kematian neonatal melonjak dari 20.882 pada tahun 2022 menjadi 29.954 pada tahun 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan kematian neonatal pada peserta BPJS Kesehatan Tahun 2015-2022. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan menganalisis data sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2015-2022, mencakup bayi baru lahir (0-28 hari) yang melakukan kunjungan ke Fasilitas Kesehatan Rujukan Tingkat Lanjut (FKRTL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor sosioekonomi (status ekonomi dan tempat tinggal) dan faktor neonatus (jenis kelamin, usia saat kunjungan dan berat badan lahir) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan (p-value: 0,000) terhadap kematian neonatal. Dengan hasil berat badan lahir rendah memiliki risiko 4,1 kali lebih berisiko untuk mengalami kematian neonatal (OR: 4,1 95% CI: 3,74-4,55), kemudian neonatus yang melakukan kunjungan di usia 0-7 hari 3,4 kali berisiko mengalami kematian neonatal (OR: 3,4 95% CI: 2,64-4,43), neonatus perempuan memiliki risiko 0,8 kali lebih rendah untuk mengalami kematian neonatal (OR: 0,8 95% CI: 0,74-0,88), dan untuk neonatus yang berada di luar pulau jawa memiliki risiko 1,3 kali lebih berisiko untuk mengalami kematian neonatal (OR: 1,31, 95% CI: 1,21-1,43) serta neonatus dengan status ekonomi kurang memiliki risiko 1,8 kali lebih untuk mengalami kematian neonatal (OR: 1,89, 95% CI: 1,79-2,06).
The neonatal period, the first 28 days of life, is the most critical phase for infant survival due to the high risk of mortality. According to SKI 2023, Indonesia ranks third for the highest neonatal mortality rate in Southeast Asia at 9.3 deaths per 1,000 live births. Recent data shows a significant increase, with neonatal deaths rising from 20,882 cases in 2022 to 29,954 in 2023. This study aims to identify factors associated with neonatal mortality among BPJS Kesehatan participants from 2015-2022. Using a cross-sectional design, we analyzed BPJS Kesehatan data of newborns (0-28 days) visiting Advanced-Level Health Facilities (FKRTL). Results show that socioeconomic factors (economic status and residence) and neonatal factors (sex, age at visit, and birth weight) significantly correlate with neonatal mortality (p-value: 0,000). With low birth weight having a 4.1 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 4,1 95% CI: 3,74-4,55), then neonates who have visits at 0-7 days old have a 3.4 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 3,4 95% CI: 2,64-4,43), female neonates have a 0.8 times lower risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 0,8 95% CI: 0,74-0,88), and neonates who are outside of Java Island have a 1,3 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 1,31, 95% CI: 1,21-1,43) as well as neonates with poor economic status having a 1,8 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 1,89, 95% CI: 1,79-2,06).
The neonatal period, the first 28 days of life, is the most critical phase for infant survival due to the high risk of mortality. According to SKI 2023, Indonesia ranks third for the highest neonatal mortality rate in Southeast Asia at 9.3 deaths per 1,000 live births. Recent data shows a significant increase, with neonatal deaths rising from 20,882 cases in 2022 to 29,954 in 2023. This study aims to identify factors associated with neonatal mortality among BPJS Kesehatan participants from 2015-2022. Using a cross-sectional design, we analyzed BPJS Kesehatan data of newborns (0-28 days) visiting Advanced-Level Health Facilities (FKRTL). Results show that socioeconomic factors (economic status and residence) and neonatal factors (sex, age at visit, and birth weight) significantly correlate with neonatal mortality (p-value: 0,000). With low birth weight having a 4.1 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 4,1 95% CI: 3,74-4,55), then neonates who have visits at 0-7 days old have a 3.4 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 3,4 95% CI: 2,64-4,43), female neonates have a 0.8 times lower risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 0,8 95% CI: 0,74-0,88), and neonates who are outside of Java Island have a 1,3 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 1,31, 95% CI: 1,21-1,43) as well as neonates with poor economic status having a 1,8 times higher risk of experiencing neonatal death (OR: 1,89, 95% CI: 1,79-2,06).
S-12085
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Naila Syifa Uttami; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Martya Rahmaniati Makful, Maria Gayatri
Abstrak:
Perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja wanita merupakan perilaku bermasalah yang dapat berdampak negatif pada kesehatan remaja. Terlebih remaja wanita menjadi kelompok berisiko jika harus mengalami kehamilan pada usia remaja. Presentase perilaku seksual pranikah remaja wanita baik pada daerah perdesaan maupun perkotaan mengalami peningkatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah pada remaja wanita di perdesaan dan perkotaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data dari data sekunder Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017 dan dengan studi potong lintang. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah remaja wanita usia 15-24 tahun yang belum menikah. Berdasarkan hasil uji regresi logistik berganda usia, konsumsi alkohol, konsumsi narkoba, sikap terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah, pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi dan pengaruh teman sebaya berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah remaja wanita di perkotaan. Sementara faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah remaja wanita di perdesaan meliputi usia, pendidikan, status ekonomi, sikap terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah, paparan media massa, perilaku merokok, konsumsi alkohol, pengalaman pacaran dan komunikasi kesehatan reproduksi dengan tenaga kesehatan. Variabel sikap terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah menjadi faktor yang berhubungan paling dominan dengan perilaku seksual pranikah remaja wanita di perkotaan maupun remaja wanita di perdesaan
Premarital sexual behavior in female adolescent is a problematic behavior that can affect negative impact on health. Female adolescent is a risk group if they get pregnant at young age. The percentage of premarital sexual behavior among female adolescents in both rural and urban areas has increased. This study aims to determine the factors associated with premarital sexual behavior among female adolescent adolescent in rural and urban areas. This research used secondary data from Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 with cross-sectional design. The population in this study were unmarried female adolescent aged 15-24 years. Based on the results of multiple logistic regression, age, alcohol consumption, drug consumption, attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, knowledge of reproductive health, and peer influence are related to premarital sexual behavior of adolescent girls in urban areas. Meanwhile, factors related to premarital sexual behavior of teenage girls in rural areas are age, education, economic status, attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, exposure to mass media, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, dating experience, and reproductive health communication with health workers. The attitude variable towards premarital sexual behavior is the most dominant factor associated with the premarital sexual behavior of female adolescents in urban and rural areas
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Premarital sexual behavior in female adolescent is a problematic behavior that can affect negative impact on health. Female adolescent is a risk group if they get pregnant at young age. The percentage of premarital sexual behavior among female adolescents in both rural and urban areas has increased. This study aims to determine the factors associated with premarital sexual behavior among female adolescent adolescent in rural and urban areas. This research used secondary data from Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 with cross-sectional design. The population in this study were unmarried female adolescent aged 15-24 years. Based on the results of multiple logistic regression, age, alcohol consumption, drug consumption, attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, knowledge of reproductive health, and peer influence are related to premarital sexual behavior of adolescent girls in urban areas. Meanwhile, factors related to premarital sexual behavior of teenage girls in rural areas are age, education, economic status, attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, exposure to mass media, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption, dating experience, and reproductive health communication with health workers. The attitude variable towards premarital sexual behavior is the most dominant factor associated with the premarital sexual behavior of female adolescents in urban and rural areas
S-10933
Depok : FKMUI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Inez Sakhi Wisista; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Popy Yuniar, Uswatun Hasanah
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Latar belakang: Kanker payudara merupakan penyebab utama kematian akibat kanker pada perempuan di Indonesia, dengan data Global Cancer Observatory 2022 mencatatkan 68.271 kasus baru, 209.748 kasus dalam lima tahun terakhir, dan 22.598 kematian. Angka kesintasan 5 tahun pasien kanker payudara di Indonesia relatif rendah dibandingkan dengan negara lain. Berbagai faktor, termasuk faktor individu dan layanan kesehatan, dapat memengaruhi kesintasan pasien. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesintasan pasien kanker payudara peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) beserta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2018-2023 dengan desain studi kohort retrospektif. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode Kaplan-Meier dan uji Cox Proportional Hazard. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kesintasan 5 tahun sebesar 52,2% (95% CI: 46,4-58,7%), yang menunjukkan tingkat kesintasan yang masih rendah. Faktor individu yang berpengaruh terhadap kesintasan adalah status kawin/cerai (aHR = 1,632; 95% CI: 1,102 – 2,416), wilayah tinggal di Regional 4 (aHR = 2,230; 95% CI: 1,497 – 3,321), dan adanya penyakit penyerta ≥1 (aHR = 1,498; 95% CI: 1,182 – 1,899). Sementara itu, faktor penyedia layanan kesehatan yang memengaruhi kesintasan adalah tingkat keparahan II (aHR = 5,566; 95% CI: 3,396 – 9,12) dan tingkat keparahan III (aHR = 11,118; 95% CI: 6,706 – 18,432). Kesimpulan: Kesintasan 5 tahun pasien kanker payudara di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan upaya penanggulangan kanker payudara secara komprehensif, mulai dari masyarakat, BPJS Kesehatan, hingga pemangku kebijakan.
Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Indonesia, with data from the Global Cancer Observatory 2022 recording 68,271 new cases, 209,748 cases in the last five years, and 22,598 deaths. The 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients in Indonesia remains relatively low compared to other countries. Various factors, including individual factors and healthcare services, may affect patient survival. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients under the National Health Insurance (JKN) program and the factors influencing it. Methods: This study uses data from the BPJS Kesehatan sample from 2018 to 2023 with a retrospective cohort study design. The analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox Proportional Hazard test. Results: The study found a 5-year survival rate of 52.2% (95% CI: 46.4-58.7%), indicating a still-low survival rate. Individual factors that influenced survival were marital status (aHR = 1.632; 95% CI: 1.102 – 2.416), residence in Regional 4 (aHR = 2.230; 95% CI: 1.497 – 3.321), and the presence of one or more comorbidities (aHR = 1.498; 95% CI: 1.182 – 1.899). Meanwhile, healthcare provider-related factors influencing survival were severity level II (aHR = 5.566; 95% CI: 3.396 – 9.12) and severity level III (aHR = 11.118; 95% CI: 6.706 – 18.432). Conclusion: The 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients in Indonesia remains low. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are needed to address breast cancer, involving the community, BPJS Kesehatan, and policymakers.
Background: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women in Indonesia, with data from the Global Cancer Observatory 2022 recording 68,271 new cases, 209,748 cases in the last five years, and 22,598 deaths. The 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients in Indonesia remains relatively low compared to other countries. Various factors, including individual factors and healthcare services, may affect patient survival. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients under the National Health Insurance (JKN) program and the factors influencing it. Methods: This study uses data from the BPJS Kesehatan sample from 2018 to 2023 with a retrospective cohort study design. The analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox Proportional Hazard test. Results: The study found a 5-year survival rate of 52.2% (95% CI: 46.4-58.7%), indicating a still-low survival rate. Individual factors that influenced survival were marital status (aHR = 1.632; 95% CI: 1.102 – 2.416), residence in Regional 4 (aHR = 2.230; 95% CI: 1.497 – 3.321), and the presence of one or more comorbidities (aHR = 1.498; 95% CI: 1.182 – 1.899). Meanwhile, healthcare provider-related factors influencing survival were severity level II (aHR = 5.566; 95% CI: 3.396 – 9.12) and severity level III (aHR = 11.118; 95% CI: 6.706 – 18.432). Conclusion: The 5-year survival rate of breast cancer patients in Indonesia remains low. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are needed to address breast cancer, involving the community, BPJS Kesehatan, and policymakers.
S-12037
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Arianty Siahaan; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Besral, Mugia Bayu Raharja
Abstrak:
Angka kematian neonatal di Indonesia masih tergolong tinggi (15 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup), jumlah anak yang dilahirkan oleh seorang wanita (paritas) juga juga masih tinggi, total fertility rate 2,4 per wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh paritas terhadap kematian neonatal di Indonesia. Menggunakan data SDKI 2017 dengan disain cross-sectional mencakup 14,827 kelahiran hidup dalam kurun waktu 2012-2017. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa setelah dikontrol oleh variable usia ibu saat melahirkan, bahwa semakin besar paritas akan meningkatkan risiko kematian neonatal. Paritas ke-3 berisiko 1,12 kali lebih tinggi mengalami kematian neonatal dibandingkan paritas 2 (ORadj=1,12;95%CI: 0,55-2,28). Begitu pula dengan paritas 4+, berisiko 1,82 kali lebih tinggi mengalami kematian neonatal dibandingkan paritas 2 (ORadj =1,12;95%CI: 0,86-3,86). Paritas 1 memiliki risiko 36% lebih rendah mengalami kematian neonatal, dibanding dengan paritas 2. Disarankan perlunya peningkatan program keluarga berencana untuk menurunkan paritas agar terhindar dari risiko kematian neonatal.
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S-9936
Depok : FKM-UI, 2019
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Maritsa Putriniandi Az-Zahra; Pembimbing: Iwan Ariawan; Penguji: Popy Yuniar, Uswatun Hasanah
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Diabetes melitus tipe 2 adalah penyakit tidak menular yang dapat diobati dan konsekuensinya dapat dihindari atau ditunda dengan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, pengobatan, serta skrining dan pengobatan komplikasi secara teratur. Namun, penyakit ini didiagnosis beberapa tahun setelah timbul sehingga komplikasi dan komorbid telah muncul dan menjadi kasus penyakit yang sering sekali masuk dalam daftar 10 besar penyakit yang menjalani rawat inap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keparahan dan komorbiditas terhadap lama rawat inap pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di FKRTL pada peserta BPJS Kesehatan tahun 2023, dengan dikontrol oleh variabel tipe FKRTL, kepemilikan FKRTL, segmentasi, kelas rawat, usia, dan jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sampel BPJS Kesehatan 2023 dengan studi potong-lintang. Analisis yang dilakukan mencangkup analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Analisis bivariat menghasilkan hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat keparahan terhadap lama rawat inap (p-value= 0,001) dan hasil yang tidak signifikan untuk komorbiditas dengan lama rawat inap (p-value= 0,285). Tingkat keparahan sedang dan berat dan komorbiditas dengan skor CCI lebih dari sama dengan 1 beresiko lebih tinggi untuk menjalani lama rawat inap panjang dan beresiko lebih rendah untuk menjalani rawat inap pendek daripada ideal (RRR=4,95; 95%CI=0,82–29,85; RRR=0,46; 95%CI=0,29–0,72 | RRR=1,11; 95%CI= 0,25–4,92; RRR=0,67; 95%CI=0,41–1,10). Analisis multivariat untuk mengontrol variabel tipe FKRTL, kepemilikan FKRTL, segmentasi, kelas rawat, usia, dan jenis kelamin didapatkan hasil yang tetap signifikan antara tingkat keparahan dengan lama rawat inap setelah dikontrol oleh variabel tipe FKRTL dan kepemilikan FKRTL dan komorbiditas tetap tidak signifikan walaupun setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kontrol. Upaya peningkatan program deteksi dini klinis derajat tingkat keparahan dan komorbid DM tipe 2 agar tidak memperpanjang durasi rawat inap akibat komplikasi dan keparahan yang menimbulkan beban kesehatan yang berarti.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that can be treated, and its consequences can be prevented or delayed through proper diet, physical activity, medication, as well as regular screening and treatment of complications. However, this disease is often diagnosed several years after onset, by which time complications and comorbidities may have developed, making it one of the top 10 causes of hospitalizations. This study aims to determine the effect of severity and comorbidity on the length of hospital stay among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in advanced referral health facilities (FKRTL) among BPJS Kesehatan participants in 2023, controlled for variables such as FKRTL type, FKRTL ownership, segmentation, care class, age, and gender. This research used 2023 BPJS Kesehatan sample data with a cross-sectional study design. The analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between severity and length of stay (p-value = 0.001), while comorbidities were not significantly associated with length of stay (p-value = 0.285). Moderate to severe severity and comorbidities with a CCI score of ≥1 were associated with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization and a lower risk of short hospitalization compared to the ideal length of stay (RRR = 4.95; 95% CI = 0.82–29.85; RRR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.29–0.72 | RRR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.25–4.92; RRR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.41–1.10). Multivariate analysis controlling for FKRTL type, FKRTL ownership, segmentation, care class, age, and gender showed that the association between severity and length of stay remained significant after controlling for FKRTL type and FKRTL ownership, while the association between comorbidity and length of stay remained insignificant even after adjusting for control variables. Efforts to enhance clinical early detection programs for the severity level and comorbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus are necessary to prevent prolonged hospital stays due to complications and disease severity, which contribute to a significant healthcare burden.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that can be treated, and its consequences can be prevented or delayed through proper diet, physical activity, medication, as well as regular screening and treatment of complications. However, this disease is often diagnosed several years after onset, by which time complications and comorbidities may have developed, making it one of the top 10 causes of hospitalizations. This study aims to determine the effect of severity and comorbidity on the length of hospital stay among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in advanced referral health facilities (FKRTL) among BPJS Kesehatan participants in 2023, controlled for variables such as FKRTL type, FKRTL ownership, segmentation, care class, age, and gender. This research used 2023 BPJS Kesehatan sample data with a cross-sectional study design. The analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between severity and length of stay (p-value = 0.001), while comorbidities were not significantly associated with length of stay (p-value = 0.285). Moderate to severe severity and comorbidities with a CCI score of ≥1 were associated with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization and a lower risk of short hospitalization compared to the ideal length of stay (RRR = 4.95; 95% CI = 0.82–29.85; RRR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.29–0.72 | RRR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.25–4.92; RRR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.41–1.10). Multivariate analysis controlling for FKRTL type, FKRTL ownership, segmentation, care class, age, and gender showed that the association between severity and length of stay remained significant after controlling for FKRTL type and FKRTL ownership, while the association between comorbidity and length of stay remained insignificant even after adjusting for control variables. Efforts to enhance clinical early detection programs for the severity level and comorbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus are necessary to prevent prolonged hospital stays due to complications and disease severity, which contribute to a significant healthcare burden.
S-12078
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Laila Salsabila; Pembimbing: Sabarinah; Penguji: Popy Yuniar, Teti Tejayanti
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Kelahiran prematur merupakan penyebab kematian neonatal ketiga terbanyak di Indonesia. Kelahiran prematur dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatal/bayi sehingga dapat berdampak pada indikator kesehatan Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi determinan kelahiran prematur di wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan Indonesia. Data berasal dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 dengan menggunakan desain studi potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah perempuan umur 10-54 tahun yang pernah kawin, mempunyai pengalaman reproduksi dalam kurun waktu lima tahun terakhir untuk anak terakhir dengan total sampel 32.288 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Chi Square dan regresi logistik ganda dalam analisisnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa determinan kelahiran prematur di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan yaitu, kunjungan ANC, kehamilan kembar, hipertensi, dan perdarahan antepartum. Usia, ibu, ketuban pecah dini, dan metode persalinan hanya berhubungan di wilayah perkotaan, sedangkan plasenta previa hanya berhubungan di wilayah perdesaan. Kehamilan kembar menjadi variabel yang berhubungan paling dominan dengan kelahiran prematur di wilayah perkotaan dan perdesaan Indonesia
Preterm birth is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, thereby affecting the overall health indicators of the country. This study aims to identify the determinants of preterm birth in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The data were obtained from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 32,288 ever-married women aged 10–54 years who had given birth in the last five years. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that antenatal care (ANC) visits, multiple pregnancies, hypertension, and antepartum hemorrhage were significant determinants of preterm birth in both urban and rural areas. Maternal age, premature rupture of membranes, and mode of delivery were only associated with preterm birth in urban areas, while placenta previa was only significant in rural areas. Multiple pregnancies were the most dominant factor associated with preterm birth in both settings.
Preterm birth is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. It significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, thereby affecting the overall health indicators of the country. This study aims to identify the determinants of preterm birth in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The data were obtained from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 32,288 ever-married women aged 10–54 years who had given birth in the last five years. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression. The results showed that antenatal care (ANC) visits, multiple pregnancies, hypertension, and antepartum hemorrhage were significant determinants of preterm birth in both urban and rural areas. Maternal age, premature rupture of membranes, and mode of delivery were only associated with preterm birth in urban areas, while placenta previa was only significant in rural areas. Multiple pregnancies were the most dominant factor associated with preterm birth in both settings.
S-12016
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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