Abstrak:

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Background: Depok City experienced an increase of 110 cervical cancer cases in 2021-2022. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The HPV immunization program in Indonesia is integrated with school immunization. The national HPV coverage in 2021 is 78.5% at dose 1 and 60.6% at dose 2 and the latest coverage data for Depok City in 2023 is 85.3% (below the 90% target). Immunization coverage depends on the role of parents as decision makers for child immunization. This study aims to find the determinants of children's HPV immunization status, especially from the parents' aspect and get information on the reasons why children do not receive the vaccine. Methods: The study design used was cross sectional with cluster random sampling technique. This study conducted univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using logistic regression. Results: HPV immunization coverage in the sample population was 79.2%. The top two reasons for not vaccinating children were lack of information from the school (41.5%) and sickness or absence from school (26.8%). Bivariate analysis showed that low perceived parental barriers (OR 3.57; 95% CI: 1.69-7.51) and parents who received enough information support from providers (OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.14-7.22) had greater odds of HPV immunization. Conclusions: The high number of uninformed parents/guardians from schools and missed immunizations implies the need to evaluate information delivery procedures and proactively contact parents/guardians of recurrent missed immunizations.

Abstrak: Imunisasi merupakan strategi efektif dalam menurunkan kematian oleh penyakit-penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi. Peningkatan cakupan imunisasi sering dipakai sebagai indikator pelayanan kesehatan. Cakupan imunisasi di Indonesia belum merata, terdapat perbedaan yang cukup signifikan antara beberapa daerah.Dari hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan penolong persalinan berhubungan dengan status imunisasi dasar pada anak usia 12 bulan di Indonesia dengan OR 1,68 (95% CI 1,221-2,315). Meningkatkan peran tenaga kesehatan dalam meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi. Di samping itu tenaga nonkesehatan perlu ditingkatkan pengetahuan dan keahliannya untuk bersama-sama dengan tenaga kesehatan dalam upaya pencapaian imunisasi.

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Immunization is an effective strategy in reducing the death of diseases which can be prevented by immunization. The increase of immunization scope is generally used as an indicator of health services. The immunization scope in Indonesia is not spread evenly yet. there are some significant differences among regions.The goal of this research is to find out what the determinant factor that is related to Complete-Basic Immunization Status toward Children in Age of 12 months in Indonesia with Cross sectional as the research design.

Abstrak: Latar belakang: Pneumonia adalah salah satu penyebab terbesar kematian balita di Indonesia dengan angka kematian 2.200 balita tiap harinya. Imunisasi Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) merupakan upaya pencegahan paling efektif terhadap pneumonia pada anak. Sejak diperkenalkan pada 2017 di Lombok dan 2019 di Bangka Belitung, imunisasi PCV telah diperluas secara bertahap ke beberapa provinsi dan resmi dimasukkan ke program imunisasi rutin nasional pada September 2022. Akan tetapi, hingga akhir 2023, cakupan imunisasi PCV lengkap pada anak di Indonesia baru mencapai 62,7%, jauh di bawah target nasional (100%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor pendukung, pendorong, dan pemungkin dengan status kelengkapan imunisasi PCV pada anak usia 12-23 bulan di Indonesia. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan total sampling diperoleh 9.675 anak usia 12–23 bulan yang menjadi responden SKI 2023. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil: Cakupan imunisasi PCV lengkap nasional pada anak usia 12-23 bulan adalah 32,1%. Faktor yang signifikan berasosiasi dengan kelengkapan imunisasi PCV meliputi memiliki akses ke fasilitas kesehatan yang mudah (OR = 7,71; 95% CI = 5,54-10,73), berstatus imunisasi dasar lengkap (OR = 5,87; 95% CI = 5,29-6,51), tinggal di Kep. Sunda Kecil (OR = 2,69; 95% CI = 2,03-3,56), lahir ditolong oleh tenaga kesehatan (OR = 2,62; 95% CI = 1,23-5,58), memiliki catatan imunisasi (OR = 2,18; 95% CI = 1,92-2,47), dan dilahirkan di fasilitas kesehatan (OR = 2,13; 95% CI: 1,76–2,60). Kesimpulan: Besarnya nilai odds pada anak yang memiliki akses ke fasilitas kesehatan yang mudah menyiratkan bahwa pemerintah masing-masing daerah perlu mengurangi kesenjangan akses ke layanan kesehatan seperti menambah infrastruktur kesehatan di daerah dengan akses sulit dan menyediakan subsidi transportasi atau layanan imunisasi keliling bagi masyarakat dari daerah yang sulit dijangkau.

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Background: Pneumonia is one of the biggest causes of under-five deaths in Indonesia with 2,200 under-five deaths per day. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) immunization is the most effective preventive measure against childhood pneumonia. Since its introduction in 2017 in Lombok and 2019 in Bangka Belitung, PCV immunization has been gradually expanded to several provinces and was officially included in the national routine immunization program in September 2022. However, by the end of 2023, complete PCV immunization coverage among children in Indonesia will only reach 62.7%, far below the national target (100%). This study aimed to analyze the association between predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors with PCV immunization completeness among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with total sampling obtained 9,675 children aged 12-23 months who were respondents of SKI 2023. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test and simple logistic regression. Results: The national complete PCV immunization coverage in children aged 12-23 months was 32.1%. Factors significantly associated with PCV immunization completeness are having easy access to health facilities (OR = 7.71; 95% CI = 5.54-10.73), having complete basic immunization status (OR = 5.87; 95% CI = 5.29-6.51), living in Lesser Sunda Island (OR = 2.69; 95% CI = 2.03-3.56), was born assisted by a health worker (OR = 2.62; 95% CI = 1.23-5.58), had an immunization record (OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.92-2.47), and was born in a health facility (OR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.76-2.60). Conclusion: The large odds ratio for children with easy access to health facilities implies that each local government needs to reduce disparities in access to health services such as adding health infrastructure in areas with difficult access and providing transportation subsidies or mobile immunization services for people from hard-to-reach areas.

Abstrak:

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Abstrak: Karies merupakan penyakit gigi yang banyak dijumpai pada anak-anak usiasekolah dasar di Indonesia. Walaupun tidak menimbulkan kematian, sebagaiakibat dari kerusakan gigi dan jaringan pendukung gigi, dapat mennurunkantingkat produktivitas seseorang, karena dari aspek biologis akan dirasakan sakit,sehingga aktivitas belajar, makan dan tidur terganggu.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri kelas 1 yang ada diWilayah Kerja puskesmas Walantaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuifakor prilaku yang mempengaruhi status karies gigi pada siswa sekolah dasardengan desain cross sectional dan alat yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan databerupa kuesioner.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 238 (69,4%) dari 343 anak yangmenderita karies gigi, jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah perempuan 114 (74%). Daripenelitian ini faktor yang paling beresiko terhadap status karies gigi siswa adalahCara anak menyikat gigi (PR = 2,557), Frekuensi sering mengkonsumsi jajananmanis (PR = 2,197), Pekerjaan ibu (PR = 2,051) dan Frekuensi sikat gigi (PR =1,782).Usaha untuk menurunkan angka karies gigi pada anak yaitu dengan meningkatkan kegiatan program Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah, melalui promotif dan preventif tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut, melalui pemeriksaan gigi dan mulut secara rutin ke sekolah-sekolah sehingga dapat diambil tindakan untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada anaksekolah.
Kata kunci : Karies Gigi

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The research was conducted at the State Primary School Grade 1st in theWork Area Walantaka clinic. This study aims to determine the behavior factoraffect the status of dental caries in primary school students with the cross-sectional design and the tools used to collect data in the form of a questionnaire.Research results showed that 238 (69.4%) of 343 children who suffer fromdental caries, is the most sex women 114 (74%). From this study the risk factorsfor dental caries status of students is the way children brushing their teeth (PR =2.557), frequency often consume sugary snacks (PR = 2.197), maternal work (PR= 2.051) and frequency toothbrush (PR = 1.782). Efforts to reduce the number of dental caries in children by increasingactivity UKGS program, through promotion and prevention of oral health throughoral examination regularly to schools so that they can take action to prevent andaddressthe problem of oral health on school children.
Keywords: Dental Caries.