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International Atomic Energy Agency memperkenalkan konsep budaya keselamatan sebagai respon atas kecelakaan di Chernobyl pada tahun 1986. Konsep ini telah menarik banyak perhatian para ahli dan praktisi untuk mengembangkan konsep yang serupa. Begitu banyak definisi-definisi tentang budaya keselamatan dengan pendekatan yang berbeda-beda. Perkembangan dan ilmu perilaku, sosial, budaya dan manajemen juga tidak dapat dipisahkan dari perkembangan konsep tersebut. Meski demikian, konsep dan model IAEA ini tidak berubah sejak pertama kali diperkenalkan pertama kali walau telah bauyak dokumentasi yang dikembangkan untuk mendukung atau sebagai tambahan dari model awal. Tesis ini mencoba untuk melakukan pengkajian atas konsep budaya keselamatan IAEA dan membuat model yang baru berdasarkan dokumentasi IAEA dan sumber-sumber yang lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan teknik kajian isi terhadap sejumlah dokumen utama IAEA dan beberapa dokurnen tambahan Iainnya. Dari pengkajian tersebut dihasilkan lcritik dan usulan pengembangan konstruk model budaya keselamatan.
International Atomic Energy Agency introduced the concept of safety culture as a respond to Chernobyl disaster in 1986. This concept has raised attention of many experts and practices to develop the concept. Hence,there are many deiinitions of safety culture with different approaches. The development of behavioral, social, culture and management scientific also intluenced the concept. Even tough, the model and concept of IAEA has not been changed since it was introduced at the iirst time. However, much documentation have been produced as supplement to previous model. This research focuses to review the concept of IAEA?s safety culture and create new model based on IAEA docurnentations. By qualitative method, the author tried to interpret the meaning of text and documentation source by content analyses technique.
The implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in the company can be measured with how many accidents happened each year and many professionals have developed leading indicators as safety culture to prevent these. The company focused on oil and gas sector has also potential risk to fires, explosions, environmental poollution and other work accidents. This study aims to provide comprehensive overview of safety culture implementation in the workplace, in particular oil and gas refining company and will be utilized as safety behaviour to achieve target set by the company. The research study included 356 workers in both office and field through online survey asking for demographic items and safety climate dimensions. The statistical analysis was performed with independent-samples T test comparing safety climate items. The study resulted the safety climate in the dimensions of the organization, work and individual earned values of 4.23, 3.98 and 4.36, respectively. Based on the safety factor, Personal Priorities and Need for Safety (PPNS) in general having highest score perception among others, while work environment has lowest score. The mean comparison showed there was no significant among safety climates based on work location and education. Meanwhile the variable of management position indicated mean difference including management commitment, communication, supportive environment, involvement, personal priorities and need for safety, and work environment. In addition, Three categories of common finding from Safety Observation (PEKA): equipment and supplies around 61.29%, environmental conditions 25.32%, and Personal Protective Equipment 5.34%. From the measurement results of the Safety Culture Maturity Level at PT XYZ, it can be seen that PT XYZ is at a calculative level with a value of 3.04. In terms of position level: upper management 3.1 and lower management 2.98.
Safety culture is the assembly of characteristics and attitudes in organizations and individuals which establishes that, as an overriding priority, protection and safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance. Meanwhile, safety performance is a safety achievement that is defined based on targets (planned goals for a certain period of time) and indicators (parameters based on data used to monitor and assess) safety performance. PT. XYZ is one of the manufacturing companies that pays attention to safety culture with occupational risks from beverage production activities. PT. XYZ in the last 5 years shows that there are still occupational accidents in the lost time injury (LTI) and medical treatment injury (MTI) categories. The hazard and risk assessment records in the workplace also show that 80% of hazards and risks are related to human factors. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the relationship between safety culture and safety performance. The research was conducted in 8 factories of PT. XYZ spread throughout Indonesia with 321 employees in the manufacturing sector as respondents. The research was conducted in March – June 2022 using a questionnaire supported by interviews, field observations, and company data. The results showed that the score of the perception of the safety culture of PT. XYZ is 3.83 and is in the good category. The dimension perceived with the highest score is the safety management system and the dimension with the lowest score is work pressure. Statistical calculations show that there is no relationship between safety culture and safety performance at PT. XYZ. Future research is expected to be able to provide a cultural picture not only in the context of safety climate, but also in the context of a comprehensive organizational safety culture
