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Elita Rizkiani Putri; Pembimbing: Budi Haryanto; Penguji: Haryoto Kusno Putranto, Hanung Nurany
Abstrak:
Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan penyakit menular pada saluran pernapasan termasuk tiga besar penyakit penyebab mortalitas balita Indonesia pada 2019—2022. Kota Tangerang, bagian Provinsi Banten yang termasuk peringkat tiga nasional penemuan pneumonia balita tahun 2022, melaporkan 5247 kasus pneumonia balita di tahun yang sama berdasarkan Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan cakupan rumah sehat, status gizi kurang, BBLR, pemberian ASI eksklusif, dan kepadatan penduduk terhadap pneumonia balita di Kota Tangerang tahun 2022. Metode: Studi ekologi dengan unit analisis 13 kecamatan. Data bulanan dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat (Korelasi Pearson dan Korelasi Spearman), dan multivariat (Regresi Linear Berganda). Hasil: Cakupan rumah sehat berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di 2 kecamatan, yaitu Karang Tengah (p-value = 0,036) dengan korelasi kuat negatif (r = -0,607) dan Batuceper (p-value = 0,013) dengan korelasi kuat positif (ρ = 0,689). Pemberian ASI eksklusif berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di Kecamatan Tangerang (p-value = 0,028) dengan korelasi kuat negatif (r = -0,629). Kepadatan penduduk berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita 2 kecamatan, yaitu Karawaci (p-value = 0,045) dengan korelasi kuat positif (r = 0,586) dan Periuk (p-value = 0,015) dengan korelasi kuat positif (ρ = 0,681). Sementara itu, variabel yang tidak berhubungan signifikan (p-value >0,05) dengan kejadian pneumonia balita di seluruh kecamatan adalah status gizi kurang dan BBLR. Pengaruh terbesar kejadian pneumonia balita adalah cakupan rumah sehat di 2 kecamatan (Cipondoh dan Tangerang), status gizi kurang di 7 kecamatan (Ciledug, Karang Tengah, Pinang, Jatiuwung, Cibodas, Periuk, dan Batuceper), BBLR di 3 kecamatan (Larangan, Karawaci, dan Benda), dan kepadatan penduduk di Kecamatan Neglasari. Kesimpulan: Beberapa variabel berhubungan signifikan dan berkorelasi kuat dengan kejadian pneumonia balita, yakni cakupan rumah sehat di Karang Tengah (r = -0,607) dan Batuceper (ρ = 0,689), pemberian ASI eksklusif di Kecamatan Tangerang (r = -0,629), dan kepadatan penduduk di Karawaci (r = 0,586) dan Periuk (ρ = 0,681).
Background: Pneumonia is an infectious respiratory disease and ranks among the top three causes of under-five mortality in Indonesia from 2019—2022. Tangerang City (part of Banten Province that ranked third nationally in under-five pneumonia cases in 2022) reported 5247 pneumonia cases on Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang’s publication. Objective: To examine the relationship between healthy house coverage, wasting, low birth weight (LBW), exclusive breastfeeding, and population density with under-five pneumonia in Tangerang City in 2022. Methods: An ecological study was conducted, with the unit of analysis consisting of 13 sub-districts. Monthly data were analyzed through univariate, bivariate (Pearson and Spearman Correlation), and multivariate analyses (Multiple Linear Regression). Results: Healthy house coverage was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in 2 sub-districts, namely Karang Tengah (p-value = 0,036) with strong and negative correlation (r = -0,607) and Batuceper (p-value = 0,013) with strong and positive correlation (ρ = 0,689). Exclusive breastfeeding was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in Tangerang sub-district (p-value = 0,028) with strong and negative correlation (r = -0,629). Population density was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in 2 sub-districts, namely Karawaci (p-value = 0,045) with strong and positive correlation (r = 0,586) and Periuk (p-value = 0,015) with strong and positive correlation (ρ = 0,681). Meanwhile, variables that were not significantly associated were wasting and LBW. The most significant influences on under-five pneumonia were healthy house coverage in 2 sub-districts (Cipondoh and Tangerang), wasting in 7 sub-districts (Ciledug, Karang Tengah, Pinang, Jatiuwung, Cibodas, Periuk, and Batuceper), LBW in 3 sub-districts (Larangan, Karawaci, and Benda), and population density in Neglasari sub-district. Conclusion: Several variables were significantly related and strongly correlated with under-five pneumonia, namely healthy house coverage in Karang Tengah (r = -0,607) and Batuceper (ρ = 0,689), exclusive breastfeeding in Tangerang sub-district (r = -0,629), and population density in Karawaci (r = 0,586) and Periuk (ρ = 0,681).
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Background: Pneumonia is an infectious respiratory disease and ranks among the top three causes of under-five mortality in Indonesia from 2019—2022. Tangerang City (part of Banten Province that ranked third nationally in under-five pneumonia cases in 2022) reported 5247 pneumonia cases on Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang’s publication. Objective: To examine the relationship between healthy house coverage, wasting, low birth weight (LBW), exclusive breastfeeding, and population density with under-five pneumonia in Tangerang City in 2022. Methods: An ecological study was conducted, with the unit of analysis consisting of 13 sub-districts. Monthly data were analyzed through univariate, bivariate (Pearson and Spearman Correlation), and multivariate analyses (Multiple Linear Regression). Results: Healthy house coverage was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in 2 sub-districts, namely Karang Tengah (p-value = 0,036) with strong and negative correlation (r = -0,607) and Batuceper (p-value = 0,013) with strong and positive correlation (ρ = 0,689). Exclusive breastfeeding was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in Tangerang sub-district (p-value = 0,028) with strong and negative correlation (r = -0,629). Population density was significantly associated with under-five pneumonia in 2 sub-districts, namely Karawaci (p-value = 0,045) with strong and positive correlation (r = 0,586) and Periuk (p-value = 0,015) with strong and positive correlation (ρ = 0,681). Meanwhile, variables that were not significantly associated were wasting and LBW. The most significant influences on under-five pneumonia were healthy house coverage in 2 sub-districts (Cipondoh and Tangerang), wasting in 7 sub-districts (Ciledug, Karang Tengah, Pinang, Jatiuwung, Cibodas, Periuk, and Batuceper), LBW in 3 sub-districts (Larangan, Karawaci, and Benda), and population density in Neglasari sub-district. Conclusion: Several variables were significantly related and strongly correlated with under-five pneumonia, namely healthy house coverage in Karang Tengah (r = -0,607) and Batuceper (ρ = 0,689), exclusive breastfeeding in Tangerang sub-district (r = -0,629), and population density in Karawaci (r = 0,586) and Periuk (ρ = 0,681).
S-11819
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Indra Nopendri; Pembimbing: Budi Hartono; Penguji: Dewi Susanna, Desy Mery Dorsanti
Abstrak:
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Pneuumonia merupakan salah satu penyakit pernapasan yang paling banyak menyumbang kematian dan kesakitan pada anak. Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan bagi dunia dan Indonesia, terutama pada Kota Jakarta Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor cakupan rumah sehat, faktor individu (BBLR), faktor demografi (kepadatan penduduk), dan faktor iklim (suhu dan curah hujan) dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kota Jakarta Barat pada tahun 2018-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan pendekatan analisis korelasi dan analisis spasial dengan unit analisis berupa seluruh kecamatan yang ada di Kota Jakarta Barat selama periode tahun 2018-2022. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tedapatnya hubungan yang bermakna pada variabel cakupan rumah sehat (r= -0,362), BBLR (r= 0,396), kepadatan penduduk (r= 0,484), suhu (r= 0,332), dan curah hujan (r= -0,544). Pada analisis spasial menunjukan bahwa pola persebaran kejadian pneumonia balita di Kota Jakarta Barat tahun 2018-2022 cenderung banyak terjadi wilayah yang memiliki cakupan rumah sehat rendah dan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya preventif dan pengendalian dalam menekan kejadian kasus pneumonia yang banyak terjadi pada daerah dengan cakupan rumah sehat rendah dan kepadatan penduduk yang tinggi.
Pneumonia is one of the respiratory diseases that causes the most deaths and morbidity in children. Pneumonia is still a health problem for the world and Indonesia, especially in the city of West Jakarta. This study aims to analyze the relationship between healthy house coverage factors, individual factors (underweight birth), demographic factors (population density), and climate factors (temperature and rainfall) with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in West Jakarta City in 2018-2022. This research uses an ecological study design with a correlation analysis and spatial analysis approach with the unit of analysis being all sub-districts in West Jakarta City during the 2018-2022 period. The results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between the variables healthy house coverage (r= -0.362), underweight birth (r= 0.396), population density (r= 0.484), temperature (r= 0.332), and rainfall (r= -0.544). Spatial analysis shows that the distribution pattern of toddler pneumonia in West Jakarta City in 2018-2022 tends to occur in areas with low coverage of healthy homes and high population density. Therefore, preventive and control efforts are needed to reduce the incidence of pneumonia cases which often occur in areas with low coverage of healthy houses and high population density.
S-11637
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Irsyad Farhan Africky; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Didik Supriyono
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 2015-2019, seperti cakupan rumah sehat, jumlah penduduk, kepadatan penduduk, suhu, kelembaban, dan curah hujan baik secara statistic dan juga spasial. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi kombinasi atau mix design yang terdiri atas analisis time trend dan juga analisis spasial dengan populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh kecamatan yang berada di wilayah Kabupaten Bogor yang berjumlah 40 kecamatan.
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S-10621
Depok : FKM UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Athaya Yumni Ridianti; Pembimbing: R. Budi Haryanto; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Inu Haryo Harimukti
Abstrak:
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Latar Belakang: Pneumonia merupakan penyakit menular dari manusia ke manusia lain melalui udara yang umumnya disebabkan oleh Streptococcus pneumoniae. Indonesia menempati posisi ke-7 di dunia dengan kasus kematian balita akibat pneumonia dan diare terbanyak pada tahun 2020 dengan 5,6 kematian per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Kota Jakarta Timur menempati posisi ke-2 di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan jumlah kasus pneumonia balita terbanyak. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara status imunisasi, pemberian ASI eksklusif, status gizi buruk dan BBLR dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di 10 kecamatan di Kota Jakarta Timur tahun 2022 dengan data bulanan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan cakupan status imunisasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan di Kecamatan Kramat Jati (p = 0,034; r = 0,613), cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif memiliki hubungan yang signifikan di Kecamatan Cakung (p = 0,021; r = –0,655), cakupan status gizi buruk memiliki hubungan yang tidak signifikan di 10 kecamatan (p = 0,069 – 0,957; r = –0,018 – 0,542) dan cakupan BBLR memiliki hubungan yang tidak signifikan di 10 kecamatan (p = 0,070 – 0,923; r = –0,031 – 0,520).
Background: Pneumonia is a disease transmitted from human to other humans through the air which is generally caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Indonesia occupies the 7th position in the world with the most under-5 mortality cases due to pneumonia and diarrhea in 2020 with 5.6 deaths per 1000 live births. East Jakarta City occupies the 2nd position in DKI Jakarta Province with the highest number of cases of pneumonia under five. Objective: To determine the relationship between immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding, malnutrition status and LBW with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in 10 sub-districts in East Jakarta City in 2022 with monthly data. Results: The results of this study showed that coverage of immunization status had a significant relationship in Kramat Jati District (p = 0.034; r = 0.613), coverage of exclusive breastfeeding had a significant relationship in Cakung District (p = 0.021; r = –0.655), coverage of malnutrition status had an insignificant relationship in 10 sub-districts (p = 0.069 – 0.957; r = –0.018 – 0.542) and LBW coverage had an insignificant relationship in 10 sub-districts (p = 0.070 – 0.923; r = –0.031 – 0.520).
S-11406
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Prima Gita Pradapaningrum; Pembimbing: Haryoto Kusnoputranto; Penguji: Dewi Susanna, Margareta Maria Sintorini Moerdjoko
Abstrak:
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Tengkes (stunting) merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi kurang pada balita yang ada di Indonesia. Pengelolaan sampah yang belum maksimal di TPA dapat menimbulkan pencemaran sanitasi lingkungan yang menjadi faktor penyebab tidak langsung tengkes (stunting) dan perilaku hidup bersih yang kurang. TPA Cipeucang menjadi satu-satunya TPA untuk wilayah Tangerang Selatan dengan 2 kelurahan yang berada dekat dengan TPA mengalami kenaikan kasus tengkes (stunting) pada tahun 2021-2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan sanitasi dasar rumah sehat dan personal higiene rumah tangga dengan kejadian tengkes tengkes (stunting) pada balita di pemukiman sekitar TPA Cipeucang Kota Tangerang Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh balita yang ada di pemukiman sekitar TPA meliputi 2 Kelurahan dengan 4 RT dan 2 RW. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 86 dengan menggunakan teknik total dan purposive sampling. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan April hingga Juni 2023. Analisis data menggunakan univariat, bivariat (uji Chi Square) dan multivariat (uji regresi logistik). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara sarana air minum dengan tengkes (stunting) (p=0,05, POR=1,89) dan menjadi faktor dominan penyebab tengkes (stunting) (p=0,054). Sedangkan sarana air bersih (p=0,374, POR=1,44), sarana jamban (p=0,613, POR=1,22), sarana pembuangan air limbah (p=1,000, POR=1,54), kebersihan kulit (p=1,000, POR=1,24) serta kebersihan kuku dan tangan (p=0,625, POR=1,22) tidak berhubungan dengan tengkes (stunting) namun berpotensi menjadi risiko tengkes (stunting). Sarana pengelolaan sampah padat rumah tangga (p=0,310) tidak ada hubungan dengan tengkes (stunting) dan bukan merupakan faktor risiko. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah sarana sanitasi dasar air minum memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian tengkes (stunting) dan menjadi faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kejadian tengkes (stunting) pada balita di pemukiman sekitar TPA Cipeucang Kota Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2023.
Stunting is one of malnutrition problems towards toddlers in Indonesia. Environmental sanitation has an important role against stunting. Waste management that has not been maximized at landfill can cause environmental sanitation pollution and lack of healthy hygiene behavior. Cipeucang Landfill is the only landfill for South Tangerang City with 2 sub-districts that are close to the landfill and have an increase stunting case in 2021-2022. This study aims to determine the relationship between basic healthy home sanitation and household personal hygiene with stunting case towards toddlers in settlements around Cipeucang Landfill, Tangerang Selatan City. This type of research is observational analytic through a cross sectional approach. The study population was all toddlers in settlements around Cipeucang Landfill with 2 Sub-Districts (4 RTs and 2 RWs). The research sample was 86 using a total and purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted from April to June 2023. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate (Chi Square test) and multivariate (logistic regression test). The results showed that there was relation between drinking water facilities and stunting (p=0.05, POR=1.89) and became a dominant factor causing stunting (p=0.054). While clean water facilities (p=0.374, POR=1.44), latrines (p=0.613, POR=1.22), waste water disposal facilities (p=1.000, POR=1.54), skin hygiene (p=1.000, POR=1.24) and hand and nail hygiene (p=0.625, POR=1.22) were not related to stunting but were potentially a risk of stunting. Household solid waste management facilities (p=0.310) have no relation with stunting and is not a risk factor. The conclusion in this study is basic sanitation facility for drinking water has a significant relationship with stunting case and is the dominant factor influencing stunting case towards toddlers in the settlements around TPA Cipeucang, South Tangerang City, 2023.
T-6751
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Balqis Nila Estasya; Pembimbing: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Yulia Fitria Ningrum
Abstrak:
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Pneumonia menjadi penyebab kematian terbesar pada anak di Indonesia termasuk di Kota Depok salah satu kota di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Cakupan penemuan kasus pneumonia pada balita di Kota Depok meningkat hingga mencapai 52.88% di tahun 2022. Faktor risiko dari penjamu, lingkungan, dan agen mempengaruhi peningkatan cakupan penemuan kasus pneumonia pada balita di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif, cakupan BBLR, cakupan rumah sehat, dan kepadatan penduduk terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kota Depok tahun 2013-2022. Desain studi yang digunakan yaitu desain studi ekologi dan populasinya yaitu seluruh balita terdiagnosis pneumonia di Kota Depok. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan variabel-variabel yang menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara lain cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif (p = 0.000, r = -0.497), cakupan BBLR (p = 0.011, r = 0.242), dan cakupan rumah sehat (p = 0,026, r = 0.212). Sementara, variabel kepadatan penduduk tidak menunjukkan hubungan terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita (p = 0.099, r = 0.158). Adanya hubungan antara cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif, BBLR, dan rumah sehat terhadap kejadian pneumonia pada balita di Kota Depok diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan untuk merencanakan program pencegahan dan pengedalian pneumonia di Kota Depok kedepannya.
Pneumonia is the biggest cause of death in children in Indonesia, including in Depok City, one of the cities in West Java. The coverage of pneumonia case detection in toddlers in Depok City increased up to 52.88% in 2022. Risk factors from hosts, environment, and agents affect the increase in the coverage of pneumonia case detection in toddlers in Depok City. This study aims to determine the relationship between the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, LBW coverage, healthy household coverage, and population density on the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in Depok City in 2013-2022. The study design used was an ecological study design and the population was all toddlers diagnosed with pneumonia in Depok City. The results of the study produced variables that showed a significant relationship including the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.000, r=-0.497), the coverage of LBW (p=0.011, r=0.242), and the coverage of healthy household (p=0.026, r=0.212). Meanwhile, the population density variable showed no relationship to the incidence of pneumonia (p=0.099, r=0.158). The existence of a relationship between the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding, LBW, and healthy household to the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers in Depok City is expected to be an input for planning pneumonia prevention and control programs in Depok City in the future.
S-11323
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Tiara Ananda; Pembimbing: Laila Fitria; Penguji: Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Nurusysyarifah Aliyyah
Abstrak:
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Pneumonia adalah salah satu penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) yang menyerang alveoli dan disebabkan oleh bakteri, virus, dan jamur. Pneumonia menjadi penyakit utama yang membunuh anak dibawah usia lima tahun (balita). Kelurahan Ancol menunjukkan tren fluktuatif kasus pneumoniaa dan didominasi oleh permukiman padat, menjadikannya wilayah yang rentan terhadap penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor balita, perilaku anggota keluarga dan rumah dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kelurahan Ancol. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus kontrol dengan total sampel 36 responden. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi lingkungan. Analisis data yang dilakukan meliputi analisis univariat, analisis bivariat, dan analisis multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel usia memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian pneumonia dan menjadi faktor yang dipredisksi paling dominan mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia. Puskesmas Kelurahan Ancol dapat meningkatkan penyuluhan rutin kepada keluarga balita mengenai pentingnya ventilasi dan pencahayaan alami rumah, bahaya asap rokok, dan asap dari obat nyamuk bakar.
Pneumonia is one of the acute respiratory infections (ARI) that affect the alveoli and is caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Pneumonia remains a leading cause of death among children under five years old. Kelurahan Ancol shows a fluctuating trend of pneumonia cases and is dominated by densely populated settlements, making it a vulnerable area for disease transmission. This study aims to analyze the relationship between child, family behavioral, housing conditions factors with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five in the working area of Puskesmas Kelurahan Ancol. A case-control study design was employed, involving a total of 36 respondents in both case and control groups. Data were collected through interviews and environmental observations. The analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate approaches. The results revealed that age had a significant association with pneumonia incidence and was identified as the dominant predictive factor influencing its occurrence. Puskesmas Kelurahan Ancol can enhance routine health education for families with children under five regarding the importance of home ventilation and natural lighting, as well as the dangers of cigarette smoke and mosquito coil smoke.
Pneumonia is one of the acute respiratory infections (ARI) that affect the alveoli and is caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Pneumonia remains a leading cause of death among children under five years old. Kelurahan Ancol shows a fluctuating trend of pneumonia cases and is dominated by densely populated settlements, making it a vulnerable area for disease transmission. This study aims to analyze the relationship between child, family behavioral, housing conditions factors with the incidence of pneumonia among children under five in the working area of Puskesmas Kelurahan Ancol. A case-control study design was employed, involving a total of 36 respondents in both case and control groups. Data were collected through interviews and environmental observations. The analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate approaches. The results revealed that age had a significant association with pneumonia incidence and was identified as the dominant predictive factor influencing its occurrence. Puskesmas Kelurahan Ancol can enhance routine health education for families with children under five regarding the importance of home ventilation and natural lighting, as well as the dangers of cigarette smoke and mosquito coil smoke.
S-12068
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Septiria Irawati; Pembimbing: Ema Hermawati; Penguji: R. Budi Haryanto, Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Sulistiyawati Murdiningrum, Ni Ketut Aryastami
Abstrak:
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Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh akibat kekurangan gizi kronis. Tidak hanya disebabkan oleh kurangnya asupan makanan, stunting juga disebabkan oleh kejadian infeksi berulang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran cakupan imunisasi dan kejadian penyakit infeksi berbasis lingkungan, korelasinya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita, serta rekomendasi intervensi pengendalian stunting di Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta. Metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi multiple-group study dengan data kecamatan sebagai unit analisis. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah prevalensi stunting, persentase cakupan imunisasi, prevalensi diare, dan prevalensi ISPA (Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut) pada balita per bulan selama setahun pada 44 kecamatan di DKI Jakarta yang dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan korelasi signifikan antara imunisasi dengan stunting di 6 kecamatan, diare dan stunting di 4 kecamatan, serta ISPA dan stunting di 12 kecamatan. Intervensi yang direkomendasikan adalah upaya penurunan prevalensi ISPA untuk menurunkan prevalensi stunting melalui intensifikasi pencarian dan pengobatan kasus, pemberian perlindungan spesifik dan imunisasi, pemberantasan penyakit berbasis lingkungan, serta upaya kemitraan lintas sektor.
Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive due to chronic malnutrition. Not only caused by a lack of food intake, stunting is also caused by repeated infections. The purpose of this study was to describe the scope of immunization and the incidence of environmental-based infectious diseases, its correlation with the incidence of stunting in children under five, as well as recommendations for stunting control interventions in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta Province. The research methodology used a multiple-group study design with sub-district data as the unit of analysis. The data collected was the prevalence of stunting, the percentage of immunization coverage, the prevalence of diarrhea, and the prevalence of ARI (Accute Respiratoty Infection) in under-fives per month for a year in 44 sub-districts in DKI Jakarta which were statistically analyzed using a correlation test. Statistical test results showed a significant correlation between immunization and stunting in 6 sub-districts, diarrhea and stunting in 4 sub-districts, and ARI and stunting in 12 sub-districts. The recommended interventions are efforts to reduce the prevalence of ARI to reduce the prevalence of stunting through intensifying case search and treatment, providing specific protection and immunization, eradicating environment-based diseases, and cross-sector partnership efforts.
T-6784
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Kristina; Pembimbing: I Made Djaja; Penguji: Yovsyah, Suhardiman
S-6533
Depok : FKM UI, 2011
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Rizsa Fauziah Ichwani; Pembimbing: Ema Hermawati; Penguji: Zakianis,Ririn Arminsih Wulandari, Hasnawati Amqam, Nur Dian Rakhmawati
Abstrak:
Kasus pneumonia sampai saat ini masih menempati posisi pertama sebagai penyakit menular yang menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pada balita di Indonesia. Kota Semarang dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir belum menunjukkan adanya penurunan tren kasus pneumonia balita berdasarkan Profil Kesehatan Kota Semarang. Faktor iklim menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi kerentanan pada host dan menghadirkan kondisi lingkungan yang mendukung patogen pneumonia untuk bertahan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara paparan variabilitas iklim (lama penyinaran matahari, suhu udara rata-rata, kelembaban relatif, curah hujan dan kecepatan angin maksimum) terhadap kejadian pneumonia balita di Kota Semarang pada tahun 2012 – 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi deret waktu. Metode analisis meliputi univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder kasus pneumonia balita dan data iklim Kota Semarang tahun 2012-2021. Pada hasil univariat mendapati bahwa rata-rata kasus tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Maret. Analisis pada data iklim memperoleh hasil rata-rata lama penyinaran matahari tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Agustus. Suhu udara rata-rata tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Oktober. Kelembaban relatif tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Januari-Februari. Rata-rata curah hujan tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Januari-Februari. Rata-rata kecepatan angin maksimum tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Januari. Uji korelasi spearman menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (p < 0,05) pada lag 0 kelembaban relatif (r = 0,212) dan curah hujan (r = 0,198); lag 1 lama penyinaran matahari (r = - 0,206), suhu udara rata-rata (r = - 0,382), kelembaban relatif (r = 0,336), curah hujan (r = 0,283); lag 2 lama penyinaran matahari (r = - 0,270), suhu udara rata-rata (r = - 0,332), kelembaban relatif (r = 0,282), curah hujan (r = 0,185); lag 3 lama penyinaran matahari (r = - 0,240), curah hujan (r = 0,195). Uji multivariat GAMs poisson memperoleh hasil bahwa lama penyinaran matahari (lag 0, 1 dan 3), suhu udara rata-rata (lag 1 dan 3), kelembaban relatif (lag 3), curah hujan (lag 1) dan kecepatan angin maksimum (lag 2) berpengaruh terhadap pneumonia balita di Kota Semarang (R2 = 0,558; RMSE = 6,94). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut penting bagi masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan terhadap variabilitas iklim dan pada Dinas Kesehatan diharapkan dapat mempertimbangkan pola variabilitas iklim pada bulan-bulan yang menunjukkan adanya potensi peningkatan kasus pada perencanaan penanggulangan dan kegiatan surveilans pneumonia balita di Kota Semarang.
Until now, pneumonia cases still occupy the first position as an infectious disease that causes morbidity and mortality in children under five in Indonesia. The city of Semarang in the last 10 years has not shown a decrease in the trend of pneumonia cases under five based on the Semarang City Health Profile. Climatic factors are one of the risk factors that can affect the susceptibility of the host and present environmental conditions that support pneumonia pathogens to survive. This study aims to determine the correlation between exposure to climate variability (length of sunshine, average air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and maximum wind speed) on the incidence of pneumonia under five in Semarang City in 2012 – 2021. This study used an ecological study design. time series. Methods of analysis include univariate, bivariate and multivariate. This study uses secondary data on cases of pneumonia under five and the climate data of Semarang City in 2012-2021. The univariate results found that the highest average case occurred in March. Analysis of climate data obtained the result that the highest average length of sunshine occurred in August. The highest average air temperature occurs in October. The highest relative humidity occurs in January-February. The highest average rainfall occurs in January-February. The highest average maximum wind speed occurs in January. Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship (p < 0,05) at lag 0 relative humidity (r = 0.212) and rainfall (r = 0.198); lag 1 duration of sunshine (r = - 0.206), average air temperature (r = - 0.382), relative humidity (r = 0.336), rainfall (r = 0.283); lag 2 duration of sunshine (r = - 0.270), average air temperature (r = - 0.332), relative humidity (r = 0.282), rainfall (r = 0.185); lag 3 duration of sunshine (r = - 0.240), rainfall (r = 0.195). The multivariate test of GAMs Poisson obtained the results that the duration of sunlight (lags 0, 1 and 3), average air temperature (lags 1 and 3), relative humidity (lag 3), rainfall (lag 1) and maximum wind speed (lag 2) has an effect on pneumonia under five in the city of Semarang (R2 = 0.558; RMSE = 6.94). Based on these results, it is important for the community to increase awareness of climate variability and the Health Office is expected to consider the pattern of climate variability in the months that indicate a potential increase in cases in prevention planning and surveillance activities for pneumonia under five in Semarang City.
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Until now, pneumonia cases still occupy the first position as an infectious disease that causes morbidity and mortality in children under five in Indonesia. The city of Semarang in the last 10 years has not shown a decrease in the trend of pneumonia cases under five based on the Semarang City Health Profile. Climatic factors are one of the risk factors that can affect the susceptibility of the host and present environmental conditions that support pneumonia pathogens to survive. This study aims to determine the correlation between exposure to climate variability (length of sunshine, average air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall and maximum wind speed) on the incidence of pneumonia under five in Semarang City in 2012 – 2021. This study used an ecological study design. time series. Methods of analysis include univariate, bivariate and multivariate. This study uses secondary data on cases of pneumonia under five and the climate data of Semarang City in 2012-2021. The univariate results found that the highest average case occurred in March. Analysis of climate data obtained the result that the highest average length of sunshine occurred in August. The highest average air temperature occurs in October. The highest relative humidity occurs in January-February. The highest average rainfall occurs in January-February. The highest average maximum wind speed occurs in January. Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship (p < 0,05) at lag 0 relative humidity (r = 0.212) and rainfall (r = 0.198); lag 1 duration of sunshine (r = - 0.206), average air temperature (r = - 0.382), relative humidity (r = 0.336), rainfall (r = 0.283); lag 2 duration of sunshine (r = - 0.270), average air temperature (r = - 0.332), relative humidity (r = 0.282), rainfall (r = 0.185); lag 3 duration of sunshine (r = - 0.240), rainfall (r = 0.195). The multivariate test of GAMs Poisson obtained the results that the duration of sunlight (lags 0, 1 and 3), average air temperature (lags 1 and 3), relative humidity (lag 3), rainfall (lag 1) and maximum wind speed (lag 2) has an effect on pneumonia under five in the city of Semarang (R2 = 0.558; RMSE = 6.94). Based on these results, it is important for the community to increase awareness of climate variability and the Health Office is expected to consider the pattern of climate variability in the months that indicate a potential increase in cases in prevention planning and surveillance activities for pneumonia under five in Semarang City.
T-6567
Depok : FKM UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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