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Setiap tahunya diperkirakan 289.000 ibu dan 2,62 Juta neonatal meninggal di seluruh dunia. Indonesia sendiri menduduki peringkat ke lima sebagai negara di wilayah Asia Tenggara dengan tingkat kematian neonatal dengan 11.7 kematian per 1000 kelahiran. Penyebab utamanya adalah BBLR, Afiksia, dan infeksi. Upaya pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengurangi kematian neonatal adalah salah satunya dengan cakupan kunjungan neonatal ke pelayanan kesehatan. Namun cakupan kunjungan neonatal belum mampu mencapai target RENSTRA (88 %). Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018 Provinsi Papua (19.2 %) dan Provinsi Papua Barat (14.7 %) merupakan dua provinsi dengan cakupan kunjungan neonatal terendah di Indonesia. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui factor yang berhubungan dengan ketidaklengkapan kunjungan neonatal di Provinsi Papua dan Provinsi Papua Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang untuk menganalisis data Riskesdas 2018 pada 1.956 ibu yang memiliki anak usia 0 – 59 bulan dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistic ganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan 3 faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan ketidaklengkapan kunjungan neonatal yaitu penolong persalinan, pendidikan ibu, dan riwayat ANC setelah dikontrol oleh variabel pekerjaan, tempat persalinan, pemanfaatan buku KIA.
Every year an estimated 289,000 mothers and 2.62 million neonatal deaths occur worldwide. Indonesia alone ranks fifth as a country in the Southeast Asian region with a neonatal mortality rate of 11.7 deaths per 1000 births. The main causes are LBW, Afiksia, and infection. The Indonesian government's effort to reduce neonatal mortality is one of them with the coverage of neonatal visits to health services. However, the coverage of neonatal visits has not been able to reach the RENSTRA target (88%). Based on Riskesdas 2018, Papua Province (19.2%) and West Papua Province (14.7%) are the two provinces with the lowest coverage of neonatal visits in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the factors associated with incomplete neonatal visits in Papua and West Papua Provinces. This study used a cross-sectional design to analyze Riskesdas 2018 data on 1,956 mothers with children aged 0 - 59 months and analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. The results of this study obtained 3 dominant factors associated with incomplete neonatal visits, namely delivery assistants, maternal education, and ANC history after being controlled by variables of employment, place of delivery, utilization of the MCH book in pregnancy history and in newborn history (AOR = 16.41 95% CI 7.65-35.22).
One of the causes of infant mortality in Indonesia is infection. Immunization is an effective way to provide additional immunity to infants, protecting them from infections. Low immunization coverage can potentially lead to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD). Therefore, strategies are needed to catch up, recover, and strengthen the system sustainably, thereby increasing basic immunization coverage. The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with the status of complete basic immunization among children in Indonesia. The study design used was cross-sectional, utilizing data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The study results found that the proportion of complete basic immunization coverage in Indonesia was only 32.4%. Statistical analysis showed that mother’s age (PR: 1,958; 95% CI: 1,15-3,33), maternal education level (PR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.18–1.44), ownership of health insurance (PR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.41–1.38), place of delivery (PR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.77–2.86), frequency of ANC visits (PR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.47–1.77), residence location (PR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.38–1.67), and paternal education level (PR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.09–1.32) were associated with the status of complete basic immunization in Indonesia.
Population and family planning development makes serious effort to improvethe quality and control the quantity of Indonesians. Data (Susenas, 2015) show thenumber of contraceptive use decreased from 61.75% by 2014 to 59.98% by 2015, inline with the improvement of unmet need for contraception from 10.98% by 2014 to15.8% by 2016 (SRPJMN, 2016). Unmet need for contraception is an inconsistency ofcontraceptive requirement or known in this research as type 1 unmet need. Besides thetype 1 unmet need there is type 2 unmet need that is mismatch of contraception usage.This study aims to know factors related to type 1 unmet need and type 2 unmet need forcontraception of family planning in West Sumatra Province. This was a study using datafrom National Mid-Term Development Plan Survey (SRPJMN) of West Sumatra for theyear 2017. We used the multinomial logistic regression to analyze the data for 1,180couples of reproductive age. The categories of dependent variable were type 1 unmetneed, type 2 unmet need, and met need. Independent variables consists of predisposingfactors and supporting factors. The results show the majority (58.5%) of subjects aged >35 years, number of children ≤ 2 (57.7%), and living in rural area (60.9%). Theproportion of type 2 unmet need (29.7%) is higher than type 1 unmet need (22.2%). Themultivariate analysis shows that variables related to type 1 unmet need were residence(OR = 1.4), counseling (OR = 4.2), education (1.7), and family planning health workervisit (OR = 0.6). While variables related to type 2 unmet need were residence (OR =1.4) and counseling (OR = 3.2). The most dominant variable associated with type 1unmet need and type 2 unmet need was counseling. Recommendations are addressed tofamily planning health workers in order to improve quality in family planning services,collaborate with religious leaders and community leaders to commit effectivecounseling so it can improve the needs of contraception and rational use of familyplanning.Keywords: type 1 unmet need, type 2 unmet need, family planning, RPJMN, WestSumatra.
One of the nutritional problems in children under five is the main priority is stunting.Stunting in toddlers is caused by chronic malnutrition from the beginning ofdevelopment where the consequences are permanent. Stunting problems can have long-term effects on individuals and communities, including reduced cognitive, physical,productive and poor health, and an increased risk of degenerative diseases. The purposeof this study was to determine factors related to stunting incidence in toddlers in WestSumatera Province in 2017. This study uses secondary data Monitoring Nutrition Statusof West Sumatera Province with cross sectional study design and 6421 children underfive years old. Processing and data analysis using chi-square test (bivariate) andmultiple logistic regression test prediction model (multivariate). The result of statisticaltest shows that there is a significant relationship between toddler age, sex, mother'sheight, mother education, number of household member and residence area withstunting in children. Toddler age is the most dominant factor with stunting incidence intoddlers. It is recommended to support the improvement of public nutritionimprovement program budget in the effort to overcome the problem of stunting andarrange the program activity according to the need in the field and pay attention to thenutritional requirement of children according to the age stage.Keywords: Stunting, Toddler 0-59 month, West Sumatera.
Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan antara masa kanak-kanak dan masa dewasa yang ditandai oleh berbagai perubahan fisik, emosi dan psikis. Perubahan fisik dan psikis yang tidak seimbang menyebabkan remaja remaja memerlukan pengertian, bimbingan dan dukungan lingkungan disekitarnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Mimika pada bulan Maret 2008 dengan subjek penelitian remaja 4 Sekolah Menengah Atas dengan sampel 200 responden. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode klaster dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 200 siswa. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan uji regresi logistik. Hasil analisis ditemukan sebanyak 35% remaja SMA di Kabupaten Mimika memiliki perilaku seksual berisiko, dimana 14% diantaranya sudah pernah berhubungan seksual. Hasil analisis selanjutnya ditemui melalui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja setelah dikontrol yaitu komunikasi dengan teman tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan seksualitas„ peran adapt/tradisi terhadap berbagai perilaku seksual, pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan seksualitas, sikap terhadap berbagai perilaku seksual, dan keterpaparan dengan media tentang seksualitas. Diantara berbagai faktor tersebut, komunikasi dengan teman merupakan faktor paling dominant berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja pada siswa SMA di Kabupaten Mimika tahun 2008, dimana remaja yang berkomunikasi aktif dengan teman tentang kesehatan reproduksi tentang seksualitas berpeluang 5 kali untuk berperilaku seksual berisiko dibandingkan dengan remaja yang tidak aktif berkomunikasi dengan teman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan untuk sekolah membentuk peer educator di lingkungan sekolah sedangkan dinas kesehatan (puskesmas) dapat mengaktifkan program Pelayanan Kesehatan Peduli Remaja. Kepada para tokoh agama dan adat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penyuluhan dan pembelajaran sehingga adapt/tradisi yang permisif secara perlahan akan hilang.
Adolescent period is known as transition period from childhood to adult which indicated by identified with the changes of physical, emotion and psychology of the individual. Adolescent need congeniality support and tuition about him/her because the changes of phychical and psychical uneven. This research was quantitative research that using cross sectional research design. Research location in Mimika in the month of march 2008 with adolescent population at 4 Senior High School and the sample as 200 respondents. Variable studied are consisting of demographic factors (sex), thoughts and feelings factors (knowledge and attitudes), reinforcing factors (communication with the parent, peer and teacher), resources factors (exposure on media) and culture factors (local tradition). Data processing performed by logistics regression examination. The result of the research showed from 200 Senior High School adolescent in Mimika, 35% have sexual behavior at risk even 14% among others have sexual intercourse. Result of the research analysis, variable that having significantly related to adolescent sexual behavior are: communication with peers about reproduction health, local tradition on a variety sexual behavior, knowledge reproduction health, attitude to a variety sexual behavior and media information exposure. Among those factors, communication with the peers is the dominant factor related with the adolescent sexual behavior at senior high school in Mimika, 2008, where aldolescent communication actively with the peer, were more than five times as high risky sexual behavior. Based on result this research, it is suggested peers educator at surrounding school, activate Service Health Program for Adolescent Care and counseling and learning increases so that permissive tradition slowly will be decreased.
Angka Kematian Bayi di Indonesia masih relatif tinggi, yaitu 35 per l 000 kelahiran' hidup. Salah satu cam untuk menurunkannya adalah dengan memberikan Air Susu Ibu dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran. Proporsi pemberian Air Susu lbu dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran di Indonesia menurut Survei Kesehatan dan Demografi Indonesia hanya 38,7%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui proporsi pernberian ASI dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran dan falctor-faktor yang berhubungan serta faktor poling dominan dengan pemberian AS!dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Thnur pada tahun 2003 dengan menggunakan data sekunder ASUH 2003. Desain yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Populasi studi adalah semua rumah tangga yang tinggal di 4 kabupaten di Jawa barat, yaotu: Cirebon, Cianjur, Ciamis dan Karawang serta di 4 kabupaten di propinsi Jawa Timur, yaitu: Kediri, Blitar, Mojokerto dan Pasuruan, pada tahun 2003. Sampel adalah ibu yang mempunyai bayi berusia 12 bulan, yaitu sebanyak 2240 responden. Analisis data diolah secara statistik analisis univariat, bivariat menggunakan Chi Square dan multivariate dengen Multiple Regression Logistik. Hasil analisis menemukan proposi pemberian ASI dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran bayi, sebesar 26,3%. Faktor yang berhubungan bermakna dengan pemberian ASI dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran tersebut adalah niat Ibu, pengetahuan ibu dan tempat persalinan. Pada variabel ini didapatkan peluang ibu yang berniat memberikan ASI sebesar 9,387 kali dibandingkan ibu yang tidak bemiat memberikan AS!dalam satu jam setelah kelahiran (95% CI I,572-56,072). Sementara peluang ibu memberikan AS! sebesar 8,251 (95% CI 6,581-10,343) pada ibu yang berpengetahuan baik dibandingkan ibu yang bepengetahuan kurang tentang AS!dalam satu jam. Sementara tempat persali_nan pe!uangnya 0,758 (95% 0,613-0,939) pada tempat persalinan pelayanan kesehatan dibandingkan yang bukan tempat pelayanan kesehatan. Pada analisis muultivariat dikelahui faktor yang paling dominan adalah niat ibu untuk memberikan ASI dalam satu jam setelah kelalriran. Kesimpulannya pemberian AS!dalam satu jam kelahiran proporsinya masih rendah. Dengan adanya pengetahuan yang baik dan niat untuk memberiken ASI dalam satu jam diharapkan proporsi ibu yang akan melahirkan agar memberikan ASI dalam satu jam kelahiran akan meningkat. Pada pelayanan di tempat kesehatan diharapkan adanya peningkatan pemberian ASI dalam satu jam setetah kelahiran.
