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Hubungan antara kualitas udara dengan masalah kesehatan pernapasan dan kardiovaskular su- dah banyak diteliti, tetapi studi mengenai kualitas udara dengan demam berdarah dengue masih terbatas. Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di dunia, baik di wilayah tropis maupun subtropis. Studi ekologi dila- kukan di DKI Jakarta, salah satu wilayah yang memiliki jumlah kasus DBD tertinggi di Asia Tenggara, untuk meneliti hubungan antara Incidence Rate (IR) DBD dengan polusi udara, kece- patan angin, luas ruang terbuka hijau, serta kepadatan penduduk selama 2019–2023. Dilakukan pendekatan uji korelasi, uji Kruskal wallis, uji regresi linear berganda, dan analisis spasial. Ha- silnya menunjukkan bahwa semakin buruk kualitas udara, maka IR DBD cenderung menurun, dan sebaliknya pada uji korelasi, uji Kruskall-Wallis, dan regresi. Kecepatan angin, kepadat- an penduduk, dan luas ruang terbuka hijau memiliki hubungan negatif signifikan terhadap IR DBD di hampir seluruh wilayah di DKI Jakarta. Pada analisis spasial, IR DBD cenderung lebih tinggi di wilayah dengan polusi udara tinggi, luas ruang terbuka hijau rendah, dan kepadatan penduduk tinggi, sedangkan kecepatan angin menunjukkan variabilitas dan tidak tampak pola yang konsisten. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan masukan bagi Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) untuk meningkatkan akurasi prediksi dini IR DBD di DKI Jakarta.
The associations between respiratory and cardiovascular health outcomes with air quality have been well examined. Less conclusive are the studies assessing the relationship between air quality and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), a mosquito-borne illness which remains a public health problem worldwide. We examined this relationship in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, where the burden of DHF is among the highest across South-East Asian region. We analyzed the correlation between dengue incidence rate and variations in air pollution, wind speed, vegetation greenness, and population density in DKI Jakarta from 2019 to 2023 using the ecological study method. The results indicated that poorer air quality was generally associated with lower dengue incidence rate, as shown in the correlation, Kruskal-Wallis test, and regression tests. Wind speed, population density, and green open space area showed significant negative relationships with dengue incidence rate across most areas in DKI Jakarta. In the spatial analysis, dengue incidence rate tended to be higher in areas with high air pollution, low green vegetation, and high population density, while wind speed showed variability and did not indicate a consistent pattern. Variations in the concentrations of these air pollutants may inform short-term DHF forecasts by the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG)
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes who infected with dengue virus. DHF have been affecting more than 100 tropical and sub-tropical countries in the world. Around 1.8 billion (more than 70%) of the population at risk of dengue fever worldwide live in countries of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Region, including Indonesia. In 2016, DKI Jakarta was assigned the status of outbreak of DHF, with a total of 22,697 cases and an incidence rate (IR) of 220.8 per 100,000 population. West Jakarta is one of the regions with the highest DHF incidence rate compared to other cities in DKI Jakarta. This study aims to determine the spatial analysis of the incidence of dengue in West Jakarta in 2015-2019 by considering several factors such as demographics, climate, and larval free index. This study uses an ecological study with a spatial analysis approach and correlation analysis to see the strength of the relationship between the incidence of DHF with factors of population density, climate, and larvae free index. Spatially the incidence of DHF tends to occur in areas with high density and low larvae free index. Statistically, correlation analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between population density, air humidity, and rainfall with the incidence of DHF. Meanwhile, there is no significant correlation between the air temperature and larvae free index with the incidence of DHF in West Jakarta. Result shows that from 56 urban villages in West Jakarta, there are 53 urban villages that are categorized as high vulnerability, and 3 urban villages categorized as medium vulnerability. The high problem of dengue cases in West Jakarta makes the authorities should increase efforts or planning and optimize community empowerment in eradicating dengue cases. Keywords: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Population Density, Climate, Larvae Free Index, Spatial Analysis.
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Indonesia shows a fluctuating pattern and tends to increase every three years. Depok City ranked second in terms of the highest number of DHF cases in West Java. Environmental factors such as climate, vector density, and population density were suspected to play a role in the spread of this disease. This study aimed to spatially identify the association between environmental factors (temperature, rainfall, humidity, House Index [HI], Larvae Free Index [ABJ], and population density) and DHF incidence in each sub-district of Depok City from 2022 to 2024. This study employed an ecological design with a spatial approach. Secondary data were obtained from the Depok City Health Office, the Depok City Statistics Agency, and NASA. Spatial analysis was conducted using QGIS and GeoDa to calculate spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I and LISA). The mapping results showed a significant increase in DHF cases in 2024. LISA analysis indicated spatial clustering among climate factors, vector indices, population density, and DHF incidence in several sub-districts. It was concluded that there were specific areas that should be prioritized for disease control interventions.
Dengue is a systematic viral infection, which is transmitted between humans by the Aedes mosquito. Currently, dengue is the fastest spreading vector-borne disease in the world and the highest prevalence rate di the tropical and subtropical regions. Indonesia ranks the second highest in dengue cases among 30 dengue endemic countries in the world. DKI Jakarta and West Java Provinces contributed approximately 33% of the total dengue cases throughout Indonesia in the 1999-2018 period, while Bengkulu Province ranks the lowest for the number of dengue cases within the same period. This study aims to find the effects of climate factors to the number of dengue case in 1999-2018 period. Timetrend ecologic study design is conducted in this research. The inclusion criteria for the district or city to be selected as sample study, is that the district or city must have at least one weather station within its administrative area, and that the whole administrative area (100%) of the district or city must be within 15 kilometers radius from the location of the weather station. The highest number of dengue case in Bandung City and Bengkulu City occurred in January-February period, while in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta occurred in March-April-May period. The highest rainfall in Bandung City and Bengkulu City occurred in November-December period, while in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta occurred in January-February-March period. The highest temperature in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta and Bandung City occurred in September-October period, while in Bengkulu City occurred in April-May period. The highest relative humidity in Bandung City and Bengkulu City occurred in November-December period, while in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta occurred in January-February period. Rainfall is significantly associated (pvalue<0.05) with the number of dengue case at 2-months lag in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta (15 years), Bandung City (13 years) and Bengkulu City (3 years). Temperature is significantly associated (pvalue<0.05) with the number of dengue case at 2-months lag in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta (10 years), Bandung City (2 years), and Bengkulu City (2 years). Relative humidity is significantly associated (pvalue<0.05) with the number of dengue case at 2-months lag in the Administrative City of Central Jakarta (13 years), Bandung City (10 years), and Bengkulu City (2 years)
Latar Belakang : Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) hingga saat ini masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, terutama pada daerah perkotaan seperti Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat. Variabel iklim berupa suhu udara, tingkat kelembaban, serta curah hujan diketahui berhubungan dengan perubahan jumlah kasus DBD karena faktor-faktor tersebut memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan aktivitas nyamuk Aedes spp. sebagai vektor penular penyakit. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor iklim yang mencakup suhu udara, kelembaban udara, serta curah hujan terhadap kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat selama periode 2016–2025. Metode : Dalam kajian ini digunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan ekologi time series untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Data yang dipakai merupakan data sekunder berupa jumlah kejadian DBD yang diperoleh dari Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, sedangkan data terkait iklim seperti suhu udara, kelembaban udara, serta curah hujan bersumber dari NASA POWER. Teknik analisis yang diterapkan meliputi analisis univariat serta bivariat, dengan pengujian korelasi menggunakan Pearson atau Spearman berdasarkan hasil uji normalitas masing-masing variabel. Hasil : Temuan kajian ini memperlihatkan jika keterkaitan antara faktor iklim berupa suhu udara serta kelembaban udara terhadap kejadian DBD lebih dominan pada Lag 1 dibandingkan Lag 2. Hubungan negatif yang signifikan ditemukan pada tahun 2021 serta 2023. Di sisi lain, faktor iklim curah hujan memperlihatkan hubungan yang lebih kuat pada Lag 2 daripada Lag 1.
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains one of the major public health problems in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas such as the Administrative City of West Jakarta. Climate variables, including air temperature, humidity levels, and rainfall, are known to be associated with changes in the number of DHF cases because these factors influence the growth and activity of Aedes spp. mosquitoes as disease vectors. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between climate factors, namely air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall, and the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in the Administrative City of West Jakarta during the 2016–2025 period. Methods: This study employed a quantitative method with a time-series ecological design to analyze the research data. The data used were secondary data consisting of the number of DHF cases obtained from the DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, while climate-related data such as air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall were sourced from NASA POWER. The analytical techniques applied included univariate and bivariate analyses, with correlation testing using Pearson or Spearman methods based on the normality test results of each variable.Results: The findings of this study indicate that the relationship between climate factors, specifically air temperature and air humidity, and DHF incidence was stronger at Lag 1 compared to Lag 2. Significant negative relationships were identified in 2021 and 2023. Meanwhile, the climate factor of rainfall demonstrated a stronger relationship at Lag 2 than at Lag 1.