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Latar belakang: Berat lahir bayi merupakan indikator penting status kesehatan ibu dan outcome kehamilan. Salah satu faktor yang berpotensi memengaruhi berat lahir adalah stres psikososial ibu selama kehamilan, baik secara subjektif maupun biologis. Namun, sebagian besar penelitian sebelumnya hanya mengukur stres pada satu titik waktu dan belum mengintegrasikan pengukuran psikososial dan biomarker kortisol secara longitudinal.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan dinamika stres psikososial ibu sehat selama kehamilan terhadap berat badan lahir bayi cukup bulan.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kohort prospektif. Sebanyak 256 ibu hamil sehat direkrut sejak trimester pertama di lima puskesmas di Kota Makassar. Setelah mengalami drop out, tersisa 208 responden pada trimester kedua dan 178 responden pada trimester ketiga. Stres psikososial diukur menggunakan kuesioner Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) dan kadar kortisol saliva setiap trimester. Analisis bivariat dan multivariat dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara stress psikososial, kortisol, dan berat lahir bayi, dengan mengontrol variabel demografi, sosial ekonomi, obstetrik, nutrisi, komplikasi kehamilan, toxic eksposure, dan layanan ANC.
Hasil: Dinamika stres psikososial ibu selama kehamilan kategori stres psikososial persisten sebesar 36,52%. Stres psikososial kategori sedang hingga berat pada ibu hamil sebesar 43,26% di trimester pertama, 35,96% di trimester kedua, dan 43,82% di trimester ketiga. Kadar kortisol ibu hamil mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan bertambahnya usia kehamilan. Pada trimester pertama, kadar kortisol memiliki nilai rata-rata 7,13 ng/mL, 9,15 ng/mL pada trimester kedua dan 11,79 ng/mL pada trimester ketiga. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara dinamika stress psikososial persisten dengan berat lahir bayi cukup bulan. Kadar kortisol juga berhubungan negatif dengan berat lahir bayi. Faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan berat lahir adalah persepsi ibu tentang dukungan suami, pertambahan berat badan selama kehamilan, hipertensi dalam kehamilan dan kelengkapan pemeriksaan ANC.
Kesimpulan: Dinamika stres psikososial persisten dan kortisol berhubungan negatif dengan berat lahir bayi cukup bulan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya deteksi dini dan intervensi stres psikososial ibu hamil sebagai bagian dari pelayanan antenatal terpadu untuk mencegah BBLR.
Background: Birth weight is a key indicator of maternal health status and pregnancy outcomes. One of the potential influencing factors is maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy, both subjectively and biologically. However, most previous studies have only measured stress at a single point and have not integrated longitudinal assessments of psychosocial stress and cortisol biomarkers.
Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the dynamics of psychosocial stress in healthy pregnant women and the birth weight of term infants.
Methods: A prospective cohort design was employed. A total of 256 healthy pregnant women were recruited during the first trimester from five primary health centers in Makassar City. After accounting for dropouts, 208 participants remained in the second trimester and 178 in the third trimester. Psychosocial stress was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and salivary cortisol levels in each trimester. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to look at the relationships between psychosocial stress, cortisol, and birth weight while considering factors like demographics, income, pregnancy history, nutrition, complications, exposure to toxins, and antenatal care (ANC).
Results: Persistent psychosocial stress was found in 36.52% of participants. Moderate to severe psychosocial stress was observed in 43.26% of mothers in the first trimester, 35.96% in the second trimester, and 43.82% in the third trimester. Cortisol levels increased with advancing gestational age, from a mean of 7.13 ng/mL in the first trimester to 9.15 ng/mL in the second trimester and 11.79 ng/mL in the third trimester. A significant negative association was found between persistent psychosocial stress dynamics and birth weight. Cortisol levels were also negatively associated with birth weight. Other factors associated with birth weight included maternal perception of spousal support, gestational weight gain, hypertension, and completeness of ANC examinations.
Conclusion: Persistent psychosocial stress dynamics and cortisol are negatively associated with term birth weight. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and intervention for maternal psychosocial stress as an integral part of comprehensive antenatal care to prevent low birth weight
Latar belakang: Hampir tidak adanya perubahan jumlah kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah selama empat tahun terakhir merupakan suatu masalah besar, sehingga dapat berkontribusi terhadap angka kematian dan angka kesakitan bayi. Metod: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol, untuk melihat hubungan status anemia trimester I, II, dan selama hamil sebagai variabel utama dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah setelah dikendalikan dengan umur ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan, tinggi badan, penambahan berat badan, lingkar lengan atas, kunjungan ke palayanan kesehatan. Dari 84,98 % data register kohort ibu yang valid dibagi menjadi dUa bagian. Pertama adalah ibu yang melahirkan aterm dengan bayi lahir berat badan rendah yang dikelompokkan menjadi kasus dan kedua ibu yang melahirkan aterm dengan bayi berat badan lahir normal yang dikategorikan kelompok kontrol. Untuk kelompok kasus semua ibu yang melahirkan aterm dengan bayi berat lahir rendah tahun 2006 dan 2007 diambil sedangkan tahun 2005 dilakukan random kasus hingga memenuhi 96 kasus. Untuk kelompok kontrol dibuat kerangka sampel, dari kerangka sampel ini kemudian diambil sampel secara random, sesuai dengan tempat dan waktu dimana kasus ditemukan hingga jumlahnya 96 kontrol. Sehingga total sampel penelitian berjumlah 192 sampel. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda dengan interaksi antara anemia dan lingkar lengan atas ibu hamil. Hasil: Ibu hamil yang anemia trimester I dan lingkar lengan atas kurang 23,5 cm berisiko 13,57 (95 % CI: 2,74-67,20) melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang tidak anamia dan lingkar lengan atasnya lebih dari 23,5 cm dengan nilai p =0,001; Ibu hamil yang anemia trimester III dan lingkar lengan atas kurang 23,5 cm berisiko 7,44 (95% CI : 1,94-28,62) melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang tidak anemia dan lingkar lengan atas lebih dari 23,5 cm dengan nilai p =0,003; Ibu hamil yang anemia selama kehamilannya (trimester I dan III) dan lingkar dengan atas kurang 23,5 cm berisiko 9,97 (95% CI: 1,81·54,79) melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah di dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak anemia dan lingkar lengan atas lebih dari 23,5 cm dengan niai p = 0,008. Kesimpulan: ibu barnil yang mengalarni status goo kurang (anemia dan lingkar lengan a!aS kurang 23,5 em) memperbesar risiko kejadian baY; berat 1abir rendah di Kola Jambi taboo 2005·2001.
Background: Next to nothing is change sum up heavy baby occurrence born to lower during four the last year represent an big problem, so that earn bave contribution to mortality and number of baby painfulness. Design: This research use design case control, to see relation of status of anemia of trimester I, II, and during pregnancy as especial variable with heavy baby occurrence born to lower after controlled with mother age, parity. apart pregnancy, high of body, heavy addition of body, circle arm to the, visit to health service. From 84,98 % data of divided to valid register cohort mother become two shares. Mother bearing a term with baby born bady weight lower grouped to become case and second mother hearing a term with heavy baby of body born normal is which group control. For the case group of all mother bearing a term with heavy baby born to lower year 2006 and 2007 taken by 2005 done by random case till fulfill 96 case. For the group control made by framework sample, from this framework sample later; then be taken by sample in random as according 10 place and time of where case found till sum up 96 control. So that totalize sample research amount to 192 sample. Analysis multivariate use test of regression logistics duplicate with interaction of between anemia and arm circumference to the pregnant mother. Results: Pregnancy woman which anemia of trimester I and arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm risk 13,57 (95 % CI: 2,74-67,20) bearing heavy baby born to lower compared to by a pregnancy mother which the anemia do not and the arm circumference to the more than 23,5 cm with p value = 0,001; Pregnancy mother which anemia of trimester III and arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm risk 7,44 (95% CI: 1,94-28,62) bearing heavy baby born to lower compared to by a pregnancy mother which the anemia do not and the arm circumference to the more than 23,5 cm with p value=0,003; Pregnancy mother which anemia of during his pregnancy (trimester I and III) and the arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm risk 9,97 (95% CI: 1,81-54,79) bearing heavy baby born 10 lower in compared to by a mother which the anemia do not and the ann circumference to the more than 23,5 cm with p value= O,008 aras pregnant mother. Conclusion: Pregnancy woman experiencing of status gizi less (anemia and arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm) enlarging risk of heavy baby occurrence born to lower in Kota Jambi Year 2005-2007.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat hubunganantara hipertensi pada Ibu hamil dengan kejadian Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) diRSIA Budi Kemuliaan Jakarta Tahun 2017. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah studicohort retrospective dengan menggunakan data rekam medik rumah sakit. Analisis datayang digunakan adalah Cox Regression.
Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak adahubungan antara hipertensi pada Ibu hamil dengan kejadian BBLR di RSIA BudiKemuliaan Jakarta Tahun 2017 (RR 1,048-- 95% CI 0,611-1,797) setelah dikontrol olehvariabel usia gestasi.
Kata kunci: Hipertensi Ibu Hamil, BBLR.
Kata kunci: Suplemen besi. Tablet Tambah Darah, BBLR
Based on Riskesdas 2018, the proportion of LBW in Indonesia is 6.3% with the highest number of cases in West Java Province. Iron deficiency in pregnant women can cause restricted fetal growth, prematur birth or LBW. This study aims to look at the relationship between compliance with iron supplement consumption during pregnancy with LBW after controlling for all confounding variables. The method used in this study is case control with a ratio of 1: 3. The research sample is derived from secondary data used from the 2018 Basic Health Research in West Java Province. The number of cases for this study were 180 samples and 540 controls. The covariate variables in this study were maternal age during pregnancy, education level, work status, area of residence, history of hypertension, complications, smoking status, passive smoking status and gestational age at delivery. The relationship of variables was assessed by bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results showed no significant relationship (p> 0.05) with a 1.268 times greater chance of risk for mothers who consumed less iron supplements than 90 tablets to deliver LBW babies (OR = 1.268 95% CI 0.87-1.847) after covariate controlled variable.
Key words: Iron Supplementation, Low Birth Weight
The incidence of low birth weight (LBW) is a health problem that can not be ignored because it contributes greatly to neonatal mortality and is sensitive to long-term risks to infant health. One of the maternal factors that can lead to a high-risk pregnancy for LBW is the pregnancy intentions. This study aims to determine the association between pregnancy intentions and LBW based on secondary data from Indonesia Demographic And Health Survey 2012. The design of this study was cross sectional with 8922 samples of mothers aged 15-49 years married, had given birth within 5 years (before Indonesia Demographic And Health Survey 2012 data collection), single birth and live birth conditions. The result of the study obtained the proportion of LBW at 6.2%. Based on multivariate analysis of logistic regression, after all categories were controlled by ANC age and frequency variable, pregnancy category was then mistimed at 1,055 times for LBW. The unwanted pregnancy category was modified by a history of complications, for the unwanted category and had a history of complications having a greater risk (1,158 times) of delivering LBW, for unwanted pregnancy and no history of complications having a smaller risk (0.590 times) Compared with respondents with intended pregnancies and no history of complications (references). However, the final outcome for both categories of pregnancy intentions showed a statistically insignificant. Keywords: Pregnancy Intention, Low Birth Weight (LBW), Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012.
Kata kunci: BBLR; kehamilan remaja
Low Birth Weight (LBW) in Indonesia has the prevalence of 7,3 % according to IDHS 2012. Some research showed that more LBW occurences happened to mother aged 15-19 at the time of birth. This study aims to prove the association between adolescent pregnancy and low birth weight after controlling all the confounding variables. The method used for this study is case-control (1:1) by analyzing IDHS 2012. The selected cases are 871 with 871 controls. Covariate variables are education, parity, complication during pregnancy, complication at birth, months of pregnancy at first antenatal visit and number of antenatal visit. The result of the study is that there is a significant association between adolescent pregnancy after controlling all confounding variables which are education, complication during pregnancy and months of pregnancy at first antenatal visit and number of antenatal visit (OR: 2,65; p value= 0,013; 95% CI: 1,232-5,712).
Key words: LBW; adolescent pregnancy