Ditemukan 30604 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Latar Belakang: Pada tahun 2018, menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar kejadian skizofrenia/psikosis di Indonesia sebesar 6,7/1000 rumah tangga. Artinya, dari 1.000 rumah tangga terdapat 6,7 rumah tangga yang mempunyai anggota rumah tangga (ART) pengidap skizofrenia/psikosis. Skizofrenia memengaruhi sekitar 24 juta orang atau 1 dari 300 orang (0,33%) di seluruh dunia (WHO, 2022). Tahun 2021, Orang dengan skizofrenia (ODS) mempunyai angka yang paling tinggi diantara orang dengan gangguan jiwa (ODGJ) lainnya di Provinsi Gorontalo yakni 1497 dari jumlah total 1834 ODGJ (81,62%). Begitu pula dengan jumlah ODS di Kota Gorontalo, yakni 201 dari jumlah 250 ODGJ (80,4%). Berdasarkan data di atas maka peneliti ingin mengetahui, gambaran karakteristik ODS dan hubungan antara karakteristik ODS dengan kualitas hidup ODS. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional yang didahului dengan studi systematic review. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ODS di Kota Gorontalo dengan jumlah 201 ODS. Metode pengambilan sampel adalah total sampling (seluruh anggota populasi) yang kemudian diperoleh berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, dan pengecualian bagi ODS meninggal, pindah alamat, dan tidak terdeteksi lagi keberadaannya oleh pihak Puskesmas sehingga jumlah sampel adalah 121 ODS. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengukuran kualitas hidup adalah WHOQOL-BREF. Hasil: Studi Systematic review menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan artikel penelitian sebelumnya tentang faktor yang berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup ODS yang akan dijadikan dasar untuk melakukan penelitian di Kota Gorontalo. Studi cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa pada pemodelan akhir multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup ODS yaitu status pernikahan (p=0,027), pendidikan (p=0,008) dan pendapatan (p=0,002). Variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup ODS adalah pendapatan. ODS yang yang tidak memiliki pendapatan berisiko 4,66 kali untuk memiliki kualitas hidup buruk dibandingkan ODS yang memiliki pendapatan setelah dikontrol oleh variabel pendidikan dan status pernikahan (aOR=4,66 95% CI 1,71-12,58). Kesimpulan: Variabel Pendidikan, pernikahan dan pendapatan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kualitas hidup ODS di Kota Gorontalo. Sedangkan Variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup ODS di Kota Gorontalo adalah variabel pendapatan. Saran: Pengembangan program pemberdayaan ekonomi untuk ODS, seperti dukungan keuangan dan pelatihan mengenai cara meningkatkan pendapatan, tidak hanya ditujukan untuk ODS, tetapi juga untuk seluruh elemen masyarakat yang membutuhkan. Pemberian santunan yang rutin setiap bulan untuk ODS yang tidak punya pendapatan.
Background: In 2018, according to the Basic Health Research, the incidence of schizophrenia/psychosis in Indonesia was 6.7/1000 households. This means that out of 1,000 households, there are 6.7 households that have household members with schizophrenia/psychosis. Schizophrenia affects around 24 million people or 1 in 300 people (0.33%) worldwide (WHO, 2022). In 2021, people with schizophrenia had the highest in people with mental disorders in Gorontalo Province, namely 1497 out of a total of 1834 people with other mental disorders (81.62%). Likewise, the number of people with schizophrenia in Gorontalo City is 201 out of a total of 250 people with other mental disorders (80.4%). Based on the data above, the researcher wants to know the description of the characteristics of people with schizophrenia and the relationship between the characteristics of people with schizophrenia and the quality of life of people with schizophrenia. Method: The research design was cross-sectional which was preceded by a systematic review study. The population in this study were all the people with schizophrenia in Gorontalo City with a total of 201 people with schizophrenia. The sampling method was total sampling (all members of the population) which was then obtained based on inclusion criteria, and exceptions for people with schizophrenia who died, moved address, and were no longer detected by the Health Center so that the number of samples was 121 people with schizophrenia. The instrument used to measure quality of life was WHOQOL-BREF. Results: Systematic review study showed that previous research articles were obtained on factors related to the quality of life of people with schizophrenia which will be used as a basis for conducting research in Gorontalo City. Cross-sectional study showed that in the final multivariate modeling showed that the variables related to the quality of life of people with schizophrenia were marital status (p = 0.027), education (p = 0.008) and income (p = 0.002). The most dominant variable related to the quality of life of people with schizophrenia was income. The people with schizophrenia who did not have income were 4.66 times more at risk of having a poor quality of life compared to the people with schizophrenia who had income after being controlled by education and marital status variables (aOR = 4.66 95% CI 1.71-12.58). Conclusion: The variables of education, marriage and income have a significant relationship with the quality of life of People with schizophrenia in Gorontalo City. While the most dominant variable related to the quality of life of People with schizophrenia in Gorontalo City is the income variable. Recommendation: Development of economic empowerment programs for people with schizophrenia, such as financial support and training on how to increase income, is not only aimed at people with schizophrenia, but also at all elements of society in need. Regular monthly assistance for ODS who have no income.
Antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV replication, prevent mobility and mortality. Treatment adherence is needed to achieve therapeutic success, prevent antiretroviral drug resistance and the risk of HIV transmission in the community. This study aims to determine the factors that associated with the adherent of antiretroviral drug treatment of HIV / AIDS patients in four hospitals in Jakarta in 2018-2019. This study was an observational study with a cross sectional design from the baseline data of INAPROACTIVE study (secondary data) from 666 people living with HIV. Treatment compliance was measured by self-report. Data were analyzed using cox proportional hazard regression with STATA12 software. The results showed the proportion of nonadherent by 17.9%, Analysis of determinant factors for compliance with treatment in this study using multivariate cox regression analysis and the magnitude of the effect was expressed in the prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Our study showed a proportion of ARV treatment adherence ≥ 95% showed 82.1%. This study showed that the socio-demographic factors associated with ARV treatment adherence among people living with HIV who received ARV therapy were gender, age, marital status and HIV transmission route. Clinical factors that have a relationship with adherence of ARV were the variable history of opportunistic infection syphilis and CD4 value. Treatment factors that have a relationship with adherence of ARV were the variable type of ARV regiment and duration of ARV treatment. All these variables were not statistially significant effect with p value > 0.05.
Kata kunci: Skizofrenia, kasus kontrol, Kabupaten Bogor
Schizophrenia is a a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects thinking, feeling, and behavior of a person. In Indonesia, the prevalence of schizophrenia is 1.7 per 1,000 populations. The number of visits of mental disorders in puskesmas of Bogor Regency has increased significantly from 1,648 to 13,390 in 2013-14. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with schizophrenia in Bogor Regency 2017. An unmatched case-control was conducted in 63 health centers of Bogor regency from May-June 2017. Cases were schizophrenic patient aged 15-50 years diagnosed by physicians/specialists and recorded in the register of Bogor district health centers in 2017. Controls were the healthy people aged 15-50 and domiciled in Bogor Regency. A total of 229 cases and 229 controls were selected by multistage sampling technique. Probability proportional to size was usedto determine the number of samples from each puskesmas. A pre-tested semi structured questionnaires was used to collect relevant data from controls and one of the family members of cases. Chi square test and multivariate logistic regression were applied for data analysis. Folowing factors were associated with schizophrenia: male gender (AdjOR: 11.68; 95% CI: 4.96 -27.50), family history of schizophrenia (AdjOR: 4.02; 95 %CI: 1,90-8,48), basic education (AdjOR: 30.63; 95%CI: 4.21-222.81), secondary education (AdjOR: 25.35; 95% CI: 3.51-182.90), unemployed (AdjOR: 5.6; 95 %CI 2,52-12,45), unmarried (AdjOR: 10,20; 95%CI 2,52-12,45), problems in the family (AdjOR: 4.93; 95%CI 2.43-9.99) and problems at work / school (AdjOR: 32.60; 95%CI 7.29 - 145.76). In the study setting, biological (male and family history of schizophrenia),sociodemographic (low level of education, unemployment and unmarried) and environmental factors (problems in family, workplaceor school) were associated with schizophrenia. Prospective analytical studies are needed to further explore these associations.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, case control, Bogor district
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a type of retrovirus that infects and damages immune cells in the body. This virus targets and multiplies within CD4 lymphocyte cells, weakening and eventually destroying the immune system. Untreated HIV leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is associated with opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, in 2022 there were 90,956 HIV cases with 28,501 deaths reported. Cancer is a common disease among HIV patients, who have a 50-200 times higher risk compared to healthy individuals, highlighting the need to reduce cancer incidence through efforts such as providing HIV counselling services, administering ART treatment, and screening for opportunistic infections. This study aims to identify factors associated with cancer incidence in PLHIV using medical record data from Dharmais Cancer Hospital. The research employs a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate methods, with chi-square tests and prevalence ratios (95% CI) presented. Based on the analysis, significant associations were found between total CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infections. At Dharmais Cancer Hospital, the relative risk (OR) for total CD4 <200 was 3.843 (95% CI 1.741-8.484), for total CD4 200-499 was 0.595 (95% CI 0.348-1.007), for female PLHIV was 0.447 (95% CI 0.271-0.738), and for PLHIV with opportunistic infections was 0.327 (95% CI 0.248-0.431).
Penilaian kualitas hidup merupakan kunci dalam memahami dampak AIDS terhadap kehidupan orang yang hidup dengan HIV&AIDS. Orang dengan HIV menjadi rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan, ekonomi dan psikososial yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidupnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup ODHIV. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan teknik Consecutive Sampling terpilih 102 orang responden di 3 Yayasan Kota Kupang yang berusia ≥18 tahun, telah menjalani terapi ARV >1 bulan dan bersedia menjadi responden. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November – Desember 2023. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji cox regression. Hasil bivariat menunjukan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara depresi (p=0,007; PR= 1,742; 95%CI 1,136 – 2,669), dukungan sosial (p=0,003; PR=1,707; 95%CI 1,210 – 2,407) dan dukungan sebaya (p=0,000; PR=2,380; 95%CI 1,423 – 3,980) dengan kualitas hidup ODHIV sedangkan umur, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status pernikahan, status pekerjaan, tingkat pendapatan, stigma, lama terapi ARV tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kualitas hidup ODHIV. Berdasarkan uji mulitivariat faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup ODHIV adalah dukungan sebaya (p=0,018; PR=2,15; 95%CI 1,14 – 4,08). Kata Kunci: HIV&AIDS, kualitas hidup, ODHIV.
Quality of life assessment is key in understanding the impact of HIV&AIDS on the lives of people living with HIV&AIDS. People with HIV become vulnerable to health, economic and psychosocial problems that can affect their quality of life. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors that influence the quality of life of PLHIV. This research used a cross sectional study design with Consecutive Sampling technique, selecting 102 respondents from 3 Yayasan Kota Kupang aged ≥18 years who had undergone ARV therapy for >1 month and were willing to be respondents. The research was conducted in November – December 2023. The instrument used in this research was a questionnaire. The data analysis carried out was bivariate analysis using the chi-square test and multivariate analysis using the cox regression test. The research results showed that there was a significant relationship between depression (p=0,007; PR= 1,742; 95%CI 1,136 – 2,669), social support (p=0,003; PR=1,707; 95%CI 1,210 – 2,407), peer support (p=0,000; PR=2,380; 95%CI 1,423 – 3,980) with quality of life for PLHIV, meanwhile, age, gender, education level, marital status, employment status, income level, stigma, duration of ARV therapy do not have a significant relationship with the quality of life of PLHIV. The most dominant factor in the quality of life of PLHIV is peer support PR=2.15 (95%CI 1.14 – 4.08). Key words: HIV&AIDS, quality of life, PLHIV
Factors Related to the Status of Excess of Nutrition on Adults in Bogor in 1997 (Analysis of Secondary Data)The success on health and nutrition development program carried out has been able to decrease nutritious problem that is faced by Indonesian significantly. However, the development also results in changing disease pattern that exists in Indonesia. Infectious disease and malnutrition seems decreased, on the contrary the generative and cancer diseases increased. The increasing of prosperity is followed by the changing of life style. The pattern of having food especially in the big cities moves from a traditional food pattern that consumes a lot of carbohydrate, vegetables and fiber into having a western food pattern that consumes a lot of fat, protein, sugar and salt but consumes less fiber. As consequences, the increase of over weight prevalent value can be seen in recent years in many part of Indonesia, especially in the big cities and also followed by the villages recently.
