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Latar Belakang: Kepadatan (overcrowding) di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) merupakan isu global yang berdampak negatif terhadap keselamatan pasien dan kualitas pelayanan. Length of Stay (LOS) atau lama rawat, dengan target ≤4 jam, menjadi indikator kinerja kunci di banyak negara untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Di Indonesia, Kementerian Kesehatan menetapkan target pencapaian LOS ≤4 jam sebesar ≥90% untuk rumah sakit vertikal. Namun, capaian di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) masih sangat rendah, yakni 18% pada triwulan keempat tahun 2023. Sebagai solusi, RSCM mengimplementasikan Ruang Rawat Emergensi (RRE), sebuah unit observasi, untuk memperbaiki alur pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak penerapan RRE terhadap pencapaian target LOS ≤4 jam di IGD RSCM.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif kausal-komparatif. Data sekunder dikumpulkan secara retrospektif dari rekam medis elektronik seluruh pasien IGD RSCM. Analisis membandingkan periode sebelum implementasi RRE (1 Januari s.d. 31 Desember 2023) dengan periode setelah implementasi (1 Januari s.d. 31 Desember 2024). Uji statistik yang digunakan meliputi analisis univariat dan bivariat (Uji Mann-Whitney dan Chi-Square) untuk menguji perbedaan antar kelompok.
Hasil: Setelah implementasi RRE, terjadi penurunan signifikan pada median LOS pasien IGD secara keseluruhan, dari 16,36 jam pada tahun 2023 menjadi 8,01 jam pada tahun 2024. Proporsi pasien yang memenuhi target LOS ≤4 jam meningkat dari 17,66% menjadi 26,71%. Pasien zona kuning yang diputuskan rawat di RRE memiliki median LOS IGD yang secara signifikan lebih singkat (6,42 jam) dibandingkan dengan yang dirawat di ruang non-RRE (11,62 jam). Keputusan rawat oleh DPJP Emergensi menunjukkan peluang 1,86 kali lebih tinggi untuk mencapai target LOS ≤4 jam dibandingkan DPJP non-emergensi. Secara finansial, RRE memberikan keuntungan pada kelompok pasien yang dapat dipulangkan.
Kesimpulan: Penerapan RRE terbukti secara signifikan dapat mempersingkat median LOS pasien di IGD dan meningkatkan proporsi pencapaian target LOS ≤4 jam. Meskipun demikian, capaian tersebut masih jauh di bawah target nasional ≥90%. RRE merupakan strategi yang efektif untuk mengurangi dampak kepadatan IGD dan berpotensi memberikan keuntungan finansial. Peran DPJP Emergensi dalam pengambilan keputusan disposisi pasien sangat krusial untuk optimalisasi alur pelayanan
Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) memegang peranan penting dalam penanganan awal trauma berat untuk mencegah kematian maupun kecacatan. IGD Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) telah menerapkan sistem “Cipto Code Trauma” sejak 2019 untuk menjamin waktu tanggap trauma berat < 5 menit, meski capaiannya belum memenuhi target. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang menjadi determinan waktu tanggap trauma berat di IGD RSCM, yang diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk perbaikan sistem. Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif terhadap pasien trauma berat yang berkunjung ke IGD RSCM tahun 2023-2024. Analisis dilakukan terhadap faktor pasien, struktur, dan proses layanan. Dari 124 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, karakteristik pasien terbanyak yaitu usia dewasa, laki-laki, dengan mekanisme kecelakaan lalu lintas, dan memiliki lebih dari 1 jenis cedera. Pasien umumnya datang tanpa Ambulans dan tanpa komunikasi pra-RS. Tanda vital saat datang sebagian besar normal. Pasien terbanyak datang pada malam hari, saat kondisi IGD padat, dengan jumlah tenaga di IGD mencukupi. Hanya 51,6 % pasien menggunakan jaminan. Rerata waktu tanggap trauma berat yaitu 12 menit 42 detik. Didapatkan bahwa faktor usia pasien, transportasi menggunakan Ambulans, frekuensi nadi saat pasien datang, waktu shift pelayanan di IGD, dan jumlah tim yang bertugas berhubungan dengan waktu tanggap pasien trauma berat di IGD RSCM. Waktu tanggap trauma berat tidak berhubungan dengan luaran pasien yaitu kebutuhan perawatan intensif maupun kematian.
Emergency Room (ER) plays a significant role in the initial management of severe trauma to prevent morbidity or mortality. Since 2019, ER of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH) have established “Cipto Code Trauma” system to ensure the response time of < 5 minutes, although the target has not yet been achieved. This study is performed to determine factors associated with response time for severe trauma in ER CMH, which could be beneficial for system improvement. This is a retrospective study on severe trauma patients admitted to ER CMH from 2023-2024. Analysis performed towards patient, structure, and process factors. Among the 124 samples fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, most patients are adults, men, due to traffic injury, and had more than 1 injury. Patients generally came without Ambulance nor prehospital communication. Vital signs were mostly normal. Patients mostly came on the night shift, during a crowded ER, and received by an adequate number of ER staff. Only 51,6 % of patients were covered with insurance. Mean response time was 12 minutes and 42 seconds. Patients’ age, Ambulance transportation, initial heart rate, time of service by shift, and number of personnel are associated with response time for severe trauma in ER CMH. Response time for severe trauma is not associated with the outcome of critical care requirement or mortality.
Emergency department (ED) is a part of hospital which giving advancedservices. In dr. Mohammad Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang hospital already own anemergency department based on SK director of the hospital whom establishes theorganizational structure, duties and responsibilities, vision and mission, and standardoperating procedures emergency services. ED RSMH Palembang is lead by aspecialist urology and assisted by two heads of the room. Standard service of ED hasimplementing service standards according to accreditation standards KARS 2012.ED in the hospital arranged Indonesian health minister No.865/Menkes/SK/IX/2009 about ED standards. The head of health minister regulatesthe standardization of emergency services at the hospital, which managing standardorganizations, human resources, services, completeness infrastructure in ED. RSMHPalembang has been implemented specialist doctors duty on site in the ER sinceJanuary, 30th 2014 as a follow-up of the head of the Indonesian health minister. Eversince implemented a policy specialist on duty in the ER site still found thecompliance of the doctors are still not optimal and although the quality of service hasimproved in line with acreditation hospital KARS version 2012.This research aims to determine how the implementation of policy specialistsdoctors on site in the ER has been implemented in accordance with the expectedgoals in accordance with the head of health minister. Research done with qualitativemethod by performing in-depth interviews on informants. Informants interviewed areRSMH Palembang board of directors, chairman of the medical committee, chieffinancial officer, head of the ED room and specialist doctors. Assessment interviewresults are using logical framework policy implementation model George Edward IIIwith variable resources, communications, disposition and organizational structure.From the results of this study, the implementation of policy specialist doctorson site guard has not run well, due to the communication factor, disposition andorganizational structure has not been going well and much needed resource support.The given proposal is the addition of appropriate power and competence standards,the revised SOP, provision of communication media, improvement of facilities,improving the coordination and monitoring functions regularly, advocacy to the headof the Indonesian health minister.Keywords:Implementation, Emergency Department, George Edward III
Latar belakang Berbagai faktor diketahui memengaruhi kepuasan dan loyalitas pasien Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) sebuah rumah sakit, mulai dari mutu layanan, harga hingga citra merek. Kepuasan dan loyalitas pasien IGD Rumah Sakit Eka Cibubur masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan dari keseluruhan pelayanan Rumah Sakit, yang berdampak pada kinerja operasionalnya berupa pertumbuhan negatif pada tahun 2023. Tujuan Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan menguji berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi kepuasan dan loyalitas pasien Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) Rumah Sakit Eka Cibubur. Metode Merupakan studi kuantitatif pada 163 pasien yang menggunakan layanan IGD Rumah Sakit Eka Cibubur pada Desember 2023 hingga Januari 2024. Data diambil dengan menyebarkan questionnaire kepada pasien yang telah ditentukan setelah diujicobakan terlebih dahulu. Kemudian dilakukan analisis multivariat serta estimasi hubungan saling ketergantungan antara variabel laten secara bersamaan melalui uji Stuctural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil Kepuasan pasien dipengaruhi oleh mutu layanan (p = 0,034), harga (p = 0,000) dan citra merek (p = 0,015). Sedangkan loyalitas pasien hanya dipengaruhi oleh citra merek (p = 0,003) dan kepuasan pasien (p = 0,003). Selain itu, kepuasan pasien memediasi penuh hubungan antara harga (p = 0,024), namun tidak memediasi hubungan antara mutu layanan (p = 0,109) dan citra merek (p = 0,068) dengan loyalitas pasien. Kesimpulan Mutu layanan, harga dan citra merek yang dipersepsikan dengan baik oleh pasien IGD terbukti memengaruhi kepuasan akan layanannya. Dengan loyalitas akan penggunaan layanan berikutnya sangat ditentukan oleh kepuasannya, khususnya kepuasan akan harga yang terbukti sangat memengaruhi loyalitas pasien akan penggunaan layanan IGD selanjutnya. Lebih lanjut, studi terhadap faktor lain masih perlu dilakukan guna perbaikan berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: Mutu Layanan, Harga, Citra Merek, Kepuasan, Loyalitas
Background Various factors are known to influence patient satisfaction and loyalty in a hospital's Emergency Room (IGD), ranging from service quality, price to brand image. Satisfaction and loyalty of emergency room patients at Eka Cibubur Hospital is still one of the problems of the hospital's overall services, which has an impact on its operational performance in the form of negative growth in 2023. Objective The main objective of this research is to analyze and test various factors that influence patient satisfaction and loyalty at the Emergency Department (IGD) of Eka Cibubur Hospital. Methods This is a quantitative study on 163 patients who used the emergency room services at Eka Cibubur Hospital from December 2023 to January 2024. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to patients who had been determined after being tested first. Then, multivariate analysis was carried out and estimation of the interdependence relationship between latent variables simultaneously through the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) test. Results Patient satisfaction is influenced by service quality (p = 0.034), price (p = 0.000) and brand image (p = 0.015). Meanwhile, patient loyalty is only influenced by brand image (p = 0.003) and patient satisfaction (p = 0.003). In addition, patient satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between price (p = 0.024), but does not mediate the relationship between service quality (p = 0.109) and brand image (p = 0.068) and patient loyalty. Conclusion Service quality, price and brand image that are well perceived by emergency room patients have been proven to influence satisfaction with their services. Loyalty regarding subsequent use of services is largely determined by satisfaction, especially satisfaction with price which has been proven to greatly influence patient loyalty regarding subsequent use of ER services. Furthermore, studies on other factors still need to be carried out for continuous improvement. Keywords: Service Quality, Price, Brand Image, Satisfaction, Loyalty
Waiting time is one indicator of health services. The increase in waiting time in the Emergency Department (ED) has an impact on longer treatment days, increased mortality and reduced patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine the length of stay for services at the emergency department of the Tangerang General Hospital using lean method to determine waste at each stage of activity. This research method is operational research with qualitative and quantitative approaches, primary data sources taken from direct observation using time motion study techniques and in-depth interviews. The waiting time at the ER at the Tangerang Regency General Hospital is 852.92 minutes for inpatients and 564.24 minutes for outpatients. The length of time for each service is as follows: triage is 11.83 minutes, waiting time for an emergency room doctor examination is 32.25 minutes, drug administration time and action is 22.33 minutes, waiting time for laboratory examination is 106.07 minutes, waiting time for examination radiology 140.15 minutes, waiting time for specialist doctor consultation 146.54 minutes, waiting time for inpatient registration 164.8 minutes, waiting time for inpatient admission 58.5 minutes, patient administration time going home 89.6 minutes. The largest nonvalued added activity is waiting for specialist consultations. Found 2 types of waste, namely waiting (93.3%) and motion (6.7%). After conducting an analysis using the 5 why method, the root of the problem was found in the number of nurses, not yet maximally carrying out tupoksi, hospital information system applications that are less user friendly, specialist doctors are not standby and consultation SOPs are not optimally run, lack of clinical experience of doctors ER, as well as the unavailability of the ward. The conclusion, t the waiting time in the ER at the Tangerang General Hospital exceeds the standard time (4 hours). The lean approach is appropriate to look for waste in health service activities so that problem solving efforts can be obtained to improve service waiting times in the IGD RSU Tangerang Gneral Hospital
Implementation of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management Standards have beenimplemented in BRSU Tabanan since 2009 in an effort to improve the quality ofcare , but there are still complaints against the ministry in BRSU Tabanan . Untilnow, this has never been done in the Emergency Room service performanceanalysis on the application of ISO 9001:2008 Quality Management StandardBRSU Tabanan . This study was conducted aimed to determine and analyze theperformance of services in the emergency department on the application of ISO9001:2008 QMS in Emergency Room BRSU Tabanan.Do months from August toOctober , 2013, with a qualitative research method that comes with thequantitative data is secondary data quality objectives in the Emergency Room asindicator performance .. Respondents service satisfaction in the emergencydepartment for patients or their families were coming month of August to October2013, which are willing to fill out a questionnaire , as many as 150 people .Emergency Room staff and staff working in the field of service of at least 3 yearsas respondents in the application of ISO 9001:2008 QMS Emergency Room are71 . In-depth interviews to the Board of Directors as an informant were 3 peoplein the achievement of performance information in the Emergency Room and theapplication of ISO 9001:2008 QMS . Data were analyzed using content analysis .The results show the performance of services in the Emergency Room alreadywell on target mutul 9 of 12 quality objectives in the Emergency Room . Qualityobjectives is not good customer complaints , customer dissatisfaction with theservices of doctors and patient mortality in Emergency Room ≤ 24 hours .Required an increase in the budget aimed at improving the quality of humanresources in the emergency department with increasing hospital revenue ,completing facilities for intensive care and resocialization of the application ofQMSKeyword : Performance Emergency Room Services, ISO 9001:2008 QMS
