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Stunting merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang masih tinggi di Indonesia. Kehamilan pada usia remaja diduga menjadi salah satu faktor risiko yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting pada balita. Remaja yang menikah dan hamil di usia muda cenderung lebih rentan mengalami berbagai masalah kesehatan, seperti anemia, kekurangan nutrisi, dan komplikasi selama kehamilan. Kondisi-kondisi tersebut dapat berdampak negatif pada kesehatan bayi, termasuk meningkatkan risiko terjadinya stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kehamilan usia remaja dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, berdasarkan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Sebanyak 69.247 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan seluruhnya diambil sebagai sampel penelitian. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan kompleks sampling dan menerapkan pembobotan data. Uji chi-square dan regresi logistik digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kehamilan remaja dan stunting. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kehamilan usia remaja dan kejadian stunting pada anak (p-value= 0,021, OR= 1,261) setelah dikontrol oleh status ekonomi dan berinteraksi dengan tingkat pendidikan. Diperlukan upaya pencegahan kehamilan remaja sebagai bagian dari strategi intervensi penurunan angka stunting di Indonesia. Kata Kunci: kehamilan remaja, stunting, balita, survei kesehatan, Indonesia
Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia. Adolescent pregnancy is suspected to be one of the risk factors contributing to stunting among children under five. Adolescents who marry and become pregnant at an early age are more vulnerable to various health problems, such as anemia, poor nutrition, and pregnancy complications. These conditions may negatively affect the health of their babies, increasing the risk of stunting. This study aimed to analyze the association between adolescent pregnancy and the incidence of stunting among children under five in Indonesia. This research employed a cross-sectional study design using data from the Indonesia Health Survey Data 2023 (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI). A total of 69,247 respondents met the inclusion criteria and were included as the study sample. Data analysis was conducted using a complex sampling approach with weight adjustments. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between adolescent pregnancy and stunting. The analysis showed a significant association between adolescent pregnancy and stunting (p-value = 0.021; OR = 1.261), after controlling for economic status and examining interaction with educational level. Adolescent pregnancy is significantly associated with an increased risk of stunting in children. Preventing adolescent pregnancy should be considered a key strategy in reducing stunting rates in Indonesia.
Indonesia is one of 17 countries that have experienied in a double burden of nutritional problems, one of which is stunting of 37.2%, In 2021, the rate of decline in the prevalence of stunting has improved, as can be seen from the 2021 SSGI data showing the prevalence of stunting from 2019 decreased by 3.9% followed by a decrease in 2021 decreased by 3.3% from 27.67% to 24.4% in 2021. Unwanted pregnancies in Indonesia tend to be stagnant and have not decreased. Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) showed an adverse event prevalence of 15%, then the Program Performance and Accountability Survey (SKAP) in 2018 showed an adverse event rate of 15%. Unwanted pregnancy is an enabling factor and has a role in causing stunting, starting from the time of pregnancy such as readiness to have children which influences the incidence of unwanted pregnancies and parenting patterns. This study aims to determine the relationship between unwanted pregnancies and the incidence of stunting in toddlers 12-24 months in Indonesia, using secondary data from Riskesdas 2018 in quantitative methods. This research covered all provinces and districts/cities in Indonesia. This research uses data analysis with complex samples menu. The result of this research showed that there was no significant relationship between unwanted pregnancy and stunting in Baduta (12-24 months) in Indonesia in bivariate analysis using the chi-square test with a p-value of p 0,648 (OR: 1,054; 95%CI: 0,840 ? 1,324). In multivariate analysis using logistic regression test showed that unwanted pregnancy had a 1.287 greater risk of unwanted pregnancy becoming stunting than unwanted pregnancy (p 0,086, OR: 1,287; 95%CI: 0,965-1,716). There was a confounding in this research, namely the exclusive breastfeeding variable (aOR=1,192: 95%CI : 0,987-1,441: p value 0,069). Low Birth Weight (LBW), Socioeconomic Level and Gender are controlling factors that influence the incidence of stunting in Baduta (12-24 months) in Indonesia, the babies born with LBW will have a 2,508 times greater chance of being stunting in Baduta (12-24 months) compared to babies born normally (p 0,000, OR: 2,508; 95%CI: 1,632-3,855), the lower the socio economic level of the family, the risk is 2.151 times greater for stunting p 0,000, OR:2,151; 95%CI: 1,596-2,900), the male is more likely to experience stunting 1.309 times the risk than female (aOR: 1,309; 95% CI 1,090 1,573; pvalue = 0,004).
In the past ten years, there has been a decline in the prevalence of early marriage by 3,5%, namely 14,67% in 2008 to 11,21% in 2018. However, the decline has not yet reached the expected target and is relatively slow. This study aims to determine the effect of early marriage on the incidence of stunting in children 0-24 months in Indonesia. The research design used was cross sectional using secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007 and 2014 with a sample of 1.307 respondents. The result showed that the prevalence of early marriage in 2007 was 29,0% decreased in 2014 to 24,1%. Likewise, the prevalence of stunting in children 024 months decreased, namely 32,6% in 2007 to 31,3% in 2014. Analysis of Multiple Logistic Regression shows early marriage affects the incidence of stunting of children aged 0-24 months, with value of OR = 1,57. The effect of early marriage on stunting differs according to age at first delivery and breastfeeding history. To prevent the practice of early marriage, the government is expected to disseminate the Marriage Law No. 16 of 2019 concerning the minimum aged for marriage for women and men is 19 years for the whole community. In addition, increasing efforts to integrated antenatal services, as well as breastfeeding and feeding counseling to children, especially for adolescent mothers.
Based on IDHS 2017, there is an increase in the prevalence of premarital sexual intercourse among adolescents aged 15-24 years. IDHS 2017 as many as 8% of male adolescents and 2% of female adolescents have had sexual intercourse compared to the 2012 IDHS data as many as 7% of boys and 1% of female adolescents premarital sexual relations. This study aims to determine the effect of peers on premarital sexual relations behavior of adolescents aged 15-24 years in Indonesia using the IDHS 2017 with cross sectional design. Sample of 12,363 adolescents who meet the criteria for male adolescents and female aged 15-24 years, have currently dating, having peers, and having friends with premarital sexual experiences. Data were analyzed using multiple regression logistic tests using the SPSS program. The results showed that 8.4% of adolescents who are currently or have been dating have had premarital sexual intercourse and 21.9% of adolescents have had a bad influence on their peer sexual behavior. The results of the analysis show that there is peer influence on premarital sexual intercourse behavior, adolescents who get influence from their peer sexual behavior have 4 times the risk of having premarital sexual intercourse compared with adolescents who are not influenced by peers after being controlled by attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, dating style and a history of alcohol consumption. Efforts are needed to increase youth involvement in more useful activities so that they can create a good social environment and can prevent adolescents from the sexual behavior of peers
Unmet need is a health problem in married adolescents. The existence of teenagers has dominated the population in the world. Based on the 2019 UNICEF report, the population of adolescents (aged 10-19 years) is 16% of the total world population. Indonesia is one of the countries experiencing population density problems, with a population equivalent to 3.5% of the total world population. Research with a cross sectional design, to find out the factors related to unmet need in Indonesia in 2017. The sample in this study was 626 women aged 15-19 years with 626 married status. The proportion of Unmet need for contraception in couple of reproductive age pregnancies of adolescent girls aged 15-19 years in the 2017 IDHS is 8.5%. The results of the calculation of the research modeling showed that the proportion of unmet need for contraception in female adolescent couple of reproductive age pregnancies was 10.4%, with the proportion in urban areas being 53.84% and in rural areas being 46.15%. Factors related to the unmet need for contraception in adolescent pregnancy in Indonesia
Sexual and reproductive health rights include efforts to eliminate preventable maternal mortality and morbidity. The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is 305 per 100,000 live births. The cause of maternal death in Indonesia is still caused by 4 too which is too young. Teenage pregnancies are high risk, namely the risk of illness and death. Teenage pregnancy can be prevented through the family. Family structure can influence the incidence of teenage pregnancy. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design and uses multivariate multivariate analysis in the analysis process, namely risk factor logistic regression. Data was collected through secondary data from the 2017 IDHS. The results show that family structure affects adolescent pregnancy, namely family structure with single fathers, adolescents living with single fathers are 1.97 times at risk of teenage pregnancy (p value = 0.006). The results of risk factor analysis showed that single family structure influenced adolescent pregnancy differently according to the education of the head of the household, economic status, and smoking status of adolescents. Increasing the role of fathers in child care, the target of the family development program needs to be expanded not only to focus on mothers but also to focus on fathers, home visits, meeting hours for adolescent family development in single families need to be carried out in particular, including smoking problems separately as a major reproductive health problem. youth (KRR) in addition to the existing KRR triad, namely free sex, HIV/AIDS and drugs.
