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Tesis ini membahas keterkaitan persiapan orang tua pada keluarga childbearing terhadap kejadian stunting di Kabupaten Solok yang ada di Provinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2024 untuk mencari hubungan dan penjelasan mengenai kemungkinan faktor risiko terjadinya kasus stunting. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain kasus kontrol (case control). Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan di komunitas melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 184 orang ibu anak balita usia 24-59 bulan yang terdiri dari 92 orang ibu anak stunting dan 92 orang ibu anak tidak stunting di Kabupaten Solok, menggunakan teknik sampling acak bertingkat (multi-stage sampling) tahap dua. Pengolahan data melalui tahap editing, coding, processing, dan cleaning. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa persiapan orang tua memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian stunting (p=0.05) di Kabupaten Solok. Orang tua dengan persiapan yang kurang baik memiliki peluang 2,92 kali lebih tinggi untuk memiliki anak stunting (OR=2.92 95% 1.38-6.19) dibandingkan orang tua dengan persiapan yang baik. Variabel karakteristik sosial demografi ibu yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting adalah faktor tingkat pendidikan ibu (p=0.008) serta Tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga KS III dan III plus (p=0.049). Ibu yang hanya menempuh pendidikan hingga jenjang SMP atau kurang berpeluang 2,26 kali lebih tinggi untuk memiliki anak stunting (OR=2.26 95% 1.24-4.10). Ibu yang berada di Keluarga Sejahtera III dan III plus berpeluang 0,45 kali lebih tinggi untuk memiliki anak tidak stunting (OR=0.45 95% 0.20-1.00). Sedangkan faktor umur ibu saat melahirkan, riwayat kehamilan, interval persalinan, tingkat kesejahteraan keluarga, status tempat tinggal, dan status sanitasi tempat tinggal tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status sanitasi tempat tinggal merupakan variabel confounding hubungan persiapan orang tua dengan kejadian stunting. Dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status sanitasi tempat tinggal yang serupa, orang tua dengan persiapan kurang baik berpeluang 2,82 kali lebih tinggi memiliki anak stunting (OR=2.82 95% 1.282-6.218).
This thesis discusses the relationship between parental preparation in childbearing families and the incidence of stunting in Solok Regency, West Sumatra Province in 2024 to find relationships and explanations regarding possible risk factors for stunting cases. Quantitative research method with case-control design. Primary data collection was conducted in the community through interviews using questionnaires. The sample of this study was 184 mothers of toddlers aged 24-59 months consisting of 92 mothers of stunted children and 92 mothers of non-stunted children in Solok Regency, using a second-stage multi-stage sampling technique. Data processing through editing, coding, processing, and cleaning stages. Data analysis was carried out univariately, bivariately and multivariately. This study found that parental preparation had a significant relationship with the incidence of stunting (p = 0.05) in Solok Regency. Parents with poor preparation have a 2.92 times higher chance of having stunted children (OR=2.92 95% 1.38-6.19) compared to parents with good preparation. The socio-demographic characteristics of mothers that are related to the incidence of stunting are the mother's education level (p=0.008) and the family welfare level of KS III and III plus (p=0.049). Mothers who only have education up to junior high school level or less have a 2.26 times higher chance of having stunted children (OR=2.26 95% 1.24-4.10). Mothers who are in Family Welfare III and III plus have a 0.45 times higher chance of having non-stunted children (OR=0.45 95% 0.20-1.00). Meanwhile, the factors of mother's age at delivery, pregnancy history, delivery interval, family welfare level, residential status, and residential sanitation status are not related to the incidence of stunting. The level of maternal education and the sanitation status of the residence are confounding variables in the relationship between parental preparation and the incidence of stunting. With similar levels of maternal education and sanitation status of the residence, parents with poor preparation are 2.82 times more likely to have stunted children (OR=2.82 95% 1,282-6,218).
One of the nutritional problems in children under five is the main priority is stunting.Stunting in toddlers is caused by chronic malnutrition from the beginning ofdevelopment where the consequences are permanent. Stunting problems can have long-term effects on individuals and communities, including reduced cognitive, physical,productive and poor health, and an increased risk of degenerative diseases. The purposeof this study was to determine factors related to stunting incidence in toddlers in WestSumatera Province in 2017. This study uses secondary data Monitoring Nutrition Statusof West Sumatera Province with cross sectional study design and 6421 children underfive years old. Processing and data analysis using chi-square test (bivariate) andmultiple logistic regression test prediction model (multivariate). The result of statisticaltest shows that there is a significant relationship between toddler age, sex, mother'sheight, mother education, number of household member and residence area withstunting in children. Toddler age is the most dominant factor with stunting incidence intoddlers. It is recommended to support the improvement of public nutritionimprovement program budget in the effort to overcome the problem of stunting andarrange the program activity according to the need in the field and pay attention to thenutritional requirement of children according to the age stage.Keywords: Stunting, Toddler 0-59 month, West Sumatera.
Population and family planning development makes serious effort to improvethe quality and control the quantity of Indonesians. Data (Susenas, 2015) show thenumber of contraceptive use decreased from 61.75% by 2014 to 59.98% by 2015, inline with the improvement of unmet need for contraception from 10.98% by 2014 to15.8% by 2016 (SRPJMN, 2016). Unmet need for contraception is an inconsistency ofcontraceptive requirement or known in this research as type 1 unmet need. Besides thetype 1 unmet need there is type 2 unmet need that is mismatch of contraception usage.This study aims to know factors related to type 1 unmet need and type 2 unmet need forcontraception of family planning in West Sumatra Province. This was a study using datafrom National Mid-Term Development Plan Survey (SRPJMN) of West Sumatra for theyear 2017. We used the multinomial logistic regression to analyze the data for 1,180couples of reproductive age. The categories of dependent variable were type 1 unmetneed, type 2 unmet need, and met need. Independent variables consists of predisposingfactors and supporting factors. The results show the majority (58.5%) of subjects aged >35 years, number of children ≤ 2 (57.7%), and living in rural area (60.9%). Theproportion of type 2 unmet need (29.7%) is higher than type 1 unmet need (22.2%). Themultivariate analysis shows that variables related to type 1 unmet need were residence(OR = 1.4), counseling (OR = 4.2), education (1.7), and family planning health workervisit (OR = 0.6). While variables related to type 2 unmet need were residence (OR =1.4) and counseling (OR = 3.2). The most dominant variable associated with type 1unmet need and type 2 unmet need was counseling. Recommendations are addressed tofamily planning health workers in order to improve quality in family planning services,collaborate with religious leaders and community leaders to commit effectivecounseling so it can improve the needs of contraception and rational use of familyplanning.Keywords: type 1 unmet need, type 2 unmet need, family planning, RPJMN, WestSumatra.
Sekitar 20% dari jumlah penduduk Indonesia adalah remaja. Salah satu realitas perilaku seksual remaja adalah seks bebas dan kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan. Kehamilan tidak diinginkan bisa berakibat aborsi tidak aman bahkan berakhir dengan kematian. Risiko Iain yang dihadapi remaja adalah penularan penyakit menular seksual termasuk HIV/AIDS. Tujuan penelitian adalah diketahuinya perilaku seksual pelajar SMA Negeri di kota Solok dan hubungannya dengan pola asuh orang tua. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di kota Solok dengan sampel pelajar SMA Negeri. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebanyak 25,5% pelajar berperilaku berisiko, bahkan 4% diantaranya sudah melakukan hubungan seksual. Pada analisis bivariat didapatkan bahwa pola asuh orang tua berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual dengan OR 3,258. Pada analisis muhivariat diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak ada hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan perilaku seksual setelah dikontrol variabel sikap terhadap perilaku seksual, jumlah pacar dan paparan media pornografi. Diperoleh hubungan yang bermakna antara perilaku seksual dengan sikap terhadap perilaku seksual (OR 3,138), jumlah pacar (OR 5,234) dan paparan media pomograii (OR 44222) Terdapat hubungan yang berrnakna antara pola asuh orang rua dengan jumlah pacar dan paparan media pornografi. Faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual pelajar SMAN di kota Solok tahun 2008 adalah jumlah pacar setelah dikontrol variabel sikap terhadap perilaku seksual dan paparan media pornografi. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara perilaku seksual dengan jenis kelamin, usia pubertas, komunikasi dengan teman sebaya dan lama pertemuan dengan pacar. Tidak ditemukan hubungan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan seksual dengan perilaku seksual setelah dikontrol variabel sikap terhadap perilaku seksual, jumlah pacar dan paparan media pornografi. Berdasarkan penelitian ini perlu adanya peningkatan pengetahuan pelajar tentang kesehatan seksual melalui pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi remaja di sekolah dan pelayanan kesehatan peduli remaja. Orang tua hendaknya mengawasi remajanya terutama dalam hal berpacaran dan paparan media pornografi. Pengetahuan orang tua tentang pengasuhan (parenting) dan kesehatan reproduksi perlu ditingkatkan.
Around 20% from amounts of Indonesian residence are teenagers or adolescent. One of teenager's sexual behavior realities are free sex and unwanted pregnancy. Unwanted pregnancy could caused unsafe abortion moreover could ending with death. Another risk that faced by those teenagers is contagion of Sexual Transmitted Disease including HIV/AIDS. The research aim is to know teenager's sexual behavior at Government's Senior High School students in Solok city and its relation with parenting style. This research design is crass sectional. The research located in Solok city with sample of Government`s Senior High School students. This research result shown as 25,5% students having conduct risky behavior. even 4% of it had been ever conduct some sexual relation (intercourse). Through bivariate analysis known that parenting style related with sexual behavior with OR 3,258. Multivariate analysis got result that there is no relation between parenting style with sexual behavior alter amount variable attitude towards sexual behavior, sum of boyfriend or girlfriend. and pomography media exposure, had been controlled. Obtain significant relation between sexual behavior with attitude toward sexual behavior (OR 3,138), sum ol' boyfriend or girllriend (OR 5,234) and pornography media exposure (OR 4,222). Obtain significant relation between parenting style with sum of boyfriend or girlfriend and pornography media exposure. The most dominant factor that related with sexual behavior of Government`s Senior High School students in Solok city year 2008 is sum of boyfriend or girlfriend after attitude variable toward sexual behavior and pornography media exposure had been controlled. The significant relation between sexual behavior with sex, puberty age, peer communication, and time duration of date with boyfriend or girlfriend is not found. The relation between sexual health knowledge with sexual behavior is not found after attitude variable toward; sexual behavior, sum of boyfriend or girlfriend and pomography media exposure had been controlled. Based on this research its necessary to improve the students knowledge about sexual health trough teenager's reproduction health education at school and teenager care health services. Parents suggest to observe their daughter or son especially in boyfriend or girlfriend relationship and pornography media exposure. Improvement of student knowledge about sexual health trough education oftcenager health reproduction and teenager health care services are necessary.
Kata kunci: pola komunikasi, perilaku seksual berisiko, dan remaja
Sexuality and reproduktive health is an issue that is rare to be talk andbecome a taboo issue in society. Psychologically adolescent have a high curiosityand wanted try soething new. Taboo sexuality and reproductive health issue aremakes adolescent want to create new experiment about sexsual behavior whichmay impact on on unwanted pregnancy, sexually teransmitted infections, hiv andaids and an many more. This research was the relationship and communicationparents with risky sexual behavior in SMA Tunas Harapan.This research has been conducted with cross-sectional design. Teh datawas colled in Januari 2013 with 115 respondents. Data collected by usingstructured questionnaire that has been tested and analyzed prior univariate andbivariate.The results of this study show the relationship communication parent withrisky sexual behavior in SMA Tunas Harapan. The results of this study showed onrelationship to communication parent, attitudes, knowledge and exposure topornography. This study recommends the need for educate parents aboutreproductive health in adolescents and open communication in preventing riskysexual behavior in adolescents.
Keywords: communication patterns, risky sexual behaviors, and adolescents
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Lokasi penelitian di Kabupaten Karawang dengan populasi penelitian remaja pada 21 SMU Negeri. Penetapan sampel dengan rancangan multistage random sampling dengan besar sampel 300 orang. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui gambaran perilaku seksual remaja SMU Negeri di Kabupaten Karawang tahun 2013 dan hubungannya dengan pola asuh orang tua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 32,7% remaja berperilaku seksual berisiko, bahkan 12% sudah pernah melakukan hubungan seksual. Pada analisis bivariat diperoleh hubungan antara pola asuh permisif/otoritatif terhadap perilaku seksual dengan OR 2,462. Variabel yang paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seksual remaja adalah paparan jenis media pornografi.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted by using quantitative method and data analysis was based on crosssectional, data collected from multistage random sampling of 300 high school students in 21 Senior High schools in Karawang Regency.The objectives of the study were to find out the general description of sexual behaviours among high school students in Karawang Regency in 2013, and to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and adolescents’ sexual behaviours. The results showed that 32.7% of adolescents have risky sexual behaviours, and 12 % was found had premarital relationship. The bivariate analysis indicated that there was relationship between permissive/authoritarian parenting styles on adolescents’ sexual behaviours with OR 2.462. Furthermore, the results also revealed that the explosion of information on pornography from media was contributed as a main variable on adolescents’ sexual behaviours.
