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The exclusive breastfeeding coverage trend in Indonesia remains suboptimal. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the frequency of standardized antenatal care (ANC) visits and the practices of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers with infants aged 0–23 months. This investigation utilized the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI) to conduct its analysis. This cross-sectional study employed modified Cox regression to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and adjusted for covariates. The results indicated that 47.10% of infants aged 0–5 months were exclusively breastfed, and 64.90% of those aged 6–23 months had a history of exclusive breastfeeding, with 2.52% experiencing delayed complementary feeding. A significant association was identified between ANC visits with a p-value of at least 6 and exclusive breastfeeding in the 0–5 months group (PR adj: 3.01; 95% CI: 2.12–4.27). However, no such association was observed in the 6–23 months group. These findings underscore the necessity for the incorporation of sustained breastfeeding education initiatives beginning in pregnancy, along with the integration of MPASI timing into national monitoring indicators.
Angka kematian bayi akibat makrosomia meningkat 0,1% menurut Data Survey Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. Sementara itu, komplikasi persalinan ibu meningkat dari 35% pada tahun 2012 menjadi 41% pada tahun 2017. Dengan menggunakan data dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia, penelitian ini menyelidiki hubungan antara pemeriksaan kehamilan (antenatal care) dan variabel kejadian makrosomia dengan faktor pembaur (confounding) yakni Umur Ibu, Pekerjaan Ibu, Lokasi Tempat Tinggal Ibu, Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu, Status Sosial Ekonomi, Tempat Pemeriksaan saat kehamilan, dan Tenaga Pemeriksaan Kehamilan. Penelitian ini memakai metode penelitian kuantitatif observasional analitik melalui teknik cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan variabel dependen, yaitu kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan standar 10T yang dilakukan pada pasien ibu hamil dengan faktor konfounding-nya status pekerjaan ibu, daerah tempat tinggal ibu, dan tempat pemeriksaan kehamilan serta variabel interaksi antara daerah tempat tinggal dengan kuantitas ANC. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ibu yang tidak mendapatkan kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan yang sesuai standar berisiko 1,304 (95% CI 1,096-1,551) kali memiliki bayi makrosomia dibandingkan dengan ibu yang mendapatkan kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan yang sesuai standar. Pada faktor konfounding yang paling berisiko pada kejadian makrosomia adalah daerah tempat tinggal dengan POR=1,692 (95% CI 1,358- 2,109) artinya ibu yang tinggal di desa berisiko 1,692 kali memiliki bayi makrosomia dibandingkan ibu tinggal di kota. Kata kunci: Antenatal Care, Makrosomia, SDKI 2017
The infant mortality rate due to macrosomia increased by 0.1% according to the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey Data. Meanwhile, maternal birth complications increased from 35% in 2012 to 41% in 2017. Using data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey, this research investigate the relationship between antenatal care and macrosomia incidence variables with confounding factors, namely maternal age, maternal occupation, maternal residence location, maternal education level, socio-economic status, examination location during pregnancy, and prenatal examination personnel. This research uses quantitative observational analytical research methods using cross-sectional techniques. The results of the study show that the independent variable has a significant correlation with the dependent variable, namely the quality of pregnancy examinations with the 10T standard carried out on pregnant women with the confounding factors being the mother's employment status, the area where the mother lives, and the place of pregnancy examination as well as the interaction variable between regions. residence with ANC quantity. The results of the analysis show that mothers who do not receive quality pregnancy checks that meet standards have a 1.304 (95% CI 1.096-1.551) risk of having macrosomia babies compared to mothers who get quality pregnancy checks that meet standards. The confounding factor that is most at risk for the incidence of macrosomia is the area of residence with POR=1.692 (95% CI 1.358-2.109) meaning that mothers who live in villages are 1.692 times more likely to have macrosomia babies than mothers who live in cities. Keywords: Antenatal Care, Macrosomia, IDHS
The low rate of exclusive breastfeeding is a public health problem in Indonesia. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia is 52.5%. This rate is below the Ministry of Health's target at 2020-2024 aims for the exclusive breastfeeding rate as much as 69%. The sample comes from the "Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI)" in 2017, including mothers of infants less than six months whose data was complete and consistent. The sample was 1,494 respondents. Data were analyzed using Cox regression to determine the prevalence of bottle-feeding and exclusive breastfeeding status. The author analyzed the crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. The analysis of significance is using confidence range at 95% This study found that using bottle-feeding increases the risk of not exclusively breastfed among infants aged less than six months in Indonesia
Indonesia has targeted a reduction in stunting prevalence to 14,2% in 2029. However, this effort still faces major challenges such as the complexity of the double burden of malnutrition and suboptimal feeding practices during the first 1000 days of life. At individual level, a child can experience more than one malnutrition problem at once, which called the double burden of malnutrition. Limited studies have examined the double burden of malnutrition at individual level in Indonesia. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the association of complementary feeding practices and the double burden of malnutrition among children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the 2022 Indonesia Nutritional Status Survey. The double burden of malnutrition was assessed in forms of coexisting stunting-wasting and stunting-overweight, while complementary feeding practices was measured based on WHO and UNICEF IYCF indicators. A total of 69.884 children were analyzed for stunting-wasting and 72.158 children for stunting-overweight after meeting data completeness and no extreme values. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimated asjusted prevalence odds ratio (aPOR). This study found the prevalence of stunting-wasting and stunting-overweight was 2.7% and 0.7%, respectively. Among the children, 50.9% met the minimum dietary diversity (MDD), 83.5% met the minimum meal frequency (MMF), 45.3% met the minimum acceptable diet (MAD), 72.5% consumed eggs and flesh foods (EFF), 24.9% consumed sweet beverages (SwB), and 21.6% had zero consumption of fruits and vegetables (ZVF). SwB and ZVF indicators were significantly associated with both forms of the double burden of malnutrition. Children who did not consume sweet beverages had a 10% lower risk of stunting-wasting (aPOR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81–0.996) and a 31% lower risk of stunting-overweight (aPOR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.57–0.84) compared to children who consume sweet beverages. Meanwhile, children who consumed fruits and vegetables had a 20% lower risk of stunting-wasting (aPOR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.71–0.90) and a 29% lower risk of stunting-overweight (aPOR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.57–0.89) than those with zero intake of fruits and vegetables. These findings highlight the importance of improving the diversity and quality of foods provided in government programs, along with strengthening nutrition education and sweet beverages nutrition labeling policies to prevent the double burden of malnutrition among children.
