Kekerasan seksual merupakan permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat yang berdampak pada kondisi fisik, psikologis, sosial, dan kualitas hidup penyintas. Pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan berbagai regulasi, termasuk Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual, sebagai dasar penyelenggaraan perlindungan dan pelayanan bagi penyintas. Namun, implementasi regulasi di Provinsi Maluku Utara masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan akibat karakteristik wilayah kepulauan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor input, proses, dan output dalam implementasi regulasi penanganan penyintas kekerasan seksual di Provinsi Maluku Utara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Informan dipilih secara purposive sebanyak 15 orang yang terdiri atas unsur DP3A, Dinas Kesehatan, UPTD PPA, fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, Kepolisian, lembaga bantuan hukum/organisasi masyarakat sipil, akademisi, dan penyintas kekerasan seksual. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik menggunakan NVivo dengan triangulasi sumber, metode, dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor input telah mendukung implementasi regulasi melalui tersedianya regulasi, program, pedoman teknis, SOP, kelembagaan, dan sumber daya, meskipun masih terdapat keterbatasan SDM, pendanaan, dan sarana prasarana. Faktor proses telah berjalan melalui komunikasi, koordinasi lintas sektor, mekanisme pelayanan, sistem rujukan, serta monitoring dan evaluasi, namun belum optimal akibat kondisi geografis dan koordinasi antarinstansi. Faktor output menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterlaksanaan layanan, aksesibilitas, kualitas pelayanan, dan pengalaman positif penyintas, meskipun pemerataan layanan di wilayah kepulauan masih menjadi tantangan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi regulasi di Provinsi Maluku Utara telah berjalan, tetapi efektivitasnya masih memerlukan penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, pemerataan sumber daya, koordinasi lintas sektor, serta pengembangan layanan yang mampu menjangkau wilayah kepulauan.

Sexual violence is a public health issue that has significant physical, psychological, social, and quality-of-life impacts on survivors. The Government of Indonesia has enacted several regulations, including Law Number 12 of 2022 on the Crime of Sexual Violence, as the legal foundation for providing protection and services to survivors. However, the implementation of these regulations in North Maluku Province continues to face various challenges due to its archipelagic geographical characteristics. This study aimed to analyze the input, process, and output factors influencing the implementation of regulations for the management of sexual violence survivors in North Maluku Province. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Fifteen informants were purposively selected, comprising representatives from the Provincial Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, the Provincial Health Office, the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for Women's and Children's Protection (UPTD PPA), health service facilities, the Indonesian National Police, legal aid institutions/civil society organizations, academics, and survivors of sexual violence. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews, and analyzed using thematic analysis supported by NVivo software with source, method, and document triangulation. The findings indicate that input factors supported regulatory implementation through the availability of regulations, supporting programs, technical guidelines, standard operating procedures, institutional arrangements, and resources, although limitations in human resources, funding, and infrastructure remain. Process factors were reflected in communication, cross-sectoral coordination, service mechanisms, referral systems, and monitoring and evaluation; however, their effectiveness was constrained by geographical conditions and interagency coordination. Output factors demonstrated improvements in service implementation, accessibility, service quality, and survivors' experiences, although equitable service provision across the archipelagic areas remains a challenge. This study concludes that the implementation of regulations in North Maluku Province has been carried out; however, its effectiveness requires strengthening institutional capacity, equitable resource distribution, enhanced cross-sectoral coordination, and the development of accessible services capable of reaching remote island communities.

Kekerasan seksual pada remaja usia 13–17 tahun adalah tindakan seksual terhadap remaja yang berusia dibawah usia hukum dan belum matang secara psikososial, yang terjadi akibat eksploitasi kerentanan, dan tanpa persetujuan yang sah. Pelaporan kekerasan seksual pada remaja semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti determinan kekerasan seksual pada remaja di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosio-ekologi. Sumber data menggunakan data SNPHAR tahun 2021. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 4.903 remaja usia 13-17 tahun. Analisis yang digunakan adalah univariat, bivariat dan multivariabel. Temuan hasil penelitian ini menunjukan prevalensi kekerasan seksual di wilayah perkotaan sebesar 6,09% dan di pedesaan sebesar 5,84%. Determinan kekerasan seksual di perkotaan mencakup jenis kelamin (AOR: 2,57 95% CI: 1,69-3,90), sikap terhadap gender (AOR : 1,52 95%CI: 1,02-2,27), pekerjaan (AOR : 1,78 95% CI: 1,12-2,86) dan dukungan keluarga (AOR: 2,68 95%CI : 1,89-3,81). Kemudian, determinan kekerasan seksual di pedesaan mencakup disabilitas (AOR: 2,55 95%CI: 1,22-5,31), jenis kelamin (AOR: 2,35 95%CI: 1,39-3,97), dukungan keluarga (AOR: 2,56 95%CI: 1,78-3,68), pekerjaan (AOR : 1,85 95%CI : 1,13-3,01) dan paparan informasi kesehatan reproduksi (AOR: 0,54 95%CI: 0,31-0,94). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka diperlukan pencegahan primer, sekunder dan tersier agar kekerasan seksual pada remaja di Indonesia dapat ditangani.

Sexual violence against adolescents aged 13–17 years is a sexual act against adolescents who are under the legal age and psychosocially immature, which occurs as a result of exploitation of vulnerability and without true consent. Reports of sexual violence against adolescents are increasing every year. This study aims to investigate the determinants of sexual violence against adolescents in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The study employs a socio-ecological theory. Data sources utilize the 2021 SNPHAR data. The sample size comprises 4,903 adolescents aged 13–17 years. The analyses employed include univariate, bivariate, and multivariable analyses. The findings of this study show that the prevalence of sexual violence in urban areas is 6.09% and in rural areas is 5.84%. Determinants of sexual violence in urban areas include gender (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.69-3.90), attitudes toward gender (AOR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02–2.27), occupation (AOR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.12–2.86), and family support (AOR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.89–3.81). Furthermore, determinants of sexual violence in rural areas include disability (AOR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.22–5.31), gender (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.39–3.97), family support (AOR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.78–3.68), occupation (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.13–3.01), and exposure to reproductive health information (AOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31–0.94). Based on the results of this study, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention measures are needed to address sexual violence among adolescents in Indonesia.