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Gizi buruk yang melanda balita pada suatu daerah meskipun kejadiannya hanya pada 1 nak merupakan pertanda telah terjadi Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) gizi di daerah tersebut. Upaya penanggulangan gizi buruk dapat dilakukan didahului oleh informasi dari sistem surveilans gizi pada daerah tersebut, salah satu kegiatan sistem ini adalah Pemantauan Status Gizi (PSG) balita di posyandu setiap bulannya. Tidak hanya gizi buruk yang dapat diamati dari kegiatan ini, kelainan gizi yang lainpun dapat dideteksi. Hasil penelitian padakota Bengkulu menunjukkan bahwa sistem informasi kegiatan PSG balita setiap bulannya di posyandu tidak dapat memberikan informasi tentang besaran masalah kelainan gizi pada balita tetapi dapat memberikan informasi tentang tingkat pencapaian indikator SKDN sebagai bagian dari informasi pelaksanaan program penanggulangan Kekurangan Energi dan Protein (KEP) pada balita di posyandu. Rendahnya kualitas data disebabkan oleh sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan oleh puskesmas dilakukan secara manual disamping alat ukur timbang yang tidak sama tingkat kalibrasinya antar posyandu, dirnana untuk anak umur di atas 2 tahun diukur dengan timbangan injak yang berbeda merek dan tahun penggunaan antar posyandu, sedangkan anak umur 2 tahun ke bawah diukur menggunakan dacin. Penyebab lain tidak dapatnya kegiatan PSG balita di posyandu memberikan informasi tentang besaran masalah gizi di daerah ini adalah karena rendahnya tingkat pemanfaatan posyandu oleh masyarakat sasaran. Perihal di atas menimbulkan kebijakan akan perlunya survei PSG dilaksanakan satu kali setiap tahunnya. Pelaksanaan survei tidak efisien dalam memperoleh informasi besaran masalah gizi pada balita selagi sistem surveilans gizi melalui kegiatan PSG setiap bulannya di posyandu dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik. Penelitian ini menjawab akan perbaikan masalah di atas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah tersusunnya model sistem informasi yang adekuat, efektif dan efisien yang menghasilkan informasi untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan dalam rangka penyelenggaraan program penanggulangan KEP balita dalam lingkup dinas kesehatan kota Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan penelitian ini adalah pendekatan siklus hidup pengembangan sistem yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, analisis, perancangan dan pelaksanaan. Tahap pelaksanaan hanya sampai pada kegiatan dokumentasi sistem. Pengumpulan data dan informasi melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi dokumen. Unit analisis adalah Sub Dinas Kesehatan Keluarga dan Pengelola Program Gizi Puskesmas dalam lingkup Dinas Kesehatan Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menghasilkan prototipe program aplikasi basis data yang dapat digunakan dalam menunjang proses analisis, pelaporan dan penyajian informasi secara cepat, tepat dan akurat, oleh karena itu penelitian ini merekomendasikan akan perlunya seorang validator sistem sebagai pengendali pemasukan data basil penimbangan yang dilakukan oleh petugas. Komitmen petugas untuk teliti dalam memasukkan data dengan benar adalah faktor utama keberhasilan sistem. Adekuatnya sebuah sistem informasi kegiatan PSG balita di posyandu setiap bulannya tidak terlepas dari peran lintas sektor untuk menggairahkan posyandu untuk terus melakukan aktivitasnya dan selalu dimanfaatkan oleh seluruh masyarakat sasaran setiap bulannya sebagaiman Surat Edaran Menteri Dalam Negeri dan Otonomi Daerah tentang Pedoman Umum Revitalisasi Posyandu No. 411.311116ISJ Tanggal 13 Juni 2001. Berjalannya sistem informasi ini dengan baik membutuhkan komitmen dan kebijakan yang kuat dari penentu kebijakan, aturan yang jelas tentang organisasi pelaksana, penegakan sistem reward dan punisment secara kontinu dan konsisten, motivasi yang kuat dari pelaksana dan dukungan dana yang berkesinambungan.
One case of severe malnourished child found in a community could be the sign of an Outbreak. Effort to combating malnutrition can be prior done by nutritional surveillance system in that particular area, which one of the activities is monitoring of nutritional assessment in posyandu regularly every month. Within these activities we could earlier detect other sign of diseases instead of malnutrition. Result research done in Bengkulu City have showed that information system on monitoring of nutritional assessment was unable to give a broad information on the magnitude of malnutrition, however it give information for indicator achievement. Early warning system (SKDN) is known as part of implementation program information to overcome malnutrition among underfive children in posyandu. Low data qualities are caused by manually reporting and recording system by puskesmas staff instead of diverse weighing scale calibration degree among posyandu. The fact that children above 2 years old were measured by standing weighing scale with different branch and year, while those children under 2 years old were measured by dacin. Others causes were low utilization rate of posyandu by target community. Therefore according to the above explanation, policy on monitoring of nutritional assessment seemed very important to be implemented for once a year. Survey execution was inefficient in gathering information of magnitude of malnutrition among underfive children if surveillance system by monitoring of nutritional assessment every month could be regularly done. This study has answered those issues. The objective of the study was to create adequate, effective and accurate system information model that aimed to obtained information in support decision maker for combating malnutrition among underfive children in Health District office in Bengkulu City. The methodology used for this study was life cycle approach on system development which consist of planning, analysis, development and implementation phase. The implementation phase only reached on the documentation system activities. Data collection and information were gathered through in depth interview and observation. Analysis unit was Family Health Department and Nutrition Program Management within Health District office in Bengkulu City. This study have resulted program prototype on application data-based used to support analyses process, report and information presentation in efficient, precise and accurate. Therefore the results recommend the need of validation system as controller of aniropometric data done by puskesmas staff. Staff commitment to correctly input data is a major factor for the success of the system later on. Adequate information system on monitoring of nutritional assessment for underfive children in posyandu every month is not the out reached of corporation with other sectors to revitalize continuing posyandu activities and being used regularly by target community for every month. As state in letter of Ministry of General Affair and District Autonomy General Guideline for posyandu revitalization No. 411.3/1 1 16/SJ on June, 13 2001. Good Implementation of information system is required strong commitment from decision maker, clear rule on the organization, reward and punishment system with continue and consistent, strong motivation from the implementer and lastly continues financial support.
Background: Nutrition aspect is one of the most important factors on human resources development. On the other hand the prevalence of malnutrition in South Jakarta District in year 2003 was still very high, there were 2,250 (12.56 %) and 354 (1.98 %) under-five children at severe malnutrition condition. If we refer to those numbers it could assume that everyday there was malnutrition outbreak in that area. In its implementation, the nutrition surveillance (nutritional status monitoring) is supported by an information system called early warning system for food and nutrition problems (SKPG) which has already available in every health center in sub-district level in Jakarta Province. However up to now the system could not implement due to some constraints. Objective: The purpose of the study is to develop an information system for nutritional status monitoring among under-five children that prover, meet the requirement, and user friendly in Pesanggrahan Sub-District. Methodology: The study was conducted based on system development live cycle which consist of planning phase, analyses, and scheme of system tryout. Examination of system only conducted in laboratory by using data of sampel. Results: This research was resulted a prototype of information system to monitor the nutritional status among under-five children in Puskesmas Pesanggrahan (SIPSG). Conclution: SIPSG is expected to supply any needed information effectively. The system is designed to provide relevant, quick, precise and accurate data. Hopefully the system will be more useful in alleviating the nutrition problem through routine nutrition status monitoring in the area. Key words: SIPSG
Dampak gizi buruk pada balita adalah selain mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, juga menurunkan daya tahan tubuh yang secara langsung berpengaruh terhadap sumber daya manusia. Angka balita gizi kurang dan gizi buruk di Kabupaten Nagan Raya yang setiap tahunnya tidak ada penurunan yang signifikan, maka perlu dikembangkan suatu sistem informasi yang dapat dipergunakan untuk membantu para pengambil keputusan dalam melakukan tindakan penannggulangan berdasarkan wilayah. Penelitian pemantauan status gizi balita dengan pemanfaatan aplikasi sistem informasi geografis di Kabupaten Nagan Raya Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam ini menggunakan desain penelitian dengan pendekatan sistem dalam penyelesaian masalah. Metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan adalah system development life cycle digabungkan dengan elemen-elemen dalam model urutan model prototyping, juga berkaitan dengan keinginan pengguna yang bisa barubah seiring dengan waktu. Hasil analisa sistem dapat mengidentifikasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada dalam sistem yang sedang berjalan serta alternatif solusinya. Pemantauan status gizi balita dengan pemanfaatan aplikasi sistem informasi geogrnfis didesain untuk memudahkan pemasukan data dan analisa yang akhirnya menghasilkan Informasi yang berkualitas. Keluaran yang dihasilkan dari sistem ini adalah informasi berbentuk laporan tabel bulanan per-puskesmas dan laporan bulanan per-kecamatan. Grafik yang dihasilkan adalah jumlah kasus gizi kurang dan gizi buruk, serta cakupan vitamin A. Peta yang dihasilkan yaitu cakupan indikator N/D, D/S, BGM/D, vitamin A, cakupan imunisasi, sebaran kasus infeksi. Dengan melakukan penghitungan pembobotan dengan tehnik query akan didapatkan wilayah potensial rawan gizi. Pemantauan status gizi balita dengan pemanfaatan aplikasi sistem informasi geografi dapat dijadikan sebagai alat manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk penanggulanan gizi kurang dan gizi buruk di Kabupeten Nagan Raya.
The impact of malnutrition on kids does influence with their growth and development, and also decrease their body immune. This will directly affect in the quality of human resources. The number of kids either lack or malnutrition at Nagan Raya was insignificantly decreased in every year. In this case, it is needed to create information system that can be used to help the decision maker for dealing with the issues based on areas. The research of this status monitoring of kids nutrition with the aid of geographic information system application in period of 2008 at Nagan Raya area, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam used a problem solving approach. The applicable method is system development life cycle combined with elements in prototyping model. It matched with the changing needs of users during the time. The result of this system analysis can identify the problems in the operating system and provide the alternative solutions. The status monitoring of kids nutrition with the aid of geographic information system application is designed to facilitate the data input and analysis and to come up with the quality of information. The output of this system is very useful information in forms of monthly table for each PUSKESMAS and monthly for each region. The graphic shows the number of kids that are either lack or malnutrition, including the coverage intake of vitamin A, immunization. the wide spread of infection cases. With the calculation using query technique, the information will show the potential region where the malnutrition exists. This monitor will be useful for the decision makers for dealing with the lack as well as malnutrition issues at Nagan Raya area.
One of the nutritional problems in children under five is the main priority is stunting.Stunting in toddlers is caused by chronic malnutrition from the beginning ofdevelopment where the consequences are permanent. Stunting problems can have long-term effects on individuals and communities, including reduced cognitive, physical,productive and poor health, and an increased risk of degenerative diseases. The purposeof this study was to determine factors related to stunting incidence in toddlers in WestSumatera Province in 2017. This study uses secondary data Monitoring Nutrition Statusof West Sumatera Province with cross sectional study design and 6421 children underfive years old. Processing and data analysis using chi-square test (bivariate) andmultiple logistic regression test prediction model (multivariate). The result of statisticaltest shows that there is a significant relationship between toddler age, sex, mother'sheight, mother education, number of household member and residence area withstunting in children. Toddler age is the most dominant factor with stunting incidence intoddlers. It is recommended to support the improvement of public nutritionimprovement program budget in the effort to overcome the problem of stunting andarrange the program activity according to the need in the field and pay attention to thenutritional requirement of children according to the age stage.Keywords: Stunting, Toddler 0-59 month, West Sumatera.
Kesehatan dan gizi merupakan faktor yang penting karena secara langsung berpengaruh terhadap kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia di masyarakat. Status gizi masyarakat sering digambarkan dengan besaran masalah gizi pada kelompok balita. Kegiatan pemantauan balita kurang gizi merupakan kegiatan penting untuk kewaspadaan gizi. Peraturan yang mendukung terhadap kegiatan kewaspadaan gizi adalah Kepmenkes tentang pedoman penyelenggaraan surveilans epidemiologi kesehatan yang salah satunya tentang pelaksanaan kewaspadaan gizi daKepmenkes tentang standar pelayanan minimal yang menetapkan bahwa 80% kecamatan menjadi bebas rawan gizi. Angka balita kurang gizi yang cukup tinggi dan luasnya geografis Kabupaten Bogor mendasari diperlukannya suatu sistem informasi yang dapat dipergunakan untuk membantu para pengambil kebijakan dalam mengevaluasi dan intervensi program perbaikan gizi serta menentukan prioritas wilayah dalam pembinaannya. Penelitian pengembangan sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi di Kabupaten Bogor ini menggunakan desain penelitian dengan pendekatan sistem untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Dengan metode pendekatan sistem yang digunakan adalah incremental dengan metode prototyping yang meliputi tahapan perencanaan, analisis, perancangan, pengkodean dan uji coba prototype. Hasil analisis sistem dapat ngidentiftkasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada dalam sistem yang sedang berjalan serta altematif solusinya pada tingkat input, proses dan output. Sistem informasi pemantaun balita kurang gizi Sistem Informasi Geografts didesain untuk memudahkan input data dan analisis proses pengolahannya menjadi informasi. Output yang dihasilkan bempa laporan tabel, graftk prevalensi KEP, cakupan DIS, NID dan BGMID sebagai indikator pemantauan balita kurang gizi. Interpretasi lebih lanjut akan didapatkan peta sebaran kasus KEP, peta cakupan DIS, cakupan NID dan BGMID , sehingga akan didapatkan daerah yang rawan/potensi terhadap kasus balita kurang gizi. Aplikasi sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi ini dapat menjadi alat manajemen dalam pengambilan keputusan untuk kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan masalah balita kurang gizi di Kabupaten Bogor. Sistem informasi pemantauan balita kurang gizi berbasis sistem informasi geografi ini diharapkan dapat diman:faatkan bagi pengelola gizi lainnya.
It has already known that health and nutrition are the most important factors that directly influence the quality of human resources in the?society. Public nutritional status is usually described as the wide of the nutrition problems within is under-five group. Therefore, the activities on the monitoring of malnourished under-five children should be prioritized as it can be as a nutrition awareness system. The regulation that support the activities? on a nutrition awareness is stated in the ministry of health decision (MHD) on the Guidelines for the Implementation of Epidemiological Surveillance on the subject of a nutrition awareness, and MHD on the Minimum standard for services, which determine that 80% of sub-districts should be free from malnourishment state. The high rate on under-five malnourished and a broad-range of area geographically of bogor, are use to be the base on why information is needed, in order to assist for policy makers to evaluate and to intervene a nutrition improvement program, and to decide in which part of the area that program will be applied. The study on the development of information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children at the District of Bogor in using a system approach research design that intends to solve the problems. The met on of system approach fur the study is au incremental with a prototyping method .that consist of stages. of planning, analyzing, designing, coding, and prototype testing. The result of system analysis can be applied to identify problems that exist in the ongoing system and its solution alternatives at the level of input; process, and output, The information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children that based on the geographic information system (GIS) is designed for simplifying the data input and process analyzing into producing the information. Output yielded is in then from of Report Tables, Prevalence Graphics of EPD (Energy-protein deficiency), and Coverage of DIS, NID, and BGM/D as the indicators of malnourished under-five monitoring. An advance interpretation can be us to generate the map of tbe distribution of EPD cases, the map of the coverage on DIS, NID, and BGMID, in which identify the area that potentially become a malnourished under-five area. The information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children can be applied for management tools to meet the decision on any activities related to malnourished under-five at the district of Bogor. It is hoped that the information system to monitor the malnourished under-five children based on the GIS can be utilized by other nutrition managers.