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Kadar kolesterol tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab utama teljadinya aterosklerosis. Total kolesterol tinggi merupakan masalah utama di negara-negara sedang berkembang khususnya di daerah perkotaan. Di Indonesia, SKRT 2001 ditemukan prevalensi total kolesterol >200 mg/dl di Jawa-Bali untuk parkotaan (8,9 %) lebih tinggi daripada perdesaan (5,2 %) dan SKRT 2004 untuk seluruh Indonesia ditemukan di Perkotaan (14,8 %) dan perdesaan (12,3 %). Penehtian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat total kolesterol dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tinglrat total kolesterol orang dewasa di perkotaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah semua responden orang dewasa di perkotaan yang terpilih dalam SKRT 2004 dan memenuhi syarat penelitian, yaitu 892 orang. Pengolabeo data mengganakan program SPSS dan STAT A. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik two independent sample t test dan regresi logistik ganda model faktor determinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi total kolesterol tinggi sebesar 9,98 %, rnta-rata umur responden 44,58 tahun, sebagian besar responden adalah laki-laki 54,93 %, status kawin 86,55 %, gemuk 68,50 %, tidak aktif 76,01 %, konswnsi sayur dan buah rendah 93,16 %, pendidikan rendah 63,34 %, pendapatan rendah 63,34 % dan pengeluaran pangan berlemak rendah 63,79%. Umur berhubungan bennakna dengan tingkat total kolesterol (p=0,022), dimana umur pada responden total kolesterol tinggi (46,49 tahun) lebih tua dibandingkan total kolesterol nonnal (44,37 tahun). Ada hubungan yang bermakna jenis kelamin dengan tingkat total kolesterol (OR=2,23; 95%CI:l,35-3,67} Demikian pula status gizi (IMT) berhubungan bermakna dengan tingkat total kolesterol (0R=2,46; 95o/.CI;l,55-3,89). Jenis kelamin merupakan faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan tingkat total kolesterol (OR 2, 19; 95% CI:l,30-3,69). Kesimpulan, fuktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat total kolestcrol orang dewasa adalah umur, jenis kelamin dan status gizi. Faktor yang paling dorninan berhubungan dengan tingkat total kolesterol adalah jenis kelamin. Direkomenda.sikan perlunya program promosi pernantauan kadar lipoprotein kolestcrol (HDL, LDL) sebagai deteksi dini tetiadinya aterosklerosis dan pornantauan rutin kadar total kolesterol pada orang dewasa muda (25 kg/m2) agar mencapai status gizi tidak gemuk (lMT :525 kg/m2).
High cholesterol level is one of main cause factor; the occurrence of atherosclerosis cholesterol is main problem in developing countries especially in urban area. In Indonesia, from SKRT 2001 found cholesterol prevalence 2:200 in Java-Bali for urban is higher (8,9 %) than rural (5,2 %) and SKRT 2004 for entire Indonesia found in urban (14,8 %) and rural (12,3 %). These research aims are to find the view of total cholesterol level and factors that related with adult total cholesterol level in Indonesia urban area. This research is using cross sectional design, Research sample are all adult respondent in urban area that chosen from SKRT 2004 and qualified for research, which are 892 peoples. Data processed by SPSS and Stata program. Data analysis is using two independent sample t-test and double logistic regression test of determinant factor model. Research result shows total cholesterol level proportion is 9,98 o/o, age mean is 44,58 years old, most of the respondent is men 54,9 %, marital status 86,55 %, obesity 68,50 %, inactive 76,0 l %, low vegetables and fruit consumption 93,16 %, low education 63,34 %, low income 63,34 %, and low fat food expenditure 63,79 %_ Age have significant relation with total cholesterol (p=0,022), where age of high total cholesterol respondent (46,49 year) older than normal cholesterol (44,37 %)- There are significant relation of gender with total cholesterol level (OR~,23; 95% CI: I ,35- 3,67). Thus with nutrition status (BMI) significantly related with total cholesterol level (OR~2,46; 95o/oCI:1,55-3,89). Gender is dominant factor that with total cholesterol level (OR=2,19; 95% Cl: I ,30-3,69). Conclusion, factor that related with adult total cholesterol level is age, gender, and nutrition status. The most dominant factor related with total cholesterol level is gender. Suggested promotion program to monitor cholesterol lipoprotein level (HDL, LDL) as early detection of atherosclerosis and routine monitoring of early adult total cholesterol level (25 kg/m2) to achieve non-obese nutrition status (BMI;25 kg/m2).
The highest incidence of violence is domestic violence, women who have an attitude of disapproval of violence are able to fight and report acts of violence committed by their husbands. Attitudes towards wives towards violence are influenced by individual, family and community factors. This study aims to determine the factors related to the attitudes of wives towards violence against husbands in household in Indonesia. This study used secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (IDHS) with a cross sectional study design. The number of samples was 19,418 people. The results of this study indicate that out of 19,418 women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia, 71.1% of wives have a disagreement with husband's violence. Women who have a disagreement attitude are influenced by factors of age, education, area of residence, economic status and number of children. Education has a great influence with an OR value of 1.5 mothers with higher education have more disagreement with husband's violence than mothers who have low education. The problem of violence can be resolved by campaigning the issue of domestic violence to the community which is carried out intensively with a pattern of approaching individuals, families, community groups and according to the culture of the local community