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Tingginya prevalensi hipertensi dan stroke pada masyarakat kota Pariaman dan kebiasaan duduk di lapau, sebagai gaya hidup sedentari pada laki-laki, yang dilatarbelakangi budaya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan disain Kasus-Kontrol tidak berpasangan, pada 117 Kasus dan 117 Kontrol, laki-laki berusia 21 - 40 tahun. Kasus dipilih dari orang yang berkunjung ke RSUD Pariaman dan sebuah rumah sakit swasta di Pariaman, sedangkan Kontrol adalah tetangga Kasus dari rumah yang terdekat melingkupi rumah Kasus dan dipilih secara acak (Population based control). Kasus adalah penderita hipertensi ringan tanpa komplikasi yang berkunjung ke rumah sakit pada tahun 2006, dan pada saat wawancara mempunyai tekanan darah sistolik 140 -159 mmHg atau diastolik 90 -99 mmHg. Regresi logistik dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan ini. Terdapat 35,9% responden dari kelompok Kasus beraktivitas rendah dibandingkan dengan 14,S% dari kelompok Kontrol. Pada waktu bekerja terdapat 32,5% responden dari kelompok Kasus dengan indeks rendah dibandingkan dengan 22,2% dari kelompok Kontrol. Terdapat 17,1% responden dari kelompok Kasus dengan indeks olah raga rendah dibandingkan dengan 6,8% dari kelompok Kontrol, dan pada waktu senggang terdapat 24,8% responden dari kelompok Kasus dengan indeks rendah dibandingkan dengan 27,4% dari kelompok Kontrol. Laki-laki Pariaman usia 21 - 40 tahun dengan tingkat aktivitas fisik rendah mempunyai risiko untuk mengalami hipertensi ringan 4,06 kali lebih besar (OR 4,06 ;95%CI 1,81 - 9,10) dibandingkan laki-laki Pariaman usia 21 - 40 tahun dengan tingkat aktivitas fisik tinggi setelah dikontrol dengan status gizi dan frekuensi kebiasaan makan roti isi. Aktivitas fisik yang rendah berpengaruh terhadap timbulnya hipertensi ringan. Kebiasaan duduk di lapau harus diimbangi dengan meningkatkan kebiasaan olah raga Dinas Kesehatan Kota Pariaman didukung jajaran lain terkait perlu lebih mempromosikan upaya peningkatan aktivitas fisik di masyarakat dengan kampanye olah raga dan jalan kaki.
The high prevalence on hypertension and stroke among the people city of Pariaman and the sitting habit in the lapau, coffee stalls, as a sedentary life's style of men that culturally set up. Study is using an impaired case-control design with 117 cases and 117 controls of men aged 21 - 40 years old. Cases are chosen from visitors of General Hospital of the Distric of Pariaman ang of one Private Hospital in Pariaman, while controlsare the cases?neighbours from the closest house which surround the cases? houses and randomly selected (Population based control). Cases are stage I hypertension (JNC 7) patients without any comlpication who visit to hospital on 2006 and while interviewedis having blood pressure of systolic on 140 - 159 mmHg or diastolic on 90- 99 mmHg. Logistic regression is performed to analyze this association. There are 35.9% of low physical activities among cases' group compare to 14.5% of controls' group. During work time, there are 32-5% of respondents of case group that having low index, while 22.2% of control group. Seventeen point one percent (17.1%) respondent from the cases' group have low sport index compared to 6.8% of controls' group. During leissure time, there are 24.8% respondents irom the cases' group are having low index, while 27.4% of controls' group. Men in the city of Pariaman aged 21 - 40 years with low level of physical activity have a risk to develop stage I of hypertension 4.06 times greater (OR 4.06; 95%CI : 1.81 - 9.10) than men in the city of Pariaman aged 21 - 40 years with high level of physical activity after being controlled for overweight status and habitual frequency of stuffed bread consumption. Low physical activity influences the occurrence of 1st stage hypertension. Sitting habit in the lapau must be balanced with more higher habit of exercising. The Health Autority of kota Pariaman, supported by its related components, should increase the promotion on the importance of physical activities of the community, such as a campaign on community exercise and walking.
Kata kunci :Hipertensi, aktivitas fisik, cross sectional, cox regression, IFLS 5.
Hypertension is the leading causes for prematur death worldwide. Globally, WHOreported about nearly one billion people living with hypertension and it is estimated thatthis number will escalate to more than 1,5 billion by the year 2025. Insufficient physicalactivity is one of the modifiable risk factors for hypertension, which is not required greateffort and cost. In 2013, the prevalence of hypertension among Indonesian adults was25,8% and the proportion of insufficient physical activity was 26,1%. This study aims toknow the prevalence of hypertension, the proportion of insufficient physical activity andalso its relationship among the Indonesian adults based on IFLS 5 data in 2014. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 26.043 respondents in IFLS 5 aged 18 years andabove. The JNC-7 guidelines used to defined hypertension (if systolic blood pressure≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥90 mmHg), whereas physical activity measured by thehabit of performing physical activity for at least 10 minutes a week. Statistical test onbivariate and multivariate analysis using cox regression. The prevalence of hypertensionwas 24,09% and the proportion of insufficient physical activity was 35,68%. Statisticaltest shown there was a significant relationship between physical activity and hypertension(P value 0,000), people with insufficient physical activity at risk 1,15 times havinghypertension than those with active physical activity (PR: 1,15; 95 % CI: 1,09-1,21).Adults should do at least 30 minutes walking everyday, province/district health officeneeds to use social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc, in order to promotingthe benefit of physical activity.
Keywords :Hypertension, physical activity, cross sectional, cox regression, IFLS 5.
