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Pemerintah Indonesia berencana meningkatkan penggunaan batubara sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Dengan berjalannya kebijakan ini maka perlukan studi mengenai apakah memang ada dampak kesehatan yang bisa menjadi pada kesehatan pengguna briket batubara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pajanan di udara tempat kerja dengan keluhan pernafasan kronik pekerja pengguna kompor briket batubara di UKM. Penelitian dengan disain cross sectional ini dilakukan terhadap data mer hasil kuesioner dan pemeriksaan Hsik pekerja serta hasil pengukuran man di udara tempat kerja. Pajanan yang diukur meliputi debu total, NO2, Benzen, Cd dan Mn. §ampeI penelitian terdiri dari 61 responden pada mpok siudi dan 61 responden pada kelompok kontrol. Kelompok Studi ah pekerja pengguna briket batubara dan kelompok Kontrol adalah pekerja yguna bahan bakar lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda analisis oendent Sampel t test untuk variabel berskala numerik dan Chi Square untuk bel berskala kategorik. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna baik ajanan di udara tempat kerja maupun proporsi pekerja yang menderita keluhan amafasan kronik antara kelompok Studi dan kelompok Kontrol. Dan hampir emua parameter tidak ada yang melampaui NAB menurut ACGIH kecuali enzen di kelompok Kontrol. Dengan keterbatasan dari penelitian maka belum apat disimpulkan bahwa pengunaan briket batubara tidak menimbulkan dampak egatif terhadap sistem pernafasan pekeria. Untuk itu maka perlu dilakukan enelitian lebih lanjut dengan desain Kohort dan untuk semua jenis briket batubara yang ada.
The Indonesian government has determined a policy of using coal briquettes as alternative fuel. With the raising using it. government need information about health effects associated with the use of coal briquettes. The active of this study is to know worker's health effects to the respiratory symptoms of workers associated with using coat briquettes fuel ln small industries. The study design used in this study is cross sectional using primary resource of data resulting questioner, physical examination and measurement the =l of exposure in the workplace. The study exposure include all dust, NO2, ¢, Benzen_ Cd and Mn. The sampel consists of 61 responden from study rp and 61 respondent from control group. The study are worker's use of coal Jettees and control are worker‘s did not use it. The analysis method used in study is independent sampel t test for variable with scale of numeric and Chi are for variable with scale of categorize. Result of the study showed that there was no significant difference of exposure been study group with control group and proportion the respiratory symptoms workers was also no significant difference. All exposure below threshold limit ilues (TLVs) in the study. The study not result yet that the respiratory smptoms of worker's associated with using coal briquettes fuel in small industries. The suggests to continuous study with the kohort study and for all type of coal briquettes.
Sejalan dengan meningkatnya harga BBM di Indonesia sejak tiga tahun terakhir tezjadi peningkatan penggunaan bahan bakar batubara sebagai pengganti solar dan residu dengan alasan ekonomi. Di Kabupaten Bandung penggunaan bahan bakar batubara yang berisi air, uapan hasil pemanasan ini dialirkan ke tiap ruangan unmk pmses indusui. Penggunaan batubara kakan berdampak terhadap kesehatan berupa keluhan sistem pernafasan, gangguan faal paru bersifat obtruktif restriktif dan campuran. Desain penelitian adalah Studi Cross Sectional lmtuk mengetahui hubungan dampak penggunaan bahau bakar batubara dengm keluhan sistem pemafasan dan gangguan faal pada pekerja pada industri di kecamatau Majalaya Kabupamen Bandung Tahun 2007. Dilakukan pengujian antara faktor dependen (keluhan sistem pernafasan dan gangguan faal paru) dengan independen (Radar NO2, SO; CO, CO;, PMN dan debu respirabel), dan faktor confouding ( kebiasan mkok, lama kerja, APD), karakteristik pekerja (status sizi, riwayat penyakit, umur. Hasil telitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar NO; SO; CO, dan CO2 semuanya (l00%) kurang atau sama dengan NAB sedangkan PM", semuanya (I00%) melebihi NAB, debu respirabel sebesar 97,l% melebihi NAB, nanmn di semna industli NAB gabungan melebihi angka l. Prevalensi keluhan sistem pemaihsan sebesar 7I,4%, gangguan hal pam l6,2%.Gangguan faal paru bC¥hl1b\lD@l1 bermakna dengan penggunaan APD. Sehinga dapat dibuat model yaitu logit gngguan faal paru=-1,946 + 5,266*APD. Dari model di atas dapat dijelaskan bahwa pekerja yang bekerja di ruangan boiler batubara yang tidak menggunakan APD akan mempunyai risiko terjadinya gangguan faal pam sebesar 5 kali dibanding pekerja yang bekezja di ruangan boiler batubara yang menggunakan APD. Untuk mengetahui lebil mendalam perlu di1akukan penelitian kohon minimal selama 10 tahm; yang mencakup debu respirabel, komposisi batubara, dan faktor genetika yang berpengaruh terhadap gangguan faal Pam Pekerja boiler mempnmyai gizi kurang sebesar 24,8%._ kebiasaan memkok 8l,9% dan tergolong perokok berat, perusahaan perlu menyediakan makanan tambahan dan penyuluhan tentang bahaya merokok terhadap kmehatan. Pemerintah perlu mempertimbangkan lebih lanjut tentang penggunaan batubara dan apabila penggunaannya dilanjutkan dengan syarat adanya minimasi kadar debu dan komitmen penggunaan APD yang benar.
Align with the BBM price increase in Indonesia since the last three years,there has been an increase of coal use as a diesel substitute and residue due to economic reason. In Kabupaten Bandung this coal use is aimed to heat a boiler which contain of water, and the vapor which is released by the water is flowed to each chamber for the industry PTOCBSS. This industry has been using coal from 2003 until now. This coal use will give a negative impact on our health, especially on our respiratory system and could cause pulmonary disorders which are obstructive, restrictive, or mix of both. This research is using Cross Sectional design to know the relation of coal use and respiratory complaints and pulmonary disorders at Kecamatan Majalaya, Kabupaten Bandung in year 2007. Atesting was done on dependant factors (respiratory complain and pulmonary disorder) and independent factors (NO;, SOI, CO, CO; PMN level and repairable dust), and confounding lirctor (Smoking habit, service year , PPE), worlrfome characteristic (nutrition status, medical history, age). The result of this research shows that NO; SO; CO, and C02 level, all (l00%) less or equal with the NAB, for PMN all 100% exceeds the NAB, repairable dust is 97,l% exceeds the NAB, but 100% of NAB combine industry exceeds 1. The prevalence of respiratory complaint is l,4%, pulmonary disordas l5,2%. Pulmonary disorders related significantly with the PPE use. We can formulate a model, The Model explain that worker who work in coal boiler room who do not use PPE will have lung function disorder risk S time greater thanworker who use PPE. To know this problem comprehensively, another cohort research will need to be married forward for next 10 years, which includes respirable dust, coal composition, and genetics factors which influence the pulmonary disorders. Boiler workers have several supporting factors, such as lack of nutrition 24,8%, smoking habit 8l,9% and categorized as heavy smokers, therefore the company will need to provide extra nutrients and health education on the danger of smoking on our health. Guidance and observation on the industry will need to bc done from cross programs and related sectors continuously!! still can be used if only there is a dust volume minimization and PPE usage commitment.
Computers are work tools that are familiar to office workers. This activity can increase the risk of discomfort to body and become musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to analyse the relationship of individual factors (posture, age, sex, and body mass index) and work environment (temperature and lighting) on occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders at PT. X. This paper is also assessing the ergonomics of work station at PT. X based on PERMENKES no. 48 of 2016 concerning Office K3 Standards. The design of this study was cross-sectional with 42 workers and direct observation. 61.9% of workers experienced pain in the body during the last 1 month. The results of Nordic Body Map questionnaire show the most pain occurrence are at point 5 (back) as much as 57,7%, point 7 (waist) as much as 53,8%, and point 0 (upper neck) as much as 46,2%. Through quantitative analysis, it is known that on the individual factors, only the body mass index factor has a correlation (rho = 0,330 = moderate positive correlation) and significant (p-value = 0,033) on pain occurrence. Meanwhile, on the work environment factor, only the lighting factor has correlation (rho = -0.323 = moderate negative correlation) and significant (p-value = 0.037) on pain occurrence. Work station at PT. X needs some improvements because an unergonomic work station can be one of the contributors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders occurrence complaints among workers
