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ABSTRAK Di dalam negeri, dengan adanya kebijakan pemerintah tentang perubahan Pelabuhan Tanjung Priuk Jakarta dengan sistem pelabuhan kontainerisasi menyebabkan potensi meningkatnya pertumbuhan Perusahaan Bongkar Muat (PBM) yang menyebabkan makin tingginya persaingan di usaha ini. Dengan tingginya kebutuhan pasar dan persaingan, tidak menutup kemungkinan potensi kecelakaan kerja pada kegiatan perusahaan juga makin besar. Data kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi di PT X, dari Januari 2007 hingga bulan Agustus 2008 menunjukkan dari total kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi pada waktu tersebut, 23% ada hubungannya pada bagian operasi forklift. Apakah hal tersebut dikarenakan oleh buruknya iklim keselamatan (safexy climare) yang ada pada PT X, khususnya pada bagian operasi peralatan forklih. Untuk itulah penelitian ini diambil pada perusahaan bongkar muat, bagian operasi peralatan forklih PT X, dengan pertanyaan penelitian yaitu; "bagaimanakah dimensi safety climate yang ada pada Bagian operasi Peralaran Forklift PTX. ? Menurut teori safety climate dibangun oleh tiga faktor, diantaranya (1) faktor pekerja, (2) faktor perkerjaan yang ditunjukkan Iewat perikaku, dan (3) faktor organisasi atau manajemen perusahaan. Ketiga faktor tersebut saling berhubungan, yang artinya perlakuan pada salah satu faktor dapat mernberi hubungan dengan faktor yang lainnya. Secara khusus penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan dimensi safety climate, meliputi (a) Faktor individu, (b) Faktor perilaku, (c) Faktor organisasi Manajemen membuat kebijakan, peraturan, prosedur, menyediakan APD, program-prorgam K3 seperti pelatihan, safety talk, inspeksi, dan media papan safety untuk meningkatakan kepedulian dan pemahaman pekerja terkait K3. Manajemen menerapkan OHSAS sebagai salah satu alat untuk menciptakan sistem manajemen K3 yang dianggap bisa mewujudkan sasaan-sasaran K3 yang diharapkan oleh manajemen. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan pekerja telah memahami bahaya dan resiko yang ada di tempat kerja mereka. Pengetahuan Iainnya mengenai pengendalian resiko seperti dengan menggunakan APD sudah dipahami oleh pekerja, mengikuti prosedur dan instruksi kerja, namun masih dijumpai pelanggaran terhadap peraturan yang ada. Dari hasil penelitian pada bagian peralatan forklift PT X, peneliti bisa mengambil suatu kesimpulan bahwa safey climale pada PT X, khususnya pada bagian operasi forklift masih kurang baik, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan kembali. Walaupun tingkat kecelakaan menurun hingga bulan september 2008, namun jumlah kecelakaan pada bagian operasi forklift masih cukup mendominasi (23%) dari total kecelakaan yang ada, serta hasil wawancara dan observasi yang menunjukkan masih terjadinya pelanggaran yang ada terkait K3, dapat dijadikan indikator masih lemahnya safely climate yang ada.
Meningkatnya daya beli masyarakat dan penerapan Undang-undang Otonomi Daerah telah mcndorong pertumbuhan bisnis ritel diatns 20% sejak tahun 2000. Tingginya aktivitas bisnls ini salah satunya dapat dilihat di area kasir supemarket dan area gudang. Namun perkembangan ini tidak sejalan dengan kegiatan di area gudang yang masih didominasi oleh kegiatan manual (Manual Handling). Dampak terjadinya manual handling adalah risiko terjadonya gangguan otot rangka (musculoscelatal disorder) termasuk salah satunya Low Back Pain (LBP). Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional, evaluasi yang bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran risiko Manual Handling di area gudang PT X.
Increase of people's purchasing power and implementation of Regional Autonomy Act have stimulated growth of retail business over 20% since 2000. High rate of the business activities can be observed in cashier and warehouse premises t)r supermarket. However this condition is not accommodated by the warehouse·s activities which are still dominated by manual handling ones. Impact of the manual handling activities is risk of musculoskeletal disorders, among others, Low Back Pain (LBP). This research is observational and evaluative study intended Manual Handling risk in warehouse premises of PT.X.
This thesis discusses about the analysis at risk behavior unsafe behavior on workers in the furnace area PT. X. This research is a quantitative research using cross sectional study design and total of 78 respondents. The data used in this research is primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained from questionnaires filled by respondents while secondary data obtained through corporate documents. This research uses Coopers Reciprocal Safety Culture model of Behavioral Approach dimension.
Kata kunci:Kecelakaan, analisis kecelakaan, Human Factors And Classification System, HFACS, Comprehensive List Of Causes, CLC
This thesis assess the accident in PT XYZ 2015 by using Human Factors AndClassification System (HFACS) framework. This research is a semi-quantitativewith design study analytical descriptive. Results from this study are a layer ofHFACS most weakness is unsafe act at 11 from total 11 accidents with theelements of decision error becomes a factor of the number one weakness, thenfollowed with a precondition of unsafe act at 10 with the elements of conditions ofservice to be the factors that most contribute to accidents, followed by unsafesupervision at 7 with inadequate leadership element is the factor that mostcontributed to the accident, and the latter as much as 5 of organizationalinfluences with elements of organizational climate and resource management isthe factor that most contributed to the accident. The analysis of research suggestscorrective actions at each level of HFACS, not only for active failures but alsolatent failures with reinforcing corrective action at the unsafe act layer.
Key words:Accident, accident analysis, Human Factors And Classification System, HFACS,Comprehensive List Of Causes, CLC
Working at heights is a high-risk activity. Falls from heights accounted for 38% of the 105,182 work accidents in the construction sector. In 2020 and 2021, PT.X had two falls from a height. Organizational influence is the biggest contributor in both cases. This study discusses in depth the analysis of work accidents at the height that occurred at PT.X in 2020-2021 using human factors aspects. In the accident analysis, one of the theories of human factors will be used, namely the Swiss Cheese Model with derivative tools, namely Human Factors Analysis and Classification. The research method used is a case study using secondary data and interviews with PT.X. The use of human factors aspects in accidents at work will find latent conditions and active failures that can be contributing factors to accidents. Latent conditions found include lack of management awareness in enforcing safety aspects, unavailability of optimal safety support facilities, and others. While active conditions that contribute include lack of knowledge and training of workers about hazards and controls in the workplace, violation of work rules, and others. Researchers suggest PT.X make improvements to the factors that contribute to the incidence of accidents, especially at the management and organizational levels.
Fire incidents are a prevalent type of work-related accident in the manufacturing sector, including the cement industry. PT X is one of the cement factories that reported 21 fire cases from 2020 to 2024, indicating a concerning trend of recurring incidents yearly. This study aims to analyze the fire trend at PT X through the lens of human factors, utilizing the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) approach. Employing a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical design, the research relies on secondary data from the company's incident investigation reports and interviews with relevant stakeholders. This study performed data analysis to elucidate the characteristics and causal factors underlying the trend in fire incidents, utilizing the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) framework. The findings reveal that latent conditions significantly impact the fire trend more than active failures. Key causal factors identified in latent conditions include resource management, inadequate supervision, and crew resource management, while decision errors are the dominant causal factors identified in active failures.
