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This thesis discusses the Analysis of Leadership Style of Local Province Hospital Director to the Function of Director Leadership in the Implementation of Local Province Hospital Management in the Capital City of Jakarta in year 2010. This research was Quantitative Descriptive Analysis and Qualitative Confirmation Method with the cross sectional approach. The result of the research show that dominant leadership style from local province hospitals directors in Jakarta is a supporting leadership style with high level of flexibility and middle level of effectiveness.
Kata kunci : Akreditasi rumah sakit, praktik cuci tangan, perawat
Hospital accreditation is for patient safety by assessing handwashing practices in working group of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) version 2012. The purpose of this research is to see the practice of handwashing done by nurses in Kemayoran Hospital ward everyday which is one of the requirements of hospital accreditation. The method used is quantitative-qualitative research (mixed method). Quantitative research design is cross sectional and qualitative data is obtained by direct observation and in-depth interview. The result of nurse hand washing practice was 58,3%. Age variables, workspace, workplace reminders, learning media, availability of gloves, search kars and relationship attitudes Handwashing Practice, p Value < 0.05. Conclusion: How to overcome the obstacles are made firm and binding regulations such as rewards and punishments such as inclusion of hand-washing practice activities into employee performance goals and e-performance as the main activity so that for those who practice hand washing less will reduce the remuneration and if this continue to happen will have an impact to employee performance goals assessments that may result in suspension and dismissal.
Keywords: Hospital accreditation, handwashing practices, nurse
Pelaporan kesalahan pelayanan merupakan usaha untuk memperbaiki sistem pelayanan dalam mencapai pelayanan yang aman. RSUD Kab Bekasi dalam mengembangkan program keselamatan pasien sejak tahun 2009, yang terlihat dari laporan tahunan program keselamatan pasien, terdapat indikasi perlunya peningkatan kesadaran setiap personil dalam melaporkan kesalahan pelayanan, termasuk perawat pelaksana di unit rawat inap rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur persepsi perawat pelaksana dalam melaporkan kesalahan pelayanan serta mencari hubungannya dengan budaya keselamatan pasien, gaya kepemimpinan, dan kerja tim. Penelitian dirancang dengan disain cross sectional dengan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai alat ukur. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan November 2011.Responden merupakan keseluruhan perawat pelaksana di unit rawat inap RSUD Kab. Bekasi dan didapatkan 77 kuesioner yang dapat dianalisa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara univariat dan multivariat dengan menggunakan metode component based structural equation modeling dengan aplikasi komputer SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan budaya keselamatan pasien, gaya kepemimpinan, kerja tim dan persepsi pelaporan kesalahan pelayanan oleh perawat dalam penilaian sedang. Didapatkan pula adanya pengaruh baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung budaya keselamatan pasien, gaya kepemimpinan, dan kerja tim terhadap persepsi pelaporan kesalahan pelayanan oleh perawat. Total pengaruh sebesar 89%. Persamaan linier yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah persepsi pelaporan kesalahan = 0,12.budaya keselamatan pasien + 0,30.kepemimpinan transaksional ? 0,22.kepemimpinan transformasional + 0,37.kerja tim + 0,26. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan perlunya peningkatan faktor-faktor yang terbukti memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan pelaporan dapat menjadi dasar usaha perbaikan. Terdapat pula faktor-faktor lain yang tidak masuk dalam model penelitian ini yang mempengaruhi perawat dalam melaporkan kesalahan pelayanan yang masih perlu digali agar pelaporan kesalahan pelayanan di masa depan dapat meningkat.
Reporting errors is an attempt to improve the system in achieving a safe service. From a report in 2010 in RSUD Kab. Bekasi seen that the number of cases or incidents reported has increased, but still needs to improve awareness of any personnel, including nurse in inpatient units. The aim of this study is to measure the nurse?s perception in the reporting of sevice delivery errors and to find a relationship between the behavior to other factors: patient safety culture, leadership style, and team work. This study was using cross-sectional design by questionnaire as a measuring tool. Data was collected in November 2011 from the entire nurse at the inpatient unit of the hospital as respondens. There are 77 questionnaires that can be analyzed. The data obtained were analyzed using multivariate methods by component-based structural equation modeling with computer applications SmartPLS. The results of this study suggest patient safety culture, leadership style, teamwork and the perception of service delivery error reporting by nurses are in intermediate conditions. It was found that there are relationship obtained either directly or indirectly from patient safety culture, leadership style, and teamwork to service delivery error reporting by nurses. This research model can explain the real state of 89%. Linier equation from this model is reporting perception = 0,12.patient safety culture + 0,30.transactional leader ? 0,22.transformational leader + 0,37.team work+ 0,26. From this study it can be concluded that factors that are proven to provide positive influence of this research can be the basis of improvement efforts. In addition, there are other factors that are not included in this study that should be considered that better reporting of medical errors.
Latar Belakang. Pada Renstra 2010-2014 men-targetkan pencapaian persentase RS yang melaksanakan Jamkesmas sebesar 95% pada 2014. Pelaksanaan Jamkesmas di RS swasta dapat dilaksankan setelah ada bentuk kemitraan melalui perjanjian kerja sama (PKS). Namun kondisi saat ini menunjukkan minat RS bentuk privat sangat rendah, hanya seperempat dari RS publik, sedangkan pertumbuhan RS privat sangat pesat. Pada tahun 2008 tercatat jumlah RS privat di Indonesia sebanyak 85, dan pada tahun 2010 meningkat menjadi 191. Hal ini diperburuk kecenderungan RS publik berubah menjadi privat. Maka dari itu, pertumbuhan RS yang didominasi oleh rumah sakit privat tidak akan sejalan dengan peningkatan RS yang mau bermitra dengan Jamkesmas. Menurut Notoadmodjo (2005), dalam menjalin suatu kemitraan yang harmonis perlu diketahui calon mitra ataupun karakteristik dari rumah sakit swasta, untuk itu, perlu diketahui bagaimana karakteristik rumah sakit swasta di Indonesia saat ini, dan apa upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk dapat menjalin suatu kemitraan publik-privat. Metode. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dan k uantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Data primer melalui kuesioner kepada direktur RS swasta di Indonesia. Informan adalah pemegang kebijakan atau pengelola Jamkesmas dan perumahsakitan di Kemenkes. Wawancara mendalam diarahkan untuk menggali informasi terhadap hasil data kuantitaf sehingga dapat ditemukan jawaban maupun kesenjangan yang ada. Studi pendahuluan dengan menganalisis data sekunder unit pengaduan masyarakat tahun 2007-2010, dikategorisasi sebagai dasar penyusunan kerangka konsep dan pertanyaan kuesioner. Faktor yang diukur adalah faktor internal individu direktur RS swasta sebagai pembuat keputusan dan faktor karakteristik rumah sakit, serta kebijakan suprastruktur rumah sakit yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan Jamkesmas. Hasil. Sampel yang masuk sebanyak 159 RS (20,7%) merepresentasikan RS kelas C dan D (93,7%). Semua RS berpandangan tarif INA-CBG terlalu rendah, disamping juga bahwa RS swasta masih memiliki mind set fee for service. Uji diskriminan didapatkan faktor-faktor yang paling berpengaruh berturut-turut adalah keterbatasan sarana-prasarana rumah sakit, pengetahuan direktur, persyaratan Jamkesmas, fungsi sosial rumah sakit dan administrasi klaim. Hasil uji Chi Square didapatkan minat tetap rendah pada RS privat dimana memiliki pengaruh suprastruktur yang kuat, jenis RS Khusus, RS dengan BOR tinggi serta RS dengan target pasar menengah keatas. Diketahui tidak ada bentuk kegiatan IX “pemasaran” secara khusus dari Tingkat Pusat (Kemenkes) kepada PPK yang belum bermitra sehingga pencapaian target Renstra sangat tergantung dari kontribusi pemerintah daerah. Uji statistik membandingkan antara kelompok yang hanya terpapar informasi dari pemerintah dengan yang tidak (umum), terbukti menurunkan perbedaan mean serta meningkatkan OR terhadap kemitraan Jamkesmas, hal tersebut berarti faktor informasi (sosialisasi) meningkatkan minat RS swasta untuk bermitra. Kecenderungan perubahan publik ke privat, bahkan RS publik kian berprilaku seperti privat disinyalir karena tidak ada pengawasan khusus ataupun insentif yang cukup bagi RS publik, sehingga perlu segera merealisasikan merealisasikan Badan Pengawas Rumah Sakit. Kepustakaan 90 (1992- 2010), Gambar 18, Tabel 48, Lampiran 6 Kata Kunci : Jamkesmas, privat, publik, Kementerian Kesehatan, kemitraan
Background. In the 2010-2014 Strategic Plan (Renstra), MoH targeting the percentage of hospitals that perform Jamkesmas by 95% in 2014. Implementation Jamkesmas in private hospitals can be carried after there is a form of partnership through a memorandum of understanding (MoU). However, current conditions indicate low interest from the for profit (PT) hospitals, only a quarter of the public (not for profit) hospitals interest, while the growth of for profit (PT) hospitals increased rapidly. In 2008, recorded number of for profit( PT) hospitals in Indonesia is 85, and by the year 2010 increased up to 191. This exacerbated the tendency of not for profit hospitals become for profit (PT) ho spital. Therefore, the growth of the hospital which is dominated by for profit hospitals will not be in line with the number of hospitals that want to partner with Jamkesmas. According Notoadmodjo (2005), in establishing a harmonious partnership need to know the partners characteristics of private hospitals, for that, it is important to know the characteristics of private hospitals in Indonesia, and what the government's efforts to forge public-private partnerships. Methods. This type of study is qualitative and quantitative research with cross sectional design. Primary data through questionnaire to directors (CEO) of private hospitals in Indonesia. The informants are policy holder and/or the program manager of Jamkesmas and hospitals regulator in MoH. In-depth interviews aimed to collect information towards the kuantitatives outcomes analysis, in order to discover answers and gaps that might exist. Preliminary studies done by analyzing the public complaints unit data from 2007-2010, categorized, as the basis for the conceptual framework and questionnaire questions. Factors that measured consists internal factors of CEO include perception to Jamkemas, hospital characteristics, and governing body policies that allegedly affect the implementation of Jamkesmas in private hospitals. . XI Results. Samples reached 159 (20,7%) hospitals representing hospitals C and D class (93.7%). All hospital agreed that INA-CBG rates are too low, as the private hospitals still have the “fee for service” mind set. Discriminant test obtained the factors that most effect are the unavailability of hospital infrastructure, CEO knowledge, requirements of Jamkesmas partnership, social functions and claims administration. From thr Chi Square test results obtained low-interest fixed at a for profit (PT) hospital which has strong influenced by their governing body, special hospitals, hospitals with high utilization (BOR) and the hospital that has middle upper markets. Furthur, it is note there is no special form of "marketing" activities by the MoH to hospitals that have not partnered, so that, the achievement of target in Renstra is dependen on the local governments contribution. Statistical test to compare between the exclusive exposure (informed) by government group and those “whose not exclusive” group, evidence could lowering the mean differences and add OR value, which means socialisation from government can increase the interest of private hospitals to partner with Jamkesmas. The trend of changes public hospitals become private reduced their social function is presumably because there is no special monitoring form the government and the incentives are sufficient, so it required immediately realize the Supervisory Board of the Hospital. Lite rature 90 (1992-2010), Picture 18, Table 48, Attachme nt 6 Keyword : Jamkesmas, for profit hospital, not for profit hospital, MoH, partnership
