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Volcanic eruptions are a frequent natural disaster in Indonesia, with Mount Semeru being one of the most active volcanoes. Eruptions induce changes in the environment, microclimate, and air quality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between climate variations and the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in Malang and Lumajang Regencies, areas affected by the Mount Semeru eruption on December 4, 2022. Observational data on climate and air quality from the BMKG (Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics) and ARI incidence data from local health departments, spanning August 2022 to March 2023, were utilized. This ecological study employed correlation analysis as its methodological approach. The highest proportion of ARI was observed in Pronojiwo District (5.1%), while the highest number of ARI cases was recorded in Dampit District (3,005 cases). All variables in the study did not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship with ARI incidence (p-value > 0.05). However, the correlation coefficients indicated weak to moderate correlations: mean air temperature (r = 0.155), minimum temperature (r = -0.038), Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR) (r = -0.046), maximum temperature (r = -0.315), rainfall (r = -0.024), relative humidity (r = -0.188), duration of sunshine (r = 0.186), and PM2.5 concentration (r = 0.192). The potential correlation between climate and air quality variables and ARI incidence warrants consideration for future research.
Volcanic eruptions impact the health and quality of life of people living in disaster areas, especially adolescents. Social capital is a potential resource for improving adolescents’s health-related quality of life. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social capital and health-related quality of life among adolescents affected by the eruption of Mount Sinabung, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. This study is a mixed-methods study with an embedded sequential design. A qualitative study (phase 1) provides a secondary supporting role in the main quantitative study (phase 2), which is then followed by a qualitative study (phase 3) to explain the findings in the main quantitative research. Quantitative research using a cross-sectional design. Health-related quality of life was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life InventoryTM (PedsQLTM) version 4.0 questionnaire on 318 respondents aged 10-18 years using a simple random sampling technique. Quantitative data were analyzed using Cox Regression. Qualitative approach using a Rapid Assessment Procedure (RAP) design. Qualitative data were collected through observation, focus group discussions (FGDs), and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the proportion of poor health-related quality of life was 45.4%. The proportion of adolescents with low individual social capital was 69.4% and low community social capital was 47.4%. Individual social capital was associated with health-related quality of life (PR = 2,224; 95% CI 1,424-2,473), while community social capital was not a risk factor for adolescents' health-related quality of life (PR = 1,017; 95% CI 0,601-1,721). This quantitative finding is supported by the qualitative finding that individual-level social capital that contributes to poor quality of life in adolescents includes the unfulfilled sense of security from the eruption of Mount Sinabung in adolescents who are not relocated and adolescents need a sense of protection from crime; unpleasant experiences while living in temporary refugee camps; lack of familiarity with fellow community members since living in relocation; low participation of adolescents in organizations due to low transportation accessibility; and obligations that become a burden for adolescents, especially adolescents who are not relocated. Although community social capital is not a risk factor for adolescents' health quality of life, it qualitatively plays a role in adolescents' health quality of life, such as adolescents' parents utilizing membership in economic organizations for adolescents' education expenses and the use of public spaces such as sports fields and jambur by adolescents in government relocations that provide opportunities for adolescents to interact socially with their peers and the surrounding community. Based on this study's findings, local governments should be able to utilize and strengthen social capital at both the individual and community levels to improve the quality of life of disaster-affected adolescent health by considering the type of relocation and age group.
Latar Belakang: Erupsi gunung berapi di Yogyakarta, pada tahun 2010 memuntahkan debu vulkanik yang tersebar di udara terhirup ke dalam saluran pernafasan penduduk di sekitarnya sehingga menimbulkan gangguan fungsi faal paru. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan penggunaan masker dengan gangguan fungsi faal paru. Metode: Studi cross-sectional dilaksanakan di desa Sedayu, pada Maret 2011. Sebanyak 196 responden umur 21 – 50 tahun dipilih dengan rancangan sampel klaster 2 tahap. Pemilihan klaster pada tahap pertama dilakukan secara PPS (probability proportionate to size), berdasarkan dusun yang ada dan tahap kedua secara acak sederhana dengan unit elementer individu. Dilakukan wawancara terstruktur dan pemeriksaan menggunakan spirometer. Hasil: Prevalensi gangguan fungsi faal paru pada populasi adalah 48,47%. Masker N-95 memberikan proteksi paling baik diantara semua jenis masker yang diteliti yaitu Prevalence Odd Ratio (POR) adjust = 0,101 (95% CI 0,011 – 0,930). Kesimpulan: Disarankan menggunakan masker N-95 untuk mengurangi gangguan fungsi faal paru akibat paparan debu vulkanik. Penelitian dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar perlu dilakukan. Kata kunci : debu vulkanik, masker, gangguan fungsi faal paru, Merapi
Background: volcano eruption in Yogyakarta, in 2010 spewed volcanic ash spread in the air inhaled into the respiratory tract in the surrounding population, giving rise to of respiratory physiological disorder. This research is to determine relationships mask use with respiratory physiological disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the village Sedayu, in March 2011. A total of 196 respondents aged 21-50 years selected with 2-stage cluster sample design. Selection of clusters in the first stage carried out by PPS (probability proportionate to size), based on the existing village and the second stage is simple random sampling with an elementary unit is the individual. Structured interview and examination using a spirometer. Results: The prevalence of respiratory physiological disorder in a population is 48.47%. N-95 masks provide the best protection among all types of masks studied were Prevalence Odd Ratio (POR) adjusted = 0.101 (95% CI 0.011 - 0.930).. Conclusion: It is recommended to use N-95 masks to reduce respiratory physiological disorder due to exposure to volcanic ash. Further research with larger sample size also be conducted. Keywords: volcanic ash, mask, respiratory physiological disorder, Merapi.
