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Menarche adalah menstruasi yang pertama kali dialami oleh seorang remaja putri. Menarche yang semakin dini memungkinkan remaja lebih cepat bersentuhan dengan kehidupan seksual sehingga kemungkinan untuk hamil dan menjadi ibu semakin besar. Menarche dini memberikan dampak terjadinya obesitas pada saat dewasa. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran variabel yang berhubungan dengan status menarche, mengetahui hubungan status gizi dengan status menarche dan juga hubungan status gizi dengan status menarche pada remaja (usia 10-15 tahun) di Indonesia apakah dipengaruhi oleh asupan energi, keadaan sosial ekonomi keluarga, wilayah tempat tinggal dan usia menarche ibu. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah remaja usia 10–15 tahun. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder hasil Riskesdas tahun 2010 yang dilakukan oleh Balitbangkes, KemKes RI. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Mei – Juni 2011 di FKM - UI. Analisis data dilakukan untuk semua variabel, bivariat dan stratifikasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa dari 6802 responden (usia 10-15 tahun) di Indonesia sebesar 20,8% (1418 responden) sudah mengalami menarche dengan rata-rata usia menarche adalah 12,74±1,19 tahun. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi dengan status menarche dengan nilai OR 1,940. Berdasarkan hasil analisis stratifikasi, tidak ada variabel confounder dalam hubungan antara status gizi dengan status menarche. Uji efek modifikasi juga menghasilkan tidak ada variabel yang berinteraksi pada hubungan antara status gizi dengan status menarche. Status gizi merupakan faktor utama yang berhubungan dengan status menarche, maka yang berkaitan dengan status gizi adalah konsumsi makanan sebagai asupan gizi remaja putri yang perlu mendapat perhatian utama. Oleh karena itu disarankan untuk memasyarakatkan dan menerapkan PUGS melalui sekolah dan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi remaja diberikan sedini mungkin. Daftar bacaan : 51 (1985-2011) Kata kunci : menarche, status gizi, remaja
Menarche is the first time menstruation experienced by girl. Early menarche allows a faster teenager in touch with her sex lives so the chances of teens to get pregnant and become a mother getting bigger. Early menarche impact obesity in adult. The study aims to know the description of variables related to menarche status, to know the association between nutritional status and menarche status and also the association between nutritional status and menarche in adolescent (aged 10-15 years) in Indonesia whether influenced by energy intake, family socio-economic situation, area of residence, and maternal age of menarche. This study was conducted with a quantitative approach and cross sectional design. The sample of study was girls aged 10-15 years. The data in this study is secondary data of Riskesdas in 2010 conducted by the National in Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health. The study was conducted in MayJune 2011 in the Faculty of Public Health – University of Indonesia, Depok – West Java. Data analysis are performed univariate, bivariate, and stratification. The study found that from 6802 respondents (aged 10-15 years) in Indonesia, 20,8% (1418 respondents) had experienced menarche with an average of menarche was 12,74±1,19 years. There is a significant association between nutritional status and menarche status with OR value 1,940. Based on stratification analysis, there is no confounder variables in association between nutritional status and menarche status. Modification effect test also shows there is no variable interact in association nutritional status and menarche status. Nutritional status is the major factor associated with menarche status, so that factor associated to nutritional status that is consumption of food as girl nutrient intake should receive primary attention. It is therefore advisible to promote and implement General Guidelines of Balance Nutrition through school and adolescent reproductive health knowledge should be given as early as possible. Reference : 51 (1985-2011) Key words : menarche, nutritional status, adolescents
Kata kunci: Anemia, remaja putri
Anemia is a condition of hemoglobin (hb) concentration lower than normal, and has affected various populations including adolescent girls. Adolescent girls ages 10-14 years have a high risk for anemia which can affect cognitive and motoric development such as impaired physical capacity and work performance. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia and related factors based on menstrual status, consumption of animal foods behavior, consumption of fatty food behavior, nutritional status, iron supplements consumption behavior, education status, father's employment status, and area of residence in adolescents girls ages 10-14 years in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data obtained from Riskesdas 2018 with a cross sectional study design. The results of the study stated that the prevalence of anemia in adolescent girls ages 10-14 years in Indonesia was 25.4%. Variables that have a significant relationship with the incidence of anemia in this study are menstrual status (p value = 0.035) and consumption of animal foods (p value = 0.002). It needs educational programs and counseling on health for adolescent girls such as balanced nutrition and anemia, so they can aware for their health.
Keywords: Anemia, adolescent girls
