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Berdasarkan data profil kesehatan Kota Serang, pada tahun 2008 terdapat 14.046 kasus diare dengan jumlah penderita diare pada balita sebesar 6.770 kasus dan 100% berhasil ditangani. Sedangkan pada tahun 2009 terdapat 15.123 kasus diare, jumlah penderita diare pada balita sebesar 8.844 (58,48%) kasus dan dari semua kasus yang ada 100% berhasil ditangani. Tahun 2009, cakupan Jamban Keluarga sebesar 58,03%, Tempat Sampah 38,64%, dan SPAL 27,74%. Ketiga cakupan sanitasi dasar tersebut masih kurang dari target. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui manajemen penyakit diare berbasis wilayah pada balita di Kota Serang Tahun 2011. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Manajemen penyakit berbasis wilayah telah diterapkan di Kota Serang namun belum berjalan optimal. Peraturan daerah Kota Serang, menyatakan bahwa pembangunan kesehatan di wilayah Kota Serang harus terpadu tapi ternyata tidak ada keterpaduan sehingga hal ini menjadi pemicu terjadinya peningkatan kasus diare di Kota Serang. Daftar pustaka : 23 (2000-2011) Kata kunci : Manajemen, Diare, Faktor risiko, Manajemen kasus, Integrasi
On the database profile of Serang, in 2008 there were 14.046 cases of diarrhoea by the number of patients with diarrhoea in children under five years of 6770 and 100% of the cases treated successfully. While that in 2009 there were 15.123 cases of diarrhoea, the number of patients with diarrhea in infants by 8.844 (58,48%) cases and all cases were 100% treated with success. In 2009, the scope of family latrines of 58,03%, 38,64% of garbage and 27,74% SPAL. These three basic sanitation coverage remains below the target. The purpose of this study was to determine the area of managing for diarrhoeal diseases in children in the town of Serang year 2011. The results of this study is, the areas of management of the disease have been carried out in the town of Serang, but they do not run optimally. Regulation Serang area of the city, said that the development of health in the region should be integrated Serang, but there apparently is no integration, so it becomes a trigger for the increase in cases of diarrhea in the town of Serang. Infectious diseases including diarrhea, associated with aspects of the environment and human behavior. Therefore, efforts to control risk factors for disease must be integrated with other programs, as well as with cross-sector partnerships with the community and has forged an ongoing basis. Bibliography: 23 (2000-2011) Keywords: Management, diarrhea, risk factors, case management, integration
Kata kunci: Diare, balita
The highest incidence of diarrhea in Bogor occurred at Tanah Sarealdistrict where the condition of basic sanitation associated with high risk drinkingwater in Kelurahan Sukadamai and Kelurahan Mekarwangi which belong toPuskesmas Mekarwangi region. This study aims to analyze risks that affectedunderfive years children diarrhea in region of Puskesmas Mekarwangi, Bogor2014. This study used case control design with 120 controls and 120 cases. Theinformation collected by interviews, observation and laboratorium analyze ofdrinking water sample. Result that risk factors that affected diarrhea areEscherichia coli in drinking water (OR=2,61; 95% CI= 1,32-6,76), handwashingbehavior (OR=2,05; 95% CI= 1,18-3,57), hygiene sanitation of food and drink(OR=2,53; 95% CI= 1,46-4,39) and also knowledge of mother about diarrhea(OR=1,83; 95% CI= 1,01-3,31). It should be held an interventions direct orindirectly toward the residents, by printed media,e.g. poster, pamphlet, bulletin,xbanner etc.
Keyword: Diarrhea, underfive years children
Kata kunci : Diare pada balita, Faktor-faktor penyebab diare
Diarrhea is one cause of death in infants (31,4%) and children under the age of five years (25,2%). Approximately 162.000 children under the age of five death every year or 460 every day (Depkes) in Bogor incident rate of diarrhea increase every year from 2011-2013. in 2011 there are 21.687 case, in 2012 there are 22.625 case and in 2013 there are 24.187 case. this research have a purpose to determine risk factors associated with diarrhea incident in children under the age of five on working area Puskesmas north Bogor. this study use case control method with number of sample 46 people case and 46 control. Method of data collection by interview and observation. the results showed influence of risk factors with diarrhea incident. the risk factors have influence are Handwashing behaviour OR: 4,28(95% CI 1,587-11,575), Waste handling OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Source of clean water OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244-8,039), Availabilty of latrines OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Food hygiene and sanitation OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), and Knowledge of parents OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Diarrhea prevention efforts by improving enviroment sanitation and providing education programs to increase public knowledge.
Key Words : Diarrhea in children under the age of five, Risk factors cause diarrhea
KATA KUNCI : DIARE, FAKTOR RISIKO, KASUS KONTROL
THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN THE WORKING AREA OF PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN MAKASAR INCREASED FROM 2014 TO 2016. KEBON PALA VILLAGE BECAME THE BIGGEST CONTRIBUTOR OF ALL DIARRHEA CASES. THE NUMBER OF DIARRHEA SUFFERERS IN THE WORK AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER IN 2014 AMOUNTED TO 182 CASES AND THEN INCREASED IN 2015 BY 251 CASES AND DECREASED IN 2016 BY 238 CASES. THIS STUDY AIMS TO DETERMINE THE RISK FACTORS OF DIARRHEA OCCURRENCE IN INFANTS IN THE WORKING AREA OF KEBON PALA PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER. THE CASE STUDY DESIGN WAS CASE CONTROL. THE CASE WAS DIARRHEA SUFFERER RECORDED IN THE PUSKESMAS REGISTER FOR THE LAST 14 DAYS WHILE THE STUDY TOOK PLACE AND THE CONTROL WAS NEIGHBORING CASE. THE NUMBER OF SAMPLES OF EACH CONTROL AND CASE ARE 60 RESPONDENTS. DATA WAS COLLECTED BY DIRECT INTERVIEW AND OBSERVATION USING QUESTIONNAIRE. THE QUESTIONNAIRE CONTAINS QUESTIONS ON HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR WITH SOAP, EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, CLEAN WATER SOURCES, TOILET FACILITIES AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HANDWASHING WITH SOAP (P 0.005, OR 5,107), EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING (P VALUE 0.005, OR 4.030), TOILET FACILITIES (P VALUE 0.022, OR 2,993) AND GARBAGE DISPOSAL FACILITIES NIALI P 0,003; OR 3,406) WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIARRHEA IN INFANTS
KEY WORDS: DIARRHEA, RISK FACTORS, CASE CONTROL
Tuberculosis (TB) sampai hari ini masih menjadi masalah dunia terutama pada negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Sejak tahun 1993, WHO (World Health Organization) menyatakan bahwa TB sebagai Global Emergency (kedaruratan umum). Pada tahun 2000, PBB (Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa) merespon dengan mengeluarkan resolusi PBB tentang Deklarasi Millenium. Tahun 2005, Indonesia resmi mengadopsi MDG?s (Millenium Development Goal?s) sebagai arah pembangunan nasional dan menetapkan TB sebagai prioritas penanggulangan penyakit infeksi dan penyakit menular. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan model manajemen penyakit TB paru berbasis wilayah Kota Bekasi tahun 2012. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan hasil penderita TB BTA (+) laki-laki 62%, Wanita 38%, kelompok umur penderita terbanyak (25-34 tahun) 28%, kelompok umur anak (0-14 tahun) 12%, kelompok pelajar (5-24 tahun) 30%, kelompok umur produktif (25-55 tahun) 85,33%, kelompok lansia (>55 tahun) 9,34%, status imunisasi BCG 6% dan status tidak imunisasi BCG 94%. Kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah penderita TB paru BTA (+) tidak memenuhi syarat sehat, meliputi suhu 72,33%, kelembaban 82,67%, pencahayaan 82%, ventilasi 69,33% dan lantai rumah 38%. Sangat perlu dilakukan tindakan penanggulangan untuk memutuskan rantai penularan TB secara integrated dengan melibatkan lintas sektor dan lintar program untuk perbaikan fisik rumah penderita seperti Dinas Tata Kota, PNPM, Kecamatan dan Kelurahan, serta ibu-ibu PKK untuk penggiatan posyandu.dan menambah faktor risiko lingkungan fisik rumah penderita pada formulir TB.01.
Tuberculosis (TB) shall today still become the world problem especially at developing countries including Indonesia. Since year of 1993, WHO ( World Health Organization) please express that TB as Global Emergency. In the year 2000, United Nations response by the resolution PBB concerning Deklarasi Millenium. Year of 2005, Indonesia begin to adopt MDG's ( Millenium Development Goal's) as national development direction and specify TB as priority prevention disease of contagion and infection. Purpose of research is to get the disease management model TB paru base on the region Kota Bekasi year of 2012. This research is research descriptif with patient result TB BTA (+) men of 62%, Woman of 38%, of old age group of patient many ( 25-34 year) 28%, of old age group [of] child ( 0-14 year) 12%, student group ( 5-24 year) 30%, productive of old age group ( 25-55 year) 85,33%, group lansia (> 55 year) 9,34%, status immunize BCG 6% and status don't immunize BCG 94%. Environmental condition of patient house physical TB paru BTA (+) healthy ineligibility, cover the temperature of 72,33%, dampness of 82,67%, illumination of 82%, ventilation of 69,33% and house floor of 38%. Is very needed to conduct action preventife to decide to enchain the infection TB integratedly by entangling to pass by quickly the sector and pass by quickly program for the repair of patient house physical be like Dinas Tata Kota, PNPM, Kecamatan and Kelurahan, and also mothers PKK for animation posyandu.
Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease remains a public health problem in the world including Indonesia.WHO estimating the average case for smear-positive sputum specimens obtained 115 per 100,000 in 2003. Number of new cases of smear-positive pulmonary TB 194 780 people in 2011, to the district of Bogor in 2010 and as many as 3,869 people Cisarua District 18.
Kata kunci: tuberkulosis, perilaku, lingkungan rumah, kontak serumah
Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria exhaled by patients when coughing, sneezing, even speaking. Duration and frequency of exposure is important factor of TB transmission, especially in closed room. Therefore, household contact of TB patient is susceptible. This research aimed to find out the influence of behavior and house environment condition to tuberculosis symptoms existence at household contact of TB patient. This cross-sectional research collected data by interviewed 73 TB patients and their household contact. Then, observation the house environment conditions. Results showed that TB symptoms at household contact was affected by patient behavior to covered mouth when coughing/sneezing, disposed sputum carelessly and household contact behavior who slept in the same room with the patient. While, house condition that affect was not-eligible lighting and ventilation, then high population density. In conclusion, behavior and house environment condition was influenced the existence of TB symptoms at household contact. To avoid tuberculosis transmission, patients is suggested to wear mask and their household contacts should not sleep with them in the same room. Lighting and ventilation also have to comply healthy house requirement to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms in the house.
Keywords: tuberculosis, behavior, house environment, household contact
