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Penyakit diare masih merupakan masalah kesehatan utama karena angka mortalitas dan morbiditas masih tinggi dan sering menimbulkan KLB. Angka kesakitan diare di Kecamatan Sepatan dan Paku Haji berfluktuasi dan terjadi KLB tahun 2005, 2007 dan 2009. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor risiko kesehatan lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare di Kecamatan Sepatan dan Paku Haji. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Sepatan dan Paku Haji dengan metode kasus kontrol. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, pengamatan, dan pengambilan sampel. Kasus dan kontrol diperoleh dari pasien yang datang berobat ke puskesmas yang ada di wilayah tersebut dan dilakukan matching terhadap variabel umur. variabel yang diamati adalah kualitas air bersih, tingkat risiko pencemaran sumber air bersih, sarana pembuangan kotoran, sarana SPAL, dan sarana pembuangan sampah. Untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kesehatan lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare digunakan conditional logistic regression. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare di Kecamatan tersebut adalah adalah tingkat risiko pencemaran sumber air bersih dengan OR 10,64 setelah dikontrol dengan variabel sarana pembuangan kotoran dan perilaku cuci tangan. Untuk mencegah diare diperlukan upaya perbaikan sarana air bersih melalui perbaikan sarana sumber air bersih untuk mengurangi risiko pencemaran, penyediaan sumber air bersih melalui PDAM dan peningkatan program pencegahan diare di puskesmas. Kata kunci : kasus kontrol, matching, diare, faktor risiko kesehatan lingkungan
Diarrhoeal diseases remain a major public health problem, because the mortality and morbidity remain high, and often cause outbreaks. Diarrhoea morbidity in Sepatan and Paku Haji fluctuate and the outbreak in 2005, 2007 and 2009. This study aims to know environmental health risk factors associated with the incidence of diarrhoea in Sepatan and Paku Haji. The study was conducted in District Sepatan and Paku Haji with case-control methods. Collecting data through interviews, observation, and sampling. Cases and controls obtained from patients who came for treatment to community health centre in the area and do the matching on age variables. observed variable is the quality of clean water, the risk level of contamination of sources of clean water, excreta disposal, wastewater facilities, and waste disposal facilities. To determine the environmental health risk factors associated with diarrhea using conditional logistic regression. Risk factors related to the incidence of diarrhoea in the risk level of contamination of water sources or 10.64 after an adjustable amount of waste water and handwashing behaviour. To prevent diarrhea necessary efforts to improve water supply by improving the means of clean water sources, to reduce the risk of contamination, clean water through the PDAM and the expansion of programmes for the prevention of diarrhoea in community health centres. Key words: case-control, matching, diarrhea, environmental health risk factors.
Dental hygiene is a health problem that can affect the overall quality of life. Dental health is often considered to be a minor problem when a local impact on the tooth itself and other systemic organs. Based on data Riskesdas 2007 can be seen that the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia at the age of 12 years was 43.4% and Lebak regency highest prevalence of dental caries 43.6%. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the incidence of dental caries in primary school students grades 4 -5 In District Curugbitung Lebak district of Banten which factors of gender, class, parental education, parental employment, and factors of dental health knowledge and behavior of health care teeth. This study is a descriptive study using cross-sectional design.
Metodologi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian DBD pada saat KLB di Kabupaten Tangerang, menggunakan desain kasus kontrol dengan analisis multivariat uji logistic regresion. Jumlah sampel 201 terdiri dari 67 kasus dan 134 kontrol. Kasus adalah penderita DBD pada saat KLB dengan konfirmasi medis yang berusia 5-44 tahun, kontrol adalah tetangga kasus yang berada pada radius 100 dari rumah kasus. Data diambil langsung kerumah kasus dan kontrol yang dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai dengan Mei 2016
Hasil penelitian, Kejadian DBD dipengaruhi oleh faktor umur OR: 22,87 (95% CI: 6,67- 78,51), jenis kelamin 3,62 (95% CI : 1,71-7,67), kebiasaan tidur siang OR: 2,47 (95% CI: 1,20-5,12), kontak dengan penderita OR: 2.22 (95% CI: 1,05-4,68) dan lingkungan rumah yang terdapat kebun/semak OR: 2,02 (95% CI: 0,99-4,14). Umur merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kejadian DBD. Disarankan. Masyarakat disarankan lebih waspada terhadap penyakit DBD dan kepada pemerintah agar meningkatkan promosi kesehatan tentang penyakit DBD sehingga masyarakat dapat berperanan dan berpartisipasi aktif dalam upaya pengendalian penyakit DBD.
Kata kunci : DBD, karakteritik responden, faktor perilaku, faktor lingkungan rumah dan program pengendalian DBD
Background: Impact of climate change to high spread of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and also increasing number of DHF outbreak in some district or city in Indonesia. Outbreak of dengue fever occurred in Tangerang regency in January 2016.
Methods. The aim of this study was to determine influence factors of DHF outbreak incidence. This study was conducted in Tangerang Regency. A case-control study design with logistic regresion test of multivariate analysis. The total sample was 201, 67 cases of DHF and 134 controls. Cases were 5-44 years old DHF patients during an outbreak with medical confirmation. The control was a neighbor of cases who live in the radius of 100 meter. The study was conducted from February to May 2016 using the primary data.
Results, Incidence of dengue was influenced by age OR: 22.87 (95% CI: 6.67 to 78.51), the sex OR 3.62 (95% CI: 1.71 to 7.67), the habit of napping OR: 2.47 (95% CI: 1.20 to 5.12), contact with patients DHF OR: 2:22 (95% CI: 1.05 to 4.68) and a home environment there are gardens/shrubs OR: 2.02 ( 95% CI: 0.99 to 4.14) and DHF incidence. Age is the dominant factor affecting the incidence of DHF. Suggestion. Increasing the awareness of DHF in the community. The government increased health promotion on DHF so that people can contribute and participate actively to control DHF.
Keywords : DHF, characteristics of respondents, behavior factor, household environment factor, dengue fever control program.
International Diabetes Federation in 2013 states that Indonesia including 10diabetics in the world and is expected to increase rapidly. 55% of people withdiabetes do not know that they are affected by diabetes mellitus.Prevalensi largestprovince were based in Jakarta with 2.6%. Pasar Rebo Public Health Centerlocated in Jakarta, is a province of Indonesia highest diabetes prevalence byprovince. This thesis aims to determine the risk factors associated with theincidence of diabetes mellitus in Pasar Rebo Public Health Center in 2014. Studydesign used was a quantitative study with case-control methods. The number ofsamples in this study were 80 people with 40 cases and 40 controls. Independentvariables in this study are the factors of age, education, occupation, bloodpressure, nutritional status, smoking habits, family history of diabetes, the patternof consumption of fruits and vegetables, foods high in sugar consumptionpatterns, and physical activity. The dependent variable is diabetes mellitus. Datawere collected in March 2014, using primary data. Significant risk factors wereage (OR = 3.4 p = 0.04), employment (OR = 3.5 p = 0.01), and nutritional status(OR = 5.12 p = 0.004).Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, risk factors, case control
