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ABSTRAK Prevalensi IMS tinggi pada WPSL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsistensi penggunaan kondom pada satu bulan terakhir dengan kejadian Infeksi Menular seksual pada wanita penjaja seks langsung (WPSL). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Sumber data hasil Survey Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku Tahun 2011. Populasi adalah wanita penjaja seks langsung (WPSL) di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Jumlah sampel adalah 500 responden. Hasil penelitian prevalensi IMS pada WPSL 21%, sebagian besar WPSL tidak konsisten menggunakan kondom 76 %. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan tidak bermakna antara konsistensi penggunaan kondom dengan kejadian IMS OR 1.14 (95%CI 0.66;2.3). Peningkatan konsistensi penggunaan kondom dan peningkatan peluang menggunakan kondom.
ABSTRACT STDs prevalence is high in the WPSL. This study aims to determine the relationship the consistency of condom use in the last month with the incidence of sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers directly (WPSL). This study uses crosssectional study design. Data is collected secondary data results of Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey in 2011. Population is female direct sex workers (WPSL) in West Java province. Number of sample is 500 respondents. The study found that the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers directly (WPSL) by 21% most of the WPSL is inconsistent use of condoms 76%. The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the consistency of condom use with the incidence of STI OR 1:14 (95% CI 0.66; 2.3). Increase particularly the consistent use of condoms and increased opportunities to use condoms.
Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Survei Terpadu Perilaku dan Biologis (STBP) 2015. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah WPSTL di 11 kabupaten/kota Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi klamidia sebesar 31,9%. Proporsi WPSTL yang tidak konsisten menggunakan kondom sebesar 23,2%. Hasil analisis multivariat diketahui bahwa WPSTL yang tidak konsisten menggunakan kondom berisiko 1,2 kali (PR=1,2 ; (%%CI=0,933-1,522), hasil ini secara statistik tidak bermakna. Cara pencegahan infeksi klamidia pada WPSTL antara lain dengan penggunaan kondom secara konsisten dan benar terutama pada WPSTL berusia <25 tahun dan menderita IMS lain.
HIV is still a global health problem. FSW customers are one of the key populations spreading HIV. Consistent condom use is an effective way of preventing HIV and STI in this group. The consistency rate of condom use in this group is still low, namely: 35.82% in category 1 consistency (always or often using condoms), and 21.10% in category 2 consistency (always using condoms). The consistency of condom use is influenced by several factors, one of which is the perception of risk of contracting HIV. In the group of known customers who have a perception of feeling at risk of contracting HIV is 45.37%. This study is a quantitative cross-sectional design study to determine the relationship between perception of risk of contracting HIV with consistency of condom use in FSW customers using IBBS data 2018-2019, carried out in 24 regencies/cities in 16 provinces in Indonesia from 2018 to 2019 with a total sample of 4743 people. The results showed: in the consistency of category 1 condom use, there was a significant relationship between the perception of risk of contracting HIV and the consistency of condom use where FSW customers who had a perception of feeling at risk of contracting HIV had a 1.60 times higher tendency to consistently use condoms during sex than those who had a perception of feeling no risk after being controlled by the age variable of first intercourse sex and knowledge of condom effectiveness (PR=1.60, 95% CI=1.28-1.99). Meanwhile, in the consistency of category 2 condom use, there was a significant relationship between the perception of risk of contracting HIV and the consistency of condom use where FSW customers who had a perception of feeling at risk of contracting HIV had a 1.46 times higher tendency to consistently use condoms during sex than those who had a perception of feeling no risk after being controlled by age variables for the first time having sex and knowledge of condom effectiveness (PR=1.46, 95% CI=1.10-1.94). The implementation of mandatory condom localization bylaws with strict sanctions accompanied by synergistic cooperation between cross-sectors, updating the periodic mapping of unreached localizations accompanied by counseling on HIV/AIDS and condom effectiveness, dissemination of information to form risk perceptions and consistent behavior using condoms, the implementation of condom provision management in localization needs to be considered to reduce the incidence of HIV especially in FSW customer groups.
Kejadian infeksi HIV semakin meluas secara globaL Di Indonesia, tren kasus HIV meningkat pada penularan meialui hubungan seks (Ditjen P2PI_., 2007). Pencegahan untuk hal tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan kondom secara benar dan konsisten. Namun berdasarkan Survei Surveilans Perilaku (SSP) HIV/AIDS tahun 2003, temyata penggunaan kondom pada populasi ri§iko tinggi seperti wanita penjaja seks masih rendah. Di wilayah Jakarta, Bekasi, dan Ambon, penggmmaan kondom pada WPS bahkan lcurang dari 5%. Untuk mengubah perilaku ini, perlu diketahqi faktor-faktor yang merupakan determinan penggunaan kondom pada WPS. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk xnengetahui dctcrminan pcnggunaan kondom pada WPS di Kota Ambon tahun 2005. Penelitian ini mengglmakan data SSP HIV/AIDS tahun 2005, dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Jumlah WPS yang diwawancarai dan datanya dapat dianalisis sebanyak 333 orang. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti dalam hubungannya dengan penggunaan kondom antara lain urnur, peudidikan, larna bekerja, jumlah pfilarlggarl, ketersediaan kondom, riwayat IMS, riwayat konsumsi alkohol/narkoba, dan keterpaqanan informasi tentang HIV/AIDS. Semua variabel ini dianalisis secara multivariat menggunakan analisis Cax Proportional Hazard Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa detenninan penggmmaan kondom pada WPS di kota Ambon adalah lama bekenja [PR=2.l7 (CI95%=I,25-3,'76)}, ketersediaan kondom [PR=4,ll (CI95%=1,66-l0.l9)], riwayat IMS [PR=0,45 (CI95%=0,22-0,92)], dan keterpajanan informasi tentang HIV/AIDS [PR=3,38 (CI95%=1 ,64-7,01 )]. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut., maka saran yang dapat diberil-can adalah menetapkan perda yang mewajibkan ketersediaan kondom di tempat kerja WPS, mengembangkan metode diskusi serta pcmbcrian brosur dalam memberikan informasi tentang HIV/AIDS, meningkatkan pemberian informasi dan edukasi yang intensif kepada WPS yang positif terkena IMS, serta mengembangkan kemampuan WPS dalam bemegosiasi penggunaan kondom dengan pelanggannya.
HIV infections are considered spread worldwide. In Indonesia, trend of HIV cases increase at sexual transmitting (Ditjen P2PL, 2007). Prevention of the infection is the proper and consistent condom use. However, Behavioral Surveillance Survey of HIV/AIDS 2003 indicated that condom use among high-risk population, such as Female Sex Workers, was still low. Condom use among FSW in Jakarta, Bekasi, and Ambon was the lowest, less than tive percent. In order to modify this behavior, it requires factors that are considered as determinants of condom use among FSW. The objective of the study is to identify detenninants of condom use among FSW in Ambon City 2005. This study use data horn HIV/AIDS Behavioral Surveillance Survey in 2005, with study design cross-sectional. Three hundred and thirty three FSWS are interviewed and their data can be analyzed. Factors that are studied, related to condom use, are age, education, time of work, number of clients, condom availability, history of Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI), history of alcohol and drug use, and exposure to infonnation about HIV/AIDS. All of these variables are multivariate analyzed using Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Analysis. Result of this study shows that determinants of condom use among FSW in Ambon City are time of work [PR=2.l7 (Cl95%=l,25-3,76)], condom availability [PR=4,ll (CI95%=l,66-l0.l9)], history of STI (PR=0,45 (CI95%=0,22-0,92)], and exposure to information about HIV/AIDS {PR=3,38 (CI95%=1,64-7,0l)]. Based on the results, suggestions given iiom this study are to establish regulation of condom availability at FSW’s workplace, develop promotion of HIV/AIDS prevention by discussion and brochure distribution, increase information and education intensively to FSW with STI, and develop FSW’s ability of condom negotiation with client.
ABSTRAK Campak atau kerumut dalam bahasa Banjar adalah salah satu penyakit infeksi yang dapat di cegah dengan imunisasi dan masih masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Penyakit ini secara umum menyerang anak usia dibawah lima tahun (balita) yang di sebabkan oleh virus morbili. Di Kota Banjarmasin meskipun keberhasilan cakupan imunisasi campak telah mencapai lebih dari 90%, dan kelurahan yang telah mencapai UCI sebanyak 51 kelurahan, namun demikian berdasarkan laporan surveilans dinas kesehatan kota Banjarmasin selama 2011 dilaporkan telah terjadi kejadian luar biasa kasus campak sebanyak 5 kali, dengan 147 kasus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian campak pada anak usia 0?59 bulan di Kota Banjarmasin Tahun 2011. Untuk itu digunakan pendekatan desain kasus kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor utama yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian campak pada anak usia (0?59 bln) adalah pendidikan Ibu (OR= 13,88), pendidikan bapak (OR =6,33), status imunisasi campak (OR= 4,64), umur anak (OR=2,46), sedangkan faktor yang bersifat protektif adalah vitamin A (OR=0,34), dan penghasilan keluarga (OR=0,18). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa anak yang di imunisasi campak mempunyai orang tua yang berpendidikan baik, berpenghasilan cukup dan mendapat vitamin A dua kali dalam setahun dapat mengurangi angka kejadian campak. Dari hasil penelitian ini disarankan untuk memperbaiki kebenaran cakupan imunisasi, memberikan pelatihan safe injection dan cold chain bagi petugas pelaksana di puskesmas, penyuluhan kesehatan dengan bahasa daerah, pemberian vitamin A dan memberikan prioritas peningkatan program pada daerah dengan tingkat pendidikan Ibu dan Bapak yang rendah, serta berpenghasilan kurang sebagai sasaran di Kota Banjarmasin untuk menurunkan angka kejadian campak pada anak (0-59 bulan).
ABSTRACT Measles or kerumut in Banjar is one of the infectious diseases that can be prevented by immunization and health in Indonesia is still a problem. This disease generally attacks children under five years of age (infants) which is caused by a virus morbili. In the city of Banjarmasin despite the success of measles immunization coverage has reached more than 90%, and the village which has reached as many as 51 villages UCI, however, based on surveillance reports Banjarmasin city health department is reported to have occurred during the 2011 outbreak of measles cases as much as 5 times, with 147 case. The study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of measles in children aged 0-59 months in the city of Banjarmasin in 2011. For that use case-control design approach. The results showed that the main factors that influence the incidence of measles in children aged (0-59 months) is the mother of education (OR = 13.88), the father of education (OR = 6.33), measles immunization status (OR = 4.64 ), age of child (OR = 2.46), whereas protective factors are vitamin A (OR = 0.34), and family income (OR = 0.18). This study concluded that children who have measles immunization in the elderly are well educated, and have income sufficient vitamin A twice a year can reduce the incidence of measles. From these results it is advisable to fix the truth of immunization coverage, providing safe injection training and cold chain for executive officers at the health center, health education in local languages, provision of vitamin A and gives priority to improve the program in areas with high levels of education are low mother and father, as well as earn less as a target in the city of Banjarmasin to reduce the incidence of measles in children (0-59 months).
