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Kata kunci: Implementasi, kesehatan tradisional, puskesmas
Increasing public health status can be manifested through conventional and traditional medicines.Traditional medicines carry a health paradigm that focuses on the healthy, complementary side ofconventional medicine and preventive promotive efforts. Puskesmas is a health service facility thatprioritizes promotive and preventive to improve community health status. Puskesmas can be saidimplementing traditional health if they meet one of the criteria: have traditional medicine-trained staff,carry out coaching, and perform self-care traditional medicine. West Java Province has a smaller numberof health centers providing traditional health compared to other provinces in Java. Kabupaten Bogor(District of Bogor) as the most densely populated in the West Java Province has its midwives and nursesAnalisis implementasi..., Evita Diniawati, FKM UI, 2018ixUniversitas Indonesiacertified in acupressure in these Puskesmas: Ciawi, Caringin, and Ciomas. This study aims to discoverinformation of how traditional health program being implemented in Puskesmas Ciawi, PuskesmasCaringin, and Puskesmas Ciomas. This qualitative study uses following methods: document review,observation, and in-depth interview. The study reveals there were no acupressure services in those threepuskesmas because the health workers were kept occupied by other workload, traditional health guidancecould be improved through an inventory of traditional health data, identification of traditional healthservices in their working areas, and guidance to traditional health professionals. The three puskesmas didnot implement self-care traditional medicine because they do not have trained independent care staff butcan be implemented by community empowerment with TOGA and acupressure socialization for minorcomplaints.
Key words: implementation, integration, traditiona l medicine, primary health care
Permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat terkait pelaksanaan kegiatan deteksi tumbuh kembang anak di Kabupaten Nunukan adalah rendahnya jumlah anak yang dideteksi tumbuh kembang. Jumlah anak yang dideteksi tumbuh kembang pada tahun 2007 sebesar 23,5% (target pada standart pelayanan minimal = 90%). Rendahnya cakupan anak yang di deteksi menyebabkan beberapa anak yang tidak datang lepas dari pengamatan, sehingga perubahan tumbuh kembang tidak bisa terdeteksi secara berkala. Kejadian tersebut menyebabkan kejadian gangguan tumbuh kembang tidak bisa diketahui secara cepat dan akurat. Akibatnya anak terlambat untuk dirujuk ke tempat pelayanan kesehatan lanjutan karena kejadiannya lambat diketahui. Sistem informasi pemantauan gangguan tumbuh kembang anak yang sedang berjalan belum bisa menjawab kebutuhan manajemen program, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan agar tersusun model sistem pemantauan yang efektif dan efisien dengan prototipe program dan basis data sehingga dapat mendukung manajemen program. Prototipe diharapkan dapat menghasilkan laporan tepat waktu, cakupan indikator tumbuh kembang anak yang lebih valid, daftar kasus yang terinci, jumlah anak yang melakukan deteksi secara rutin, daftar anak yang harus dideteksi dan informasi keberadaan tenaga terlatih di posyandu, TK dan puskesmas. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi pengembangan sistem dengan metode incremental yaitu menggabungkan elemen-elemen dalam model berurutan linear dengan filosofi iteratif dari metode prototipe. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pemantauan gangguan tumbuh kembang anak di Kabupaten Nunukan belum berjalan sesuai pedoman. Tenaga pelaksana belum melibatkan kader dan guru TK, keluaran sistem belum menghasilkan informasi kasus baru atau lama, jumlah anak yang dideteksi secara rutin dan persen puskesmas, posyandu dan TK dengan tenaga terlatih. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1)Rendahnya cakupan deteksi disebabkan karena belum ada keterlibatan masyarakat dan lintas sektor terkait dalam kegiatan ini. 2) Sistem informasi yang dikembangkan menggunakan visual programming dengan database dari SQL, agar dapat ditanam di website. 3)Sistem baru dapat menghasilkan indikator input, proses dan output yang lebih valid dan lebih cepat. 4) Menghasilkan daftar sasaran yang harus dideteksi tumbuh kembang secara rinci sehingga permasalahan pemantauan gangguan tumbuh kembang anak di Kabupaten Nunukan dapat terselesaikan.
It has already known that the problems of publich health about development and growth monitoring abnormally children program in Nunukan Regency on 2007th is the descent number of the children who detected development and growth. The number of the children who detected development and growth on 2007th is 23,5% (minimum standart = 90%). The descent of the children who detected coverage to make some children who don?t come to detection and stimulation place out of evaluation, so that development and growth change can?t detection regularly. It has to make the children development and growth abnormal can not known on time and accurately. The impact it, the children late revered to the publich health serveice, because it has to late to known. The information system development to monitor development and growth abnormally children in Nunukan Regency can not given yet manajemen program demand., so that this research goal is to create effective and efficient monitoring system with prototype and basis data so that be able to support manajemen program. Prototype be hoped can to produce routine and incidental report, development and growth indicator program more valid, listing case detail, number of the children who detected routinely, the children listing who have to detected and man power. This research design to develop system with incremental and iterative model to add elemens in the linear structure. Result of this research known that monitor abnormal development and growth children in Nunukan Regency haven?t been doing like the guidens program yet. Kader posyandu and kindergarden teacher not joint this program yet, output system not result 1) old and new case information 2) number of children to detected routinely and 3) persen posyandu, kindergarden and puskesmas with man power have trained. This research conclussion to show that 1) Descent of children detected coverage, because kader and another departemet not joined this program yet 2) The information system development with visual programming and SQL database in order to upload website. 3) New system able to produce indicator input, proses and output more valid and fastly. 4) Produce children listing who have to detected development and growth detail so that the problem of abnormal development and growth children in Nunukan Regency can to solved.
Cervical cancer ranks second highest at 9.2 per 100,000 population, with an average death rate of 9.0 per 100,000 population. Cilegon has not reached the designated target for IVA screenings, with percentages from 2019 to 2022 reaching 0.99%, 1.78%, 2.05%, and 2.35%, thus not achieving the national target of 80% and the health SPM target of 100%, with a target population of 71,139 individuals. The research objective is to analyze the achievement of early detection of cervical cancer at the Cilegon City Health Center from 2019 to 2022. The research design is qualitative with a case study design, conducted in April - May 2023. The research findings indicate that the program's achievement in detecting cervical cancer in Cilegon City from 2019 to 2022 has not reached the SPM target. In terms of structural components, human resources, standard operating procedures, funding, and infrastructure are already available, but there is still a slight obstacle due to the imbalance between the number of human resources and the target. In terms of process components, each health center has implemented planning, implementation, recording, reporting, and monitoring and evaluation processes according to procedures. Efforts have been made to facilitate access, actively promote awareness, employ innovative approaches, and foster cross-program cooperation, but cross-sector collaboration has not significantly improved the early detection of cervical cancer at the Cilegon City Health Center. This is due to discrepancies in perceptions of target calculation, suboptimal promotion and advocacy activities, inappropriate communication approaches, ineffective media usage, underutilization of potential resources in Cilegon as an industrial city, and a population that is either afraid of or unaware of IVA screenings.
Hasil analisis kuantitaf dari faktor predisposisi (predisposing factors)menunjukkan bahwa umur (p=0.38), pendidikan (p=0.301), pengetahuan (p=0.201),pekerjaan (p=0.68), kondisi ekonomi (p=0.592), sikap (p=0.452) dan faktor sosialbudaya tidak mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan pemanfaatan RTK diManggarai Barat. Faktor ketersediaan sarana dan tenaga kesehatan mempunyaihubungan bermakna (p=0.038) serta ketersediaan sarana transportasi juga bermakna(P=0.04). Faktor ketersediaan kendaraaan dijelaskan oleh faktor jarak dan faktorgeografis. Faktor-faktor penguat (reinforcing factors) seperti keluarga (p=0.201), masyarakat (p=1), tenaga kesehatan (p=0.26) dan pemerintah (p=0.345) tidak bermakna terhadap pemanfaatan RTK di Manggarai Barat tahun 2016.
Bad goegraphic condition and bad access to health facility still remain to bethe big problem in effectivity of maternity care in NTT Province, Indonesia. The badaccess to the facility causes the problems of 3 Lates (Tiga Terlambat) and still highof MMR and IMR. One of the wayouts of the problems is the revoluiton of Motherdan Infant Health care in NTT since 2009 with providing maternity waiting houses(MWH) near facility of health care.The aim of the study is to determine the effectivity of using maternity waitinghouses in district of Manggarai Barat, Province of NTT, in 2016. The use of MWHlink to the factors of: predisposing factors, enabling factors and reinforcing factors.This research uses Mixed Method Research with explanatory design. Totalsurvey samples are 100 respondents using multistage random sampling method andtotal indepth interview samples are 29 respondents. The analisys of data using thesoft ware program of Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) and Nvivo 11Plus.The result of the survey is 19% pregnant women used MWH in ManggaraiBarat in 2016. Indepth Interview shows the fact that the use of MWH have a positiveimpact for many pregnant women from the villages with bad geographic conditionsand the pregnant women with high risk maternity. The quantitative analysis showingthe result that the predisposing factors: age (p=0.38), education (p=0.301),knowledge (p=0.201), work (p=0.68), socio-economic condition (p=0.592), attitude(p=0.452) and socio-cultural factors had no significant relation with the use of MWHin Manggarai Barat in 2016. The factors of heath facility and healt care provider(p=0.038) and the presence of transportation facility (car or vehicles) (p=0.04) havesignificat relation with the use of MWH. The reinforcing factors: family (p=0.201),public figures (p=1), health care provider (p=0.26) and government (p=0.345) had nosignificant relationship with the use of MWH in Manggarai Barat, 2016.
Minimum Service Standards MSS are provisions concerning the quality and type ofbasic services that are mandatory government affairs that are eligible for citizens to beeligible. Based on the profile of the District Health Office of Tanah Bumbu Regency in2017, the achievement of MSS in pregnant women 39 s health service is 72.3 , maternalhealth service 73,8 and newborn health service 64,82 is still under 100 target.This study aims to analyze the determinants of the implementation of Minimum ServiceStandards of Maternal and Child Health MCH Services and the obstacles and effortsare undertaken. This research is a qualitative research with Rapid Assessment Procedure RAP descriptions through primary data collection and secondary data. The result ofthe research shows that the implementation of MSS in the field of health service ofMCH in Tanah Bumbu Regency based on 4 factors affecting the implementation ofcommunication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure has not run optimally.The determinant factors affecting the implementation of MSS in Health Service ofMCH Service in Tanah Bumbu Regency is in human resource aspect but influenced byother aspect. Input for Local Government to make regional policy related MSS FieldHealth Service MCH for implementation can be run maximally and thorough.
