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Formulasi Kebijakan merupakan tahapan penting yang mempengaruhi Implementasi Kebijakan. Dalam proses Formulasi ditetapkan tujuan, strategi pencapaian, pertimbangan sumberdaya dan antisipasi konsekuensi dan resiko kebijakan yang ditetapkan. Penelitian ini membahas proses formulasi kebijakan Registrasi Tenaga Kesehatan di luar dokter, dokter gigi dan tenaga kefarmasian dengan melihat konteks, konten dan aktor kebijakan dimana kebijakan akan diimplementasikan. Metoda penelitian adalah kualitatif. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses formulasi kebijakan Registrasi Tenaga pertimbangan sumberdaya manusia, sarana dan prasarana serta metoda pelaksanaan uji kompetensi belum optimal sehingga pelaksanaan kebijakan terhambat. Kata kunci : Formulasi dan Kebijakan Registrasi, Tenaga Kesehatan di luar dokter, dokter gigi
Policy Formulation is the important phase that influences the policy implementation. Policy Formulation process defined objective, strategies,achievements, resources consideration and anticipation of consequences and risk of policy . This research looks at the process of policy formulation by and for government with looking at the context, content and actors in which a policy is implemented. The method of this research is qualitative approach. Result of this research showed that there is insufficientcy of human resources, infrastructure and method considerations which will lead to constrain in the implementation. Keywords: Formulation Process, Registration Policy, health Care Workforce beside Physician, dentist, Pharmacy Personnel.
Abstrak
Dalam Undang Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 pasal 29 menyatakan bahwa setiap dokter dan dokter gigi yang melakukan praktik kedokteran di Indonesia wajib memiliki STR sesuai sertifikat kompetensi yang dimiliki. STR berlaku lima (5) tahun. Jika sampai masa berlaku STR habis dokter atau dokter gigi tidak melakukan registrasi ulang, akan kehilangan kewenangan untuk melakukan praktik kedokteran. Sanksi bagi yang menjalankan praktik dengan sengaja tanpa STR dan surat ijin adalah denda maksimal Rp 100 juta ( pasal 75). Hasil pencapaian registrasi ulang belum 100%.
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk melakukan analisis terhadap kebijakan dan analisis untuk menyusun rekomendasi (analysis of policy dan analysis for policy) registrasi ulang dokter dan dokter gigi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan untuk analisis data digunakan model content analisis diolah dengan pendekatan model Patton Savicky dengan kriteria boulton disajikan berdasarkan analysis of policy dan analisis for policy sebagai rekomendasi.
Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dokter dan dokter gigi kurang bersedia melakukan registrasi ulang karena : alur sertifikasi kompetensi untuk persyaratan registrasi ulang terlalu panjang, pemenuhan persyaratan terlalu sulit, pengisian borang borang terlalu banyak, pengumpulan SKP untuk memperoleh sertifikat kompetensi bagi registrasi ulang kurang menilai kompetensi (skill) lebih untuk menilai administrasi, pendidikan dan pelatihan yang diselenggarakan oleh organisasi profesi membutuhkan biaya dan hanya untuk peningkatan pengetahuan (knowledge) bukan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan (skill), proses penerbitan sertifikat kompetensi dan STR ulang menjadi terlalu lama.Kesimpulannya, implementasi kebijakan registrasi ulang dokter dan dokter gigi kurang efektif pelaksanaannya karena dipengaruhi oleh peraturan itu sendiri, upaya dokter atau dokter gigi, institusi yang melaksanakan kebijakan serta kondisi lingkungan.
Peneliti menyarankan agar mengembangkan sistem registrasi, meningkatkan komitmen, meningkatkan otoritas KKI, meningkatkan resources, meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesepakatan terhadap tujuan dan stakeholder agar meningkatkan pembinaan dan pengawasan.
According to the Law Number 29 in 2004 article 29 States that every doctors and dentists who conduct medical practices in Indonesia must have a certificate of competence in accordance STR owned .STR is expired after five (5) years. If until the expiration date of STR, doctor and dentist do not apply for the re-registration, so doctors or dentists will loss their authority to conduct medical practices. The consequence for doctors and dentists who running practice without STR and licence intentionally is a fine of up to Rp 100 million (article 75). The achievements of re-registration have not been 100% yet.
This study aimed to analysis the policy and analysis to make recomendations for reregistration policy of doctors and dentists in Indonesia. This study used qualitative approach and for data analysis using the content analysis model, prepared by "Patton Savicky model approach with Boulton criteria based on the analysis of policy and analysis for policy as a recommendation.
The study has found that doctors and dentists are less willingness to be registered as the competencies certification flow for the reregistration are too long, too difficult STR making requirements, too many forms must be fulfilled, the SKP activity colllecting to have competence certificate for the reregistration is not to assess the competencies (skills) but to assess the administration, education and training organized by professional organizations to expensive and only for knowledge increase, not for the skills the,and the waiting time for STR publishing is too long. To sum up, the implementation of the re-registration policies of doctors and dentists have not performed well because it was influenced by the re-registration policy and efforts of the doctors and dentists and institutions in implementing the policy and environmental circumstance.
Researchers suggests to develop a registration system, to increase the commitment, to improve KKI authority, increase resources, to increase the understanding and agreement on goals and stakeholders in order to improve the guidance and supervision
The ratio of the need for doctors in Indonesia is still below the WHO standard. In accordance with the mandate of the Law, the Ministry of Health is committed to meeting the needs of specialist doctors in all regions of Indonesia through a policy of assistance with the cost of education for specialist dentists. This study aims to analyze the implementation of policies that have been implemented, namely the policy of educational assistance for specialist dentists. This research is a qualitative research with a Rapid Assessment Procedure research design. This study combines the policy implementation model of Edward III and Van Meter Van Horn by using 6 variables, namely policy size and objectives, communication, resources, dispositions, characteristics of implementing organizations, as well as the political, social and economic environment. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, document review and observation. The research informants consisted of the heads and members of the PPDS-PPDGS working team members, the Riau, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and South Sulawesi provincial health offices. The research was conducted from May to June 2023. The research results show that policy implementation has been going well. The size and objective of the PDS-DGS cost assistance policy are clear and measurable and are contained in the performance indicators for the Directorate of Provision of Health Personnel activities contained in the Strategic Plan of the Ministry of Health. Inter-organizational policy communication runs well between the Directorate for the provision of health workers, the Provincial Health Office and other stakeholders through regular outreach and coordination. Resources in the implementation of the PDS-DGS financial assistance policy, both human resources, budget, and authority, have been well optimized by the Directorate for Provision of Health Personnel, but for facility resources, namely the information system, development is still needed so that it can be used optimally. The characteristics of implementing organizations are supported by the availability of complete PPDS-PPDS scholarship implementation SOPs and a clear division of authority between organizations. In the disposition variable, the commitment of the leadership and work team in implementing the PDS-DGS financial assistance policy by carrying out tasks according to their respective roles and responsibilities. The economic, social and political environment variables show the magnitude of the support of relevant stakeholders in the implementation of the PDS-DGS financial aid policy
The decrease in the utilization of dental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic will have an impact on the use of health materials. Strategies and policies are needed in the marketing of health products during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study used to analyze the benefits of social media in the loyalty of the use of health materials in dental practices. This study used a cross-sectional design, consist of 441 respondent. Data was collected through an online questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of respondents in the WhatsApp group (80.9%) were promoters. Meanwhile, for respondents who are not in the WhatsApp group, only a small proportion of respondents (41.6%) are promoters. The results of the chi-square test found that the p-value <0.001. This means that there is a significant relationship between social media groups and customer loyalty. From the factor of using social media between before and after COVID-19, the NPS of respondents in the WhatsApp group after the COVID-19 pandemic was higher than before the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the NPS of respondents who are not in the WhatsApp group are the same. In the WhatsApp group, there are more loyal customers who will continue to buy and recommend products
ABSTRAK Nama : Ingrid Masithoh Program Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Judul : Retensi Dokter dan Dokter Gigi Pegawai Tidak Tetap Ketersediaan tenaga kesehatan yang berkesinambungan sangat vital dalam mendukung pemberian layanan kesehatan yang berkesinambungan pula. Di daerah yang kekurangan tenaga kesehatan, mengoptimalkan retensi menjadi sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran retensi dokter dan dokter gigi Pegawai Tidak Tetap di daerah terpencil dan sangat terpencil serta faktor yang mempengaruhi retensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cohort retrospective dengan analisis survival dan cox regresi. Sampel penelitian 10.361 dokter dan 3.496 dokter gigi yang berasal dari data pengangkatan Pegawai Tidak Tetap tahun 2008 – 2015 milik Biro Kepegawaian Kementerian Kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama masa penugasan minimum yang diwajibkan kepada dokter/dokter gigi PTT maka semakin banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi retensinya. Seiring peningkatan minimal masa tugas, pada 2 tahun pertama retensinya semakin meningkat, akan tetapi PTT yang berhenti sesudah penugasan pertamanyapun semakin meningkat. Tidak terdapat perbedaan retensi antar jenis kelamin, dan fasilitas kesehatan dengan kriteria sangat terpencil memiliki retensi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang terpencil. Kata kunci : retensi PTT, faktor retensi, dokter/dokter gigi PTT
ABSTRACT Name : Ingrid Masithoh Program : Public Health Study Title : Retention of Doctors and Dentists in Non-Permanent Personnel : Appointment Program The availability of sustainable health workers is vital in supporting the delivery of sustainable health services as well. In areas that are short of health personnel, optimizing retention is critical. This study aims to determine the retention of doctors and dentists in Non-Permanent Personnel Appointment Program in remote and rural areas, and factors that affect their retention. This study used a retrospective cohort design with survival and cox regression analysis. The sample was 10,361 doctors and 3,496 dentists in Non-Permanent Personnel Appointment Program, from 2008 until 2015 that belong to the Bureau of Personnel Ministry of Health. The results showed that the longer the required minimum assignment period to the doctor / dentist, the more factors will affect the retention, and the longer minimum assignment the retention increase until the first 2 years, There is no difference in retention between the types of marital status. Doctors/dentists who are assigned to very remote criteria have higher retention than in remote criteria. Keywords : retention of Non-Permanent Personnel Appointment Program, retention factors, doctors/dentists of Non-Permanent Personnel Appointment Program