Abstrak: Infeksi SARS CoV-2 sebagai penyebab terjadinya pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) kini menjadi perhatian kesehatan masyarakat. Pada kasus COVID-19 yang berat dapat menyebabkan pneumonia, sindrom pernapasan akut, gagal ginjal, dan bahkan kematian, sehingga tidak jarang membutuhkan perawatan intensif. Diduga komorbiditas akan memperberat kondisi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak komorbiditas yakni hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan penyakit paru obstrktif kronis terhadap kejadian perawatan intensif pada pasien COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan data registri pasien COVID-19 milik Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta pada Maret-Juni 2020 yand diperoleh dari formulir pencatatan dan pelaporan COVID-19. Kriteria inklusi adalah usia lebih dari 18 tahun, terdiagnosis COVID-19 dari hasil pemeriksaan swab PCR positif, dan pasien dirawat di Rumah Sakit di DKI Jakarta. Kriteria eksklusi adalah memiliki kondisi imunodefisiensi (HIV, keganasan, sedang menjalani kemoterapi atau radiasi). Data dianalisis secara bivariat dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik multipel dengan mempertimbangkan kovariat berupa usia, jenis kelamin, jenis pekerjaan, jumlah gejala dan durasi gejala yang dialami. Berdasarkan 12 699 pasien terkonfirmasi COVID19 pada periode penelitian, terdapat 6 359 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian ini. Diketahui 623 (9,8%) mengalami hipertensi, 421 (6,62%) mengalami diabetes melitus, dan 133 (2,09%) mengalami PPOK. Sebanyak 166 (2,61%) diantaranya mendapat perawatan di ICU. Setelah dikontrol kovariat, ketiga komorbiditas tersebut secara independen meningkatkan risiko kebutuhan perawatan di ICU, tertinggi pada penderita hipertensi tanpa diabetes yang memiliki lebih dari 2 gejala OR 23,98 (IK95% 12,8344,83) diikuti penderita hipertensi yang disertai diabetes dan lebih dari 2 gejala OR 16,53 (IK95% 8,76-31,17). Penderita PPOK memiliki risiko OR 1,80 (IK95% 0,95-3,40) untuk dirawat di ICU. Disimpulkan bahwa hipertensi, diabetes melitus, dan PPOK meningkatkan risiko perawatan di ICU pada pasien COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta.

---

COVID-19 cases can lead to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney failure, and death. The presence of comorbidities are tought to worsen that condition. This study aimed to investigate impact of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to admission to intensive care unit (ICU) among COVID-19 patients in DKI Jakarta. This cross sectional study utilize COVID-19 patients registry data owned by DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office from March to June 2020. Inclusion criteria are aged 18 years old or older, confirmed by positive PCR swab test result, and hospitalized in DKI Jakarta. Exclusion criteria are patients with immunodeficiency condition (HIV, malignancy, in chemotherapy or radiation therapy). Data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression by considering covariates (age, sex, working status, number of symptoms, and duration of symptoms). Among 12 699 patients, 6 359 were included. Approximately 623 (9,8%) had hypetension, 421 (6,62%) had diabetes mellitus, and 133 (2,09%) had COPD. Among them, 166 (2,61%) were admitted to ICU. After controlling for covariates, those comorbidities are independently increase risk of ICU admission. The highest risk are found among hypertension patients without diabetes melitus and had more than two symptoms OR 23,98 (95%CI 12,83-44,83) followed by hypertension patients with diabetes melitus and had more than two symptoms OR 16,53 (95%CI 8,76-31,17). COPD patients had risk OR 1,80 (95%CI 0,95-3,40) for ICU admission. In conclusion, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and COPD increase risk of ICU admission among COVID-19 patients in DKI Jakarta.

Abstrak:

Abstrak:

---

Abstrak:

---

As of January 30 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) deemed Covid-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) due to a significant increase of cases and confirmed cases in several countries (World Health Organization, 2020a). In April 2021, the mortality rate of COVID-19 in Indonesia reached 4.68%, which is higher than the global average mortality rate of 3.79%. Previous studies have shown that there is a relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the survival of Covid-19 patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between hypertension and diabetes mellitus on the survival of Covid-19 patients at RSJPD Harapan Kita Jakarta March 2020 - April 2021. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using cox regression analysis to determine survival. This study uses secondary data provided by the infection prevention and control division of Harapan Kita and medical record tracing. The study involved a total of 433 confirmed Covid-19 patients who were selected using random sampling technique. The results of the analysis show that hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly related to the incidence of death in Covid-19 patients at RSJPD Harapan Kita March 2020 - April 2021 after being controlled for confounding factor namely chronic lung disease with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.727 (95% CI: 1.012 – 2.499), p-value 0.045. Proper triage of patients is needed, as well as rigorous monitoring and adequate treatment for Covid-19 patients who suffer from hypertension and diabetes mellitus to prevent further mortality and morbidity.