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Stroke is the leading cause of death and illness in Indonesia, according to Riskesdas data the prevalence continues to increase by 10.9 per mile in 2018. Non-hemorrhagic strokes are the most frequent inpatients cases at dr.Chasbullah Abdulmadjid Hospital. The hospital has made the clinical pathway, but no updates have been made after more than 3 years. This study aims to get an overview of the inputs, processes, outputs, and outcomes and challenges faced when implementing clinical pathways. This is retrospective research, uses quantitative and qualitative approaches in a system evaluation framework. The results showed that the input variables in terms of HR, funds, policies, infrastructure, drugs and medical equipment are available and ready to apply CP, the challenge is lies in the team coordination. Process variables are already running with challenges in team identification, team leader election and the CP socialization still not optimal. Output variables obtained an average LHR in accordance with CP, variants were obtained on the visit, supporting examinations, nursing services, drug consultations and medical devices. The outcome variable, there is a price difference between real and appropriate CP of Rp. 224,103 (5%), Positive difference in physiotherapy services Rp. 178,470 (143%), Visite Rp. 88,215 (26%), Nutrition Rp. 78,014 (18%), Accommodation Rp. 53,625 (10%), nursing services Rp. 45,805 (7%) and Consultation Rp. 6,750 (6%). A negative difference occurs in the drug service Rp. 123,911 (25%), Laboratory Rp. 92,465 (21%), Radiology Rp. 8,238 (1%) and Medical Devices Rp. 2,162 (1%).
ABSTRAK Nama : Weny Rinawati Program Studi : Kajian Administrasi Rumah Sakit Judul : Analisis biaya perawatan stroke berdasarkan Clinical Pathway di Rumah Sakit Pusat Otak Nasional Jakarta dalam pelayanan pasien Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Latar belakang. Masalah yang sering dihadapi pada pelayanan pasien Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional adalah kesenjangan biaya perawatan pasien stroke dengan tarif INA-CBGs. Hal ini terkait dengan biaya perawatan dan Clinical Pathway. Tujuan. Mengetahui biaya perawatan pasien stroke di Rumah Sakit Pusat Otak Nasional. Metoda. Penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif mengikutsertakan 277 subjek penyakit stroke yang diperoleh di Rumah Sakit Pusat Otak Nasional Jakarta selama Januari – Juni 2015. Biaya perawatan stroke dihitung berdasarkan biaya satuan (unit cost) dengan menggunakan metode activity based costing dan Clinical Pathway. Hasil. Biaya satuan perawatan stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik berdasarkan Clinical Pathway, dengan memperhitungkan biaya investasi dan biaya gaji, tanpa memperhitungkan jasa medis berturut-turut adalah Rp 311,860,860.83 dan Rp 585,083,610.01; dengan memperhitungkan biaya investasi, biaya gaji, dan jasa medis berdasarkan tarif rumah sakit adalah Rp 321,682,940.73 dan Rp598,929,450.01; dengan memperhitungkan biaya investasi, biaya gaji, dan jasa medis berdasarkan tarif IDI adalah Rp 318,360,860.73 dan Rp 594,333,610.01; tanpa memperhitungkan biaya investasi, biaya gaji, dan jasa medis adalah Rp30,361,681.00 dan Rp25,698,199.46; tanpa memperhitungkan biaya investasi dan biaya gaji, tetapi memperhitungkan jasa medis berdasarkan tarif rumah sakit adalah Rp 40,183,761.00 dan Rp 39,544,199.46; tanpa memperhitungkan biaya investasi dan biaya gaji, tetapi memperhitungkan jasa medis berdasarkan IDI adalah Rp 36,861,681.00 dan Rp 34,948,199.46. Simpulan: Dijumpai selisih biaya perawatan berdasarkan biaya satuan dan Clinical Pathway, baik yang memperhitungkan biaya investasi, gaji, dan jasa medis, maupun tanpa memperhitungkan biaya investasi, gaji, dan jasa medis, dengan tarif layanan existing dan tarif INA-CBGs Kata kunci : biaya, Clinical Pathway, INA-CBGs, stroke
ABSTRACT Name : Weny Rinawati Study Program : Hospital Administration Title : Cost of stroke treatment based on Clinical Pathway in National Brain Center Hospital, Jakarta Background. Problem often encountered in patient care National Health Insurance is the gap between the cost of stroke treatment with INA-CBGs tariff. This is related to the cost of treatment and the Clinical Pathway. Aim. Knowing the cost of stroke treatment in the National Brain Center Hospital Jakarta. Methods. Descriptive quantitative study involving 277 subjects stroke obtained at the National Brain Center Hospital Jakarta during January - June 2015. The cost of stroke treatment are calculated based on the unit cost using activity-based costing method and Clinical Pathway. Results. The unit cost of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke treatment by Clinical Pathway, taking into account investment costs and salary costs, regardless of medical services is IDR 311,860,860.83 and IDR 585,083,610.01; taking into account investment cost, salary cost, and medical services tariff based hospital is IDR 321,682,940.73 and IDR 598,929,450.01; taking into account investment cost, salary cost, and medical services tariff based IDI is IDR 318,360,860.73 and IDR 594,333,610.01; without taking into account investment cost, salary cost, and medical services are IDR 30,361,681.00 and IDR 25,698,199.46; without taking into account the investment cost and salary cost, but taking into account medical services tariff based hospital is IDR 40,183,761.00 and IDR 39,544,199.46; without taking into account the investment cost and salary cost, but taking into account medical services tariff based IDI is IDR 36,861,681.00 and IDR 34,948,199.46. Conclusion. Found difference in the cost of stroke treatment is based on unit cost and Clinical Pathway, both of which take into account the investment, salaries, and medical services cost, and without taking into account investment, salaries, and medical services cost, with existing services and tariff rates INA-CBGs Keywords: Clinical Pathway, cost, INA-CBGs, stroke
This thesis discusses about the evaluation of the suitability of the clinical pathway application of clinical pathway diarrhea in infants, with the aim of obtaining the results of an evaluation of the implementation of Clinical Pathway diarrhea in infants and the calculation of unit cost in cases of diarrhea in infants in Bhakti Rahayu General Hospital Denpasar. The research design used is the mix method, namely quantitative and qualitative research designs. The study was conducted in May 2019 to June 2020. The results obtained are still getting some variations in the services provided to patients so that the total cost of action in accordance with clinical pathway is Rp. 675,281, - with the real cost of services provided at Rp. 1,045,212 , - which means there is still a difference of Rp. 369,931, -.
Untuk mengevaluasi terhadap penerapan clinical pathway bagi pasien skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang, dilakukan penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional retrospektif dengan pengambilan sampel berdasarkan proporsi kejadian variabel yang diukur. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah indikator kejadian percobaan bunuh diri menurun dari 6% menjadi 2% (p= 0,097). Indikator kejadian pasien lari 6% vs 5% (p = 0,756). Kejadian pasien jatuh menurun dari 2% menjadi nol (p= 0,155). Indikator kejadian pasien yang difiksasi satu kali menurun dari 26% menjadi 12%, sedangkan pasien yang difiksasi lebih dari satu kali menurun dari 12% menjadi 10% (p = 0,028). Indikator kejadian infeksi nosokomial akibat scabies terdapat peningkatan bermakna dari tidak ada kasus menjadi 19% (p = 0,001). Tidak ada kejadian infeksi nosokomial akibat luka fiksasi. Kejadian re-hospitalisasi sebanyak satu kali mengalami penurunan sesudah penerapan clinical pathway sebanyak 7% (26% menjadi 19%). Kejadian re-hospitalisasi lebih dari satu kali meningkat sebesar 42% (10% menjadi 52%). Interval re-hospitalisasi kurang dari satu bulan menurun dari 2% menjadi 1%. Rata-rata lama rawat menurun dari 80,8 menjadi 59,16 (p = 0,04). Sedangkan indikator kepuasan pelanggan terdapat kecenderungan terjadi peningkatan setelah penerapan clinical pathway, namun pada tahun 2011 terdapat tren yang menurun. Saran: perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang adanya faktor-faktor selain clinical pathway, yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan tingkat keselamatan pasien, re-hospitalisasi, efektivitas pelayanan, serta perlunya revisi formulir clinical pathway.
This study was conducted to evaluate the implementation of clinical pathway for patients with schizophrenia in the Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Mental Hospital. This research used cross-sectional design with retrospective sampling events based on the proportion of measured variables. We found that the incidence of suicide attempts decreased from 6% to 2% (p = 0.097). There was no different of run away event ( 6% vs 5%; p = 0.756). The incidence of patient fell decreased from 2% into zero (p = 0.155). The events of one-time fixation decreased from 26% to 12%, while patients who got more than once fixation declined from 12% to 10% (p = 0.028). The incidence of nosocomial infection scabies increased to 19% (p = 0.001). There was no wound infections from fixation events. The incidence of re-hospitalization, one-time decreased after the implementation of clinical pathways as much as 7% (26% to 19%). But the incidence of rehospitalization for more than one time increased by 42% (10% to 52%). The average length of stay decreased from 80.8 to 59.16 (p = 0,04). In term of customer satisfaction, there was a tendency an increase after the implementation of clinical pathways, but in 2011 there was a downward trend. The study suggest to asses factor beside clinical pathways that influence patient safety, rehospitalized, care of effectivenes and review the clinical pathway form.
Acute gastroenteritis becomes health problem all over the world, because it is thecausal factor of high mortality and morbidity especially in children. Good and well-organized process of healthcare service will improve the outcome of the patients withacute gastroenteritis. Clinical pathway may be used as clear standard to improve thequality of health care, and also to reduce the length of hospital stay, hospital costs anddecrease the variability. Husada Hospital which implementing the clinical pathwayacute gastroenteritis in children as a quality control should really plan, organize,implement and evaluate clinical pathway systematically and continuously. Methodethat used for the research are quantitative approach with development of pre-clinicalpathways and evaluation of clinical pathways tools, and also indepth interview. Theaim of this research are to find out the inhibiting factors for implementation of clinicalpathways acute gastroenteritis which seen from input factors (human resources,funds, hospital policy, availability of drugs and medical equipments, also facilitiesand infrastructure); process factors which start from pre-preparation of clinicalpathways until the implementation phase; the output factors to look at theappropriateness of health services acute gastroenteritis in children with clinicalpathways in Husada Hospital. The result showed that the inhibiting factors from inputfactors are human resources, then process factors are the beginning of deciding on anICP to develop, and the output which there are no appropriatness in service healthwith acute gastroenteritis clinical pathways (e.g. visite doctors, using drugs andmedical equipments, laboratories, radiology that unnecessary)
