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Kata kunci: kebersihan genitalia, perilaku, perilaku kebersihan genitalia, Pondok Pesantren, remaja, santriwati, pengetahuan, keterpaparan informasi, dukungan keluarga.
Adolescents knowledge about reproductive health can be a provision for adolescents in behaving healthily and responsibly, but not all adolescents have sufficient and accurate information about reproductive health, one of which is about genital hygiene. This thesis aims to determine the factors associated with genital hygiene behavior of female students at X Boarding School Jakarta in 2019. This study used a cross-sectional study design using primary data on 80 female students at X Boarding School Jakarta. The results show that 65% of female students have poor behavior in genital hygiene. Based on bivariate analysis, the factors that have a significant relationship with genital hygiene behavior are age (p = 0.033), knowledge (p= 0.006), information exposure (p= 0.001) and family support (p= 0.004).
Keyword: Genital hygiene, behavior, genital hygiene behavior, boarding school, adolecents, female student, knowledge, information exposure, family support
Keputihan adalah masalah kesehatan reproduksi yang umum terjadi pada remaja putri, yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas hidup dan aktivitas belajar mereka. Pengetahuan dan perilaku perawatan organ genitalia wanita berperan penting dalam mencegah keputihan abnormal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan perilaku perawatan organ genitalia terhadap kejadian keputihan pada siswi remaja putri di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Falah Cibinong, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner yang diisi oleh 375 siswi. Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pengetahuan, perilaku perawatan, dan kejadian keputihan. Prevalensi kejadian keputihan pada remaja putri di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Falah Cibinong adalah 69,87%, dengan 76% diantaranya tidak terpapar informasi terkait merawat organ reproduksi, 86,49% memiliki pengetahuan kurang terkait keputihan, serta 80,33% memiliki perilaku genital hygiene kurang. Rata-rata usia responden adalah 13 tahun, dengan usia terendah adalah 10 tahun (1,33%) dan usia tertinggi yaitu 16 tahun (3,73%). Mayoritas responden remaja putri pertama kali mengalami menstruasi pada usia 11 tahun. Sumber informasi utama responden berasal dari orangtua (17,33%), dan guru (16%). Remaja putri dengan pengetahuan keputihan yang kurang memiliki risiko 1,38 lebih besar (PR= 1,38; 95% CI 1,0599-1,7966) untuk mengalami kejadian keputihan dibandingkan dengan remaja putri dengan pengetahuan cukup dan baik. Pengetahuan merupakan variabel yang paling berhubungan terhadap kejadian keputihan di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Falah Cibinong, Jawa Barat.
Leucorrhea is a common reproductive health issue among adolescent girls that can affect their quality of life and learning activities. Knowledge and behavior regarding the care of female genitalia play a crucial role in preventing abnormal leucorrhea. This study aims to analyze the correlation between knowledge and behavior regarding genital care on the incidence of leucorrhea among female adolescents at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Falah Cibinong, West Java. This research employs a cross-sectional design, collecting data through questionnaires filled out by 375 students. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between knowledge, care behaviors, and the occurrence of leucorrhea. The prevalence of vaginal discharge in adolescent girls at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Falah Cibinong was 69.87%, with 76% of them not exposed to information related to caring for reproductive organs, 86.49% had poor knowledge about vaginal discharge, and 80.33% had poor genital hygiene behavior. The average age of respondents was 13 years, with the lowest age being 10 years (1.33%) and the highest age being 16 years (3.73%). The majority of adolescent girls experienced their first menstruation at the age of 11. The main source of information for respondents came from parents (17.33%), and teachers (16%). Adolescent girls with poor knowledge of vaginal discharge had a 1.38 greater risk (PR= 1.38; 95% CI 1.0599-1.7966) of experiencing vaginal discharge compared to adolescent girls with sufficient and good knowledge. Knowledge is the variable most related to the incidence of vaginal discharge in Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al Falah Cibinong, West Java.
Latar belakang: Praktik Pemotongan/Perlukaan Genitalia Perempuan (P2GP) merupakan pelanggaran hak asasi perempuan. Prevalensi P2GP di Indonesia yang dilaporkan tahun 2021 mencapai 50,5% pada perempuan berusia 15–49 tahun, dengan 55,0% anak mereka juga mengalami P2GP. Peningkatan prevalensi dari generasi sebelumnya ke generasi saat ini menandakan masalah ini belum sepenuhnya teratasi. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran kejadian P2GP pada anak dari ibu berusia 15–64 tahun di Indonesia tahun 2024 dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Pengalaman Hidup Perempuan Nasional 2024 dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 5.653 perempuan berusia 15–64 tahun yang memiliki anak perempuan hidup dan tinggal serumah . Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik sederhana. Hasil: Prevalensi P2GP pada anak di Indonesia sebesar 47,9%. Faktor individu yang berasosiasi positif dengan P2GP pada anak meliputi usia ibu 55–64 tahun (dibandingkan usia ibu 15-24 tahun) (OR = 1,38, 95% CI: 1,02–1,87), pendidikan ibu tingkat dasar (dibandingkan tingkat tinggi) (OR = 1,20; 95% CI: 1,01–1,41), pendidikan ayah tingkat dasar dan menengah (dibandingkan tingkat tinggi) (OR = 1,40; 95% CI: 1,16–1,69), ibu beragama Islam (dibandingkan lainnya) (OR = 83,58; 95% CI: 44,65–156,44), status ekonomi terendah hingga menengah (dibandingkan teratas) (OR = 1,58; 95% CI: 1,34–1,88), ibu tidak bekerja (OR = 1,15; 95% CI: 1,04–1,28), serta ibu dengan riwayat P2GP serta tidak tahu/tidak ingat dan tidak menjawab (dibandingkan tanpa riwayat P2GP) (OR = 134,37; 95% CI: 106,36–169,76) dan mendukung kelanjutan P2GP dan tidak tahu (dibandingkan mendukung penghentian) (OR = 36,89; 95% CI: 31,27–43,52). Faktor komunitas yang berasosiasi positif dengan P2GP pada anak adalah wilayah dengan keberadaan P2GP (dibandingkan tanpa keberadaan P2GP) (OR = 22,62; 95% CI: 19,58–26,12) serta tinggal di wilayah Kalimantan (OR = 1,94; 95% CI: 1,54–2,44), Maluku (OR = 2,05; 95% CI: 1,29–3,24), Sulawesi (OR = 1,61; 95% CI: 1,32–1,97), dan Sumatra (OR = 2,70; 95% CI: 2,35–3,09) (dibandingkan Jawa). Sementara itu, tinggal di perdesaan (OR = 0,82; 95% CI: 0,72 – 0,91) serta di Kepulauan Sunda Kecil (OR = 0,36; 95% CI: 0,27–0,49) dan Papua (OR = 0,27; 95% CI: 0,16–0,43) (dibandingkan Jawa) berasosiasi negatif dengan P2GP pada anak. Kesimpulan: Penghapusan P2GP memerlukan penegakan regulasi, perluasan akses pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi komprehensif, pengawasan fasilitas kesehatan, kolaborasi dengan tokoh agama, pemberdayaan perempuan oleh pemerintah, serta penolakan aktif terhadap P2GP oleh masyarakat.
Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is a violation of women’s human rights as it provides no health benefits and interferes with the natural functions of the female body. In Indonesia, the prevalence of FGM/C in 2021 reached 50.5% among women aged 15–49 years, with 55.0% of their daughters also having undergone the practice. The increased prevalence from the previous generation to the current one indicates that this issue remains unresolved. Objective: To describe the prevalence of FGM/C among daughters of women aged 15–64 years in Indonesia in 2024 and the associated factors. Methods: This study used data from the 2024 National Survey on Women’s Life Experiences with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 5.653 women aged 15–64 years who had at least one living daughter residing in the same household. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and logistic regression tests. Results: The prevalence of FGM/C in children in Indonesia is 47.9%. Individual factors positively associated with FGM/C in children include: maternal age 55–64 years (compared to 15–24 years) (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.02–1.87), maternal primary education (compared to higher education) (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01–1.41), paternal primary and secondary education (compared to higher education) (OR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.16–1.69), Muslim mothers (compared to others) (OR = 83.58; 95% CI: 44.65–156.44), lowest to middle economic status (compared to the highest) (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.34–1.88), unemployed mothers (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04–1.28), mothers with a history of FGM/C and who did not know/did not remember and did not respond (compared to those without a history) (OR = 134.37; 95% CI: 106.36–169.76), and mothers who support the continuation of FGM/C and are unsure (compared to those who support its discontinuation) (OR = 36.89; 95% CI: 31.27–43.52). Community-level factors positively associated with FGM/C in children include: living in areas where FGM/C is practiced (compared to areas where it is not) (OR = 22.62; 95% CI: 19.58–26.12), and residing in Kalimantan (OR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.54–2.44), Maluku (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.29–3.24), Sulawesi (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.32–1.97), and Sumatra (OR = 2.70; 95% CI: 2.35–3.09) (compared to Jawa). Meanwhile, living in rural areas (OR = 0,82; 95% CI: 0,72 – 0,91), the Lesser Sunda Islands (OR = 0,36; 95% CI: 0,27–0,49), and Papua (OR = 0,27; 95% CI: 0,16–0,43) is negatively associated with FGM/C in children (compared to Java). Conclusion: Efforts to eliminate FGM/C in Indonesia require enforcement of current regulations, expansion of access to comprehensive reproductive health education, health facility oversight, intersectoral collaboration including religious leaders, the empowerment of women, and active public rejection of FGM/C.