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ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang hasil pengobatan dan variasi biaya TBMDR/ XDR di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta dengan menggunakan strategi Programatic Management Drug Resistance Tuberculosis (PMDT), yang memerlukan jangka waktu pengobatan yang lama 18-24 bulan serta memerlukan biaya yang sangat tinggi. Tujuan umum adalah mengetahui hasil pengobatan dan variabel-variabel biaya TB-MDR/XDR. Penelitian ini adalalah penelitian operasional dengan metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Sampel adalah semua pasien TB-MDR/XDR yang mulai diobati Agustus 2009 sampai 31 Desember 2010, berjumlah 104 pasien. Hasil pada penelitian ini lama pengobatan TB-XDR lebih panjang dan angka keberhasilan (lengkap dan sembuh) lebih rendah yaitu 42,9 % dan 80,9% jika dibandingakan dengan TB-MDR, tetapi angka keberhasilan ini jauh lebih tinggi dari angka keberhasilan di dunia. Biaya pasien sampai sembuh dan lengkap pada pasien TB-XDR Rp 91.704.767,33 lebih tinggi dari TB-MDR Rp 72.260.081,73. Biaya pasien TB-XDR yang meninggal Rp 63.246.069,- lebih tinggi dari TB-MDR Rp 34.142.692,44. Hal ini juga terjadi pada total biaya pengobatan TB-XDR dengan efek samping ringan lebih tinggi biayanya dari pada pasien TB-MDR. Penambahan lama pengobatan mempunyai peluang peningkatan biaya sebesar Rp 115.205,- per hari Jenis kelamin laki-laki yang bertempat tinggal di Jakarta Timur dengan lama pengobatan kurang dari 569 hari memiliki peluang 1.7 kali lebih tinggi mengalami kesembuhan dibandingkan dengan jenis kelamin perempuan, yang bertempat tinggal di daerah dan lama pengobatan yang sama. Kesimpulan : Angka keberhasilan pada TB-MDR dan TB-XDR pada penelitian ini lebih tinggi dari angka keberhasilan di dunia . Biaya total pengobatan TBXDR jauh lebih tinggi dari TB-XDR dan terdapat keeratan hubungan antara variabel biaya pengobatan dengan lama pengobatan.
ABSTRACT This research captured the Programmatic Management of Drug resistant Tuberculosis (PMDT) at Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta which required long treatment duration which is 18-24 months and especially the treatment outcome and variation cost. The study aimed to know regarding the treatment outcome as well as cost variaties of MDR/XDR-TB patients. This is a operational research using a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods. The samples were all treated MDR/XDR-TB patients who started treatment from August 2009 until December 31, 2010. Total number of sample were 104 patients. The results of this study revealed that duration of treatment for XDR-TB patients is longer than MDR-TB patients with lower success rate which are 42,9% and 80,9% respectively and was statistically significant. However this result is relatively higher than reports from many countries in the world. The cost per patient for those who cured and completed treatment was US$ 9,357 and US$ 7,373 for the XDR-TB patients and MDR-TB patients respectively which was statistically significant. The cost spent for XDR-TB patients who died during treatment was higher compare to MDR-TB ones, US$ 6,453 and US$ 3,484 respectively. The same finding was similar higher when comparing the total cost of mild side effect for XDR-TB and MDR-TB. Additional time for length of treatment would give the probability of spending US$ 11,75 per day. Male patients who live in East Jakarta with length of treatment was less than 569 days have the chance to cured 1.7 fold compare to females patient with the same condition in term of length of stay and residencial. Conclusion: Success Rate of MDR/XDR-TB in this study is higher than those being reported worldwide. Cost for XDR-TB is extremely high than for MDR-TB. There is an association found between cost and length of treatment.
The main problem of performance-based remuneration program design andimplementation is ineffective. This study aimed to analyze the quality of thepayment scheme of financial incentives based on the opinions and experience ofphysicians, to be input to drive improvement and successful implementation ofpayment patterns related financial incentives to improve the quality of health carein Persahabatan Hospital in 2016. The study used a qualitative approach to thetype of Rapid Assessment Procedure and the data collection was conducted inJune 2016. The study population was the whole of doctors who work inPersahabatan Hospital. The sample consisted of doctors who have receivedfinancial incentives and conduct health services directly to patients at least for 2years and management related to setting financial incentives doctors. Dataobtained by in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis wasperformed using marginal notes and voice recordings and summarized by topiceach corresponding question. The result is a pattern of financial incentivepayments based on the performance improvement effect on attitudes and behaviorof physicians. Internal aligment that consider the content and the value of office,doctor persist because of the status of civil servants, a big difference in incentivesto outside is not too big, and opportunity in private practice. Management mustinnovate and continuous evaluation to involve the full participation of physiciansin improving the quality of service.Keywords :Financial incentives, doctor, Performance, Payment Patterns
