Keberadaan limbah B3 medis padat yang dihasilkan oleh fasyankes masih menjadi perhatian, apabila tidak dikelola dengan tepat dapat menjadi ancaman bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan sekitar. Rumah sakit sebagai produsen utama limbah B3 medis diwajibkan mengelola limbah B3 yang dihasilkannya dengan tepat, sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22 Tahun 2021. Namun di DKI Jakarta, masih banyak limbah B3 medis dari fasyankes yang belum dikelola sesuai standar, dimana hanya 52,9% fasyankes yang melakukan pengelolaan limbah B3 medis sesuai standar, sementara daerah lain mampu mencapai 84,6%. Sejumlah tantangan masih harus dihadapi DKI Jakarta dalam mengelola limbah B3 medis rumah sakit. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran terhadap pengelolaan limbah B3 medis padat rumah sakit di DKI Jakarta. Desain penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif studi kasus yang dilakukan pada lima RSUD di DKI Jakarta. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung di rumah sakit melalui metode wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen terkait dengan praktik pengelolaan limbah B3 medis padat rumah sakit. Karakteristik limbah B3 medis padat di lima RSUD DKI Jakarta meliputi limbah infeksius, patologis, benda tajam, farmasi, dan kimia, dengan tambahan limbah sitotoksik di RSUD A, RSUD D, dan RSUD E. Sumber utama limbah berasal dari instalasi rawat inap, IGD, unit hemodialisa, dan kamar operasi. Rata-rata timbulan harian mencapai 416,44 kg/hari, dengan jumlah tertinggi di RSUD D. Seluruh rumah sakit telah memenuhi standar pelatihan, sarana, dan prasarana, sementara pengelolaan mencakup pengurangan, pemilahan, pewadahan, penyimpanan, hingga pengangkutan eksternal yang dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga berizin. Tingkat kesesuaian pengelolaan limbah tertinggi dicapai oleh RSUD A (93,4%) dan terendah RSUD C (80,7%). Pengelolaan limbah B3 medis padat di RSUD DKI Jakarta telah memenuhi sebagian besar standar regulasi, namun peningkatan diperlukan pada aspek pemilahan, pewadahan, dan jalur pengangkutan internal untuk mencapai kesesuaian yang lebih baik secara menyeluruh.

The presence of solid hazardous medical waste generated by healthcare facilities remains a significant concern. If not properly managed, it can pose serious threats to human health and the surrounding environment. Hospitals, as the primary producers of hazardous medical waste, are required to manage this waste in accordance with Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22 Tahun 2021. However, in DKI Jakarta, a significant amount of medical hazardous waste from healthcare facilities is still not managed according to standards, with only 52.9% of facilities complying, compared to 84.6% in other regions. DKI Jakarta continues to face various challenges in managing hospital medical hazardous waste effectively.This study aims to provide an overview of the management of solid hazardous medical waste in hospitals in DKI Jakarta. The research employed a mixed-methods design, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, using a descriptive case study conducted at five regional general hospitals (RSUD) in DKI Jakarta. Data collection was conducted directly at the hospitals through interviews, observations, and reviews of relevant documents on waste management practices. The characteristics of solid hazardous medical waste (B3) in the five regional general hospitals in DKI Jakarta include infectious, pathological, sharp, pharmaceutical, and chemical waste, with additional cytotoxic waste identified in RSUD A, RSUD D, and RSUD E. The primary sources of waste originate from inpatient wards, emergency rooms, hemodialysis units, and operating rooms. The average daily waste generation reaches 416.44 kg/day, with the highest amount recorded at RSUD D. All hospitals have met the standards for training, facilities, and infrastructure, while waste management encompasses reduction, segregation, containment, storage, and external transportation handled by licensed third parties. The highest compliance level in waste management was achieved by RSUD A (93.4%) and the lowest by RSUD C (80.7%). The management of solid hazardous medical waste in five regional general hospitals across DKI Jakarta has met most regulatory standards; however, improvements are needed in segregation, containment, and internal transportation routes to achieve better overall compliance.

Pengelolaan limbah yang belum optimal masih menjadi tantangan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem pengelolaan limbah B3 dan limbah non medis, mengidentifikasi ketersediaan SDM, sarana prasarana, dan SPO, menganalisis aktivitas minimisasi limbah, serta merumuskan strategi perbaikan menggunakan analisis SWOT di RS X tahun 2025. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan April 2026. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara kepada 5 responden. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan sistem serta analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total timbulan limbah B3 pada tahun 2025 adalah 14.497,34 kg dan limbah non medis sebesar 74.763,55 kg. Input, RS X telah memiliki petugas pengelola limbah berlatar belakang Kesehatan Lingkungan, sarana dasar, dan SPO yang lengkap secara digital, pelatihan yang belum merata, serta beberapa sarana yang perlu perbaikan. Proses, kegiatan pemilahan, pewadahan, pengangkutan internal, penyimpanan sementara, pengangkutan dan pengolahan eksternal telah dilaksanakan. Output, pengelolaan limbah sudah memenuhi ketentuan regulasi, namun masih adanya kelemahan dan keterbatasan pada pencatatan, monitoring, dan evaluasi. Aktivitas minimisasi limbah telah dilaksanakan dengan 75% terpenuhi, dengan persentase minimisasi melalui penjualan limbah plabot rata-rata 49,73% dari total limbah B3. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan posisi strategis RS X berada pada kuadran agresif (Kuadran I), strategi direkomendasikan adalah penguatan sistem manajemen limbah melalui peningkatan kompetensi SDM, penyempurnaan pencatatan digital, optimalisasi sarana prasarana, perluasan program minimisasi limbah, serta penguatan kerja sama dengan pihak pengolah limbah berizin. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pengelolaan limbah B3 dan limbah non medis di RS X sudah dilaksanakan sesuai peraturan yang berlaku, dan masih memerlukan peningkatan dan perbaikan.

Suboptimal waste management remains a persistent challenge in hospital settings. This study aims to analyze the hazardous waste (B3) and non-medical waste management systems, identify the availability of human resources, infrastructure, and standard operating procedures (SOP), analyze waste minimization activities, and formulate improvement strategies using SWOT analysis at Hospital X in 2025. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. The study was conducted in April 2026, with data collected through in-depth interviews with five respondents. Analysis was performed using a systems approach and SWOT analysis. The results revealed that the total generation of hazardous waste (B3) in 2025 amounted to 14,497.34 kg, while non-medical waste reached 74,763.55 kg. In terms of input, Hospital X has assigned waste management personnel with an environmental health background, basic infrastructure, and comprehensive digital SOPs; however, training distribution remains uneven and several facilities require improvement. Regarding process, activities including waste segregation, containment, internal transportation, temporary storage, and external transportation and treatment have been carried out. In terms of output, waste management has complied with regulatory requirements, although weaknesses persist in recording, monitoring, and evaluation. Waste minimization activities have been implemented with a 75% compliance rate, with minimization through the sale of plabot waste averaging 49.73% of total hazardous waste. The SWOT analysis indicated that Hospital X is strategically positioned in the aggressive quadrant (Quadrant I). The recommended strategies include strengthening the waste management system through enhanced human resource competency, improved digital record-keeping, optimized infrastructure, expanded waste minimization programs, and reinforced cooperation with licensed waste treatment providers. This study concludes that hazardous waste and non-medical waste management at Hospital X has been implemented in accordance with applicable regulations, yet continuous improvement is still required.